Objective To explore the cognitive function,feature of P 300 event-related potentials and the relationship of them in children with epilepsy.Methods Auditory P 300 was measured by oddball paradigm and intelligence quotient was tested by WSIC-RC in 38 children with epilepsy.Results 1. The rates of FIQ less than normal IQ were 65.8 %, impaired intelligence 28.9 % in patient group. 2.The latencies and the amplitudes of P 300 were significantly delayed and decreased respectively in both patient groups (P

Background Optical nerve damage of glaucomatous eyes is associated with intracranial pressure.Conventional method of evaluating intracranial pressure is to measure cerebrospinal pressure by lumber puncture.However,the measurement of intraorbital optical nerve parameters,a novel method of evaluating intracranial pressure,is introduced in this field.Objective This study was to measure and analyze the intraorbital optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and cross sectional area (ONSA) in normal population using multi-slice spiral CT.Methods This study protocol was approved by Clinical Ethic Committee of Shenzhen Chinese Traditional Medical Hospital and followed Hersinki Declaration.Informed consent was obtained from each individual prior to any medical examination.One hundred and five eyes of 105 normal persons with normal cerebral CT image were enrolled in Shenzhen Chinese Traditional Medical Hospital from January 2012 to September 2013.Cerebral volume was scanned in all the individuals by 64 slice spiral CT.The brain images were obtained for the curve planar rebuilding of intraorbital optical nerve on image post-processing workstation.The maximum and minimum of ONSD and the ONSA in axial sections at 3,6,9,12 and 15 mm far away from globe wall were measured using a standardized technique to analyze the change of optical nerve parameters at different point locations.These parameters were compared in different gender or eyes.The correlation among age and the optical nerve parameters at 3 mm far away from globe wall was evaluated by multivariate regression analysis.Results The average maximal ONSDs were (6.24±0.47), (5.56±0.44),(5.18±0.43),(4.82±0.41) and (4.69±0.41) mm;the average minimal ONSDs were (5.56±0.50),(4.97± 0.41) ,(4.55±0.35),(4.26±0.39) and (4.10±0.40) mm;the average ONSAs were (27.68±4.40),(22.02±3.35) , (18.74± 2.75) , (16.34±2.72) , (15.40±2.68) mm2 at 3,6,9,12 and 15 mm far away from posterior eyeball wall,respectively, showing significant differences in the maximal/minimal ONSDs and ONSAs among the different point locations (F =218.329,215.906,246.924, all at P =0.001).No significant differences were found in the maximal/minimal ONSDs and ONSAs between male and female or between the right eyes and left eyes (gender:t=1.805,P=0.074;t=1.930,P=0.056;t=1.329,P=0.187;eyes:t=0.724,P=0.471;t=1.562,P=0.121;t=1.424,P=0.158).No significant correlations were seen between age and maximal/minimal ONSDs or ONSAs with the coefficients of 1.873,7.415 and-0.853 correspondingly (P =0.847,0.460,0.637).Conclusions Intraorbital section of optical nerve can be rebuilt using standardized technique after scanning of 64 slice spiral CT.The cross section of intraorbital optic nerve sheath is oval in shape and the optic nerve is thinning with the increase of distance far away posterior eyeball wall in normal populatuion.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of methylprednisolone （MP） on the proliferation and expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes after spinal cord injury in rats. MethodsThe spinal cords in T8～T10 in 48 male Wistar rats (10 weeks old) were exposed and the right site were semi-transected. 24 rats were administrated MP through tail vein as experiment group, and the other rats were injected equal volumes of normal saline as the control group. They were assessed with Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) score for ethological test every 4 d, and were sacrificed, perfused 3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 28 d after operation. The spinal cords were removed and postfixed, The expression of GFAP was observed with immunohistochemical staining and gray values determination. The GFAP positive cells were also counted. ResultsThere was no significant difference in BBB score between these groups until 21 d after operation; but the MP group rats showed significantly better functional recovery than the control group 25 d after operation. The number of positive astrocytes was less in the MP group than in the control group 3 and 7 d after operation, but there was no significant difference 14 d after operation. The GFAP expression in glial scar was significantly lower in the MP group than in the control in the first 21 d after operation, but no significant difference 28 d after operation. ConclusionThe large dose methylprednisolone administration can decrease the number of active AS, attenuate the formation of glial scars, and improve the functional recovery of the hind limbs after acute spinal cord injury.

Objective To assess response of rectal carcinoma to preoperative chemoradiation therapy(CRT)using DWI and tumor ADC values,and to investigate the value of ADC in predicting and monitoring therapeutic effect of CRT.Methods Twenty-six patients with primary rectal carcinoma undergoing preoperative CRT were recruited to the study.DWI was performed on a 1.5 T MR scanner in all patients at the time point of pre-therapy,the end of the 1st,2nd week of therapy and pre-operation,respectively.ADC values of the tumors were calculated on the workstation.Randomized block design was applied to analyze change in ADCs following treatment Results All patients were divided into T-downstaging group(n=12)and T-non-downstaging group(n=14).In T-downstaging group,the mean tumor ADC values were(1.10±0.13)×10~(-3),(1.32±0.19)×10~(-3),(1.35±0.13)×10~(-3),(1.32±1.00)×10~(-3) mm~2/s at the time point of pretreatment,week 1,week 2,pre-operation,respectively(F=16.420,P＜0.01).The mean tumor ADC value in T-non-downstaging had a slight increase from(1.16±0.16)×10~(-3) mm~2/s to(1.23±0.13)×10~(-3) mm~2/s at the time of week 1(P＞0.05).The ADC value in T-non-downstaging group continuously increased to(1.30±0.16)×10~(-3) mm~2/s at the end of the 2nd week of CRT(F=5.023,P＜0.01)and appeared statistical difference.The evolution of tumor ADC values in the two groups was significantly different.Early increases in tumor ADC were observed in T-downstaging group.Regarding the increase percentage of ADC value at 1st week as a diagnostic marker of tumor downstaging,when it was set as 11.6%,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value is 75.0%,78.6%,75.0% and 78.6% respectively,the area under curve(Az)was 0.774(95% confidence interval:0.583 to 0.964).Conclusions An early significant increase of mean tumor ADC value in rectal carcinoma has a potential to predict therapeutic effect of CRT.One week after beginning CRT is an early time point to monitor therapy efficacy.

By non-steady method,the effective diffusivity of ferrous sulphate within alginate calcium gel entrapped without bacteria was measured.Meanwhile the oxidation ability of entrapped bacteria was analyzed.Experimental results showed that the effective diffusion coefficient of ferrous sulphate decreased with the increase of alginate concentration,the optimum alginate concentration is 2%(W/V).The effect of calcium chloride on the effective diffusivity was neglectable.The incubation of ferrooxidans would pass through 10 hours,and the diffusion coefficient within gel entrapped Thiobacillus ferrooxidans cells was less remarkably than that of ferrous sulphate without entrapped cells.For the entrapped cells,the absolute oxidation time was shortest and the rate change was fastest with the initial Fe concentration 5g/L.The absolute oxidation time was same when the initial Fe concentration was 8g/L and 10g/L.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESapylin is one of the biological response modifiers. It has been used in the comprehensive treatment for advanced cancer, and its clinical efficacy has been proved. This study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative intraperitoneal injection of Sapylin in treatment of advanced gastric cancer.

METHODSSeventy-nine patients eligible for radical gastrectomy were randomly divided into the treatment group (Sapylin + mitomycin C, 40 patients) and the control group (mitomycin C alone, 39 patients). In the treatment group, 5 KE Sapylin was injected intraperitoneally 48 h before operation and 4 mg of mitomycin C was injected into peritoneal cavity before the closure of the peritoneum. In the control group, only 4 mg mitomycin C was injected into peritoneal cavity before the closure of the peritonium.

RESULTSThere was no operative mortality or duodenal stump leakage in the two groups. Postoperative complications were anastomotic leakage (2.5%, 1/40) and incision rupture (2.5%, 1/40) in the treatment group, and incision rupture (2.6%, 1/39) in the control group, with no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The 3-year survival rate was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (76.5% vs. 49.4%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative intraperitoneal injection of Sapylin can raise the 3-year survival rate after radical gastrectomy , without increasing the incidence rate of operative complications. Preoperative intraperitoneal injection of Sapylin is therefore a valuable therapy for advanced gastric cancer in clinic.

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Anastomotic Leak ; etiology ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Biological Products ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitomycin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Neoplasm Staging ; Preoperative Period ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Stomach Rupture ; etiology ; Streptococcus pyogenes ; chemistry ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo practice a more atraumatic, physiological and aesthetically valued approach of construction for neovagina.

METHODSLaparoscopically using peritoneum as neovagina lining.

RESULTSFrom March 2005 to September 2006, this technique was adopted to treat 10 patients whose diagnosis was congenital absence of vagina. The ages of the patients were from 19 to 32. The operation lasted average 2.34 hours. And hospitalization was about 20.5 days. Follow-up ranged from 3 - 12 months. No complication occurred. All of the patients was satisfied with their sexual life.

CONCLUSIONSLaparoscopically assisted neovaginaplasty, in which peritoneum was substituted for vaginal mucous membrane, was a kind of ideal approach of vaginal creation.

Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Peritoneum ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Vagina ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Young Adult

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common cause of cognitive impairment associated with a congenital chromosomal abnormality, trisomy of chromosome 21. Mental retardation and congenital heart defects are key features of DS. All DS individuals develop early-onset Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology. Intersectin 1 gene is localized on human chromosome 21, the critical region of DS, and it has higher expression in the brain of DS patients than in normal individuals. So fully understanding functions of intersectin 1 is critical for revealing the pathogenesis of DS. Intersectin 1 protein has two isoforms: intersectin 1-L and intersectin 1-S. This review will focus on the distribution, expression characters and functions of intersectin 1 in the central nervous system.
Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Central Nervous System ; cytology ; metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Humans ; Mental Disorders ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neurons ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the structure, mechanical and low temperature aging properties of colored dental zirconia ceramics.

METHODS5 graded colored dental zirconia ceramics were made by adding colorants and their combinations into a 3Y-TZP (tetragonal zirconia stabilized by 3mol% yttrium) powder, the green body were compacted at 200 MPa, pre-sinter at 1,050 degrees C and maintained for 2 h, then densely sintered at 1,500 degrees C for 2 h. Specimens were cut from each of the 5 graded colored blocks. Physical, mechanical properties as well as chemical stability were tested, microstructure were observed, crystalline phase were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), aging properties were assessed by measurement of the relative content of monoclinic phase and bending strength testing.

RESULTSThe overall density of colored zirconia ceramics was over 99.7%, linear shrinkage was about 20%, while thermal expansion coefficient was about 11 x 10(-6) x degrees C(-1), the crystalline phase was tetragonal, bending strength was over 900 MPa which was slightly lowered than that of the uncolored zirconia, fracture toughness was slightly higher. Good chemical stability in acetic acid was observed. After aging treatment, tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation was detected up to 40%, while bending strength was not significantly degraded.

CONCLUSIONThe results showed that colored 3Y-TZP ceramics presented good mechanical properties even after aging treatments, and was suitable for dental clinical use.

Ceramics ; Materials Testing ; X-Ray Diffraction ; Yttrium ; Zirconium

OBJECTIVETo investigate mutations of KRAS gene and clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal carcinomas (CRC) in Chinese.

METHODSTumor cells were collected by microdissection from paraffin-embedded tumor specimens and adjacent normal colon tissues from 167 CRC patients. Genomic DNA was extracted and mutations of KRAS gene (codons 12 and 13) were detected by scorpions amplification refractory mutation system (Scorpions ARMS).

RESULTSKRAS mutations were identified in 66 patients (39.5%), including G13D (21 cases, 12.6%), G12D (15 cases, 9.0%), G12V (13 cases, 7.8%), G12C (6 cases, 3.6%), G12A (5 cases, 3.0%), G12S (4 cases, 2.4%) and G12R (2 cases, 1.2%). Female patients had a higher KRAS mutation rate than male (50.0%, 29/58 vs.33.9%, 37/109, P < 0.05). However, KRAS mutations did not correlate with the patient age, tumor sites, histological types and grades (P > 0.05). Additionally, 7 of 18 patients with metastatic CRC had KRAS gene mutations. Overall, KRAS gene mutation was identified in 59 patients among 149 primary CRC (39.6%). There was no significant difference in KRAS mutation between primary and metastatic tumors (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe detection rate of KRAS mutation is higher in female CRC patients than the males. The presence of KRAS mutation does not significantly correlate with the patients' age, tumor site, differentiation grades and histological types. There was no significant difference in KRAS mutation between the primary and metastatic tumors.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; genetics ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Codon ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; genetics ; secondary ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult ; ras Proteins ; genetics