Objective To understand drug use in children with common cold through comments on prescription and drug analysis,and to provide theoretical basis for standardizing medical treatment and promoting rational drug use.Methods A retrospective survey method was applied.Prescriptions of common cold in the department of pediatrics from Oct.to Dec.2015 were reviewed,and Excel 2013 was used for statistical analysis.Rationality of drug use was evaluated based onhospital prescription review management specification (try out),instructions and consensus of related experts at home and abroad.Results The utilization rate of antibacterial drugs was 93.4％in children with common cold of our hospital,utilization rate of antiviral drugs was 59.7％,utilization rate of compound cold medicine was 96.4％,and the rate of combined utilization of more than two kinds of compound medicine was 65.7％.Excessive medicine for common cold existed and abuse of cold medicine,antimicrobial and antiviral drug,irational drug combination in this hospital.Conclusion Clinical doctors lack cognition to common cold and cold medicines.Hospital pharmacy department should take effective pharmaceutical interventions to improve the level of rational drug use.

Objective To survey the incidence of depression in Parkinson disease(PDD) and explore the related factors of PDD.Methods 127 patients with Parkinson disease were investigated,all of them were assessed by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale,self-designed register form and the Unified Parkinson disease scale(UPDRS).A stepwise multiple factor regression analysis was carried out to determine factors that best accounted for the occurrence of PDD.Results The overall incidence rate was 47.2%.The minor,moderate and major incidence was 14.2%,28.3% and 4.7% respectively.The regression analysis showed that factors accounted for the occurrence of PDD were gender,the severity of PD,stage of patient's motor impairment,education level and the use of dopamine agonists.Conclusion PDD seems to have a multifactorial etiology.Knowledge of risk factors related to the occurrence of PDD may help guide neurologists in the early prediction and treatment of this disease.

Objective To evaluate the role of mierosurgery in surgical treatment to urethrocutaneous fistula after urethroplasty in hypospadias and improve surgical results.Methods From 1999 to 2006,44 urethrocutaneous fistulae (more than 3mm in diameter) after urethroplasty for hypospadias in 33 patients were repaired with different skin flaps.For example,Thiersch technique,urthroplasty,etc.Microsurgical tech- nique was employed in every case.Results The success rates of different procedure were 84.8% (28/33) for Thiersch technique,100% (11/11) for urethroplasty respectively.The total success rate was 88.6%(39/ 44).Conclusion It's just application of skin flap for repairing of big or complex urinary fistula after hypos- padias surgery.The application of microsurgical technique can increase success rate.It is necessary to excise scar and partial urethra for hypospadias fistula combined with urethral structures,cicatricial eontracture and in- curvation of penis.Rich blood-supply,low tension and atraumatic technique are all very important to improve surgery success rates of urinary,fistula after hypospadias repair.

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship of distortion product in cochlea with cochlear activity and hearing. METHOD: Time variances of distortion product of basilar membrane vibration in vitro guineapig cochlea were observed by laser interferometry. RESULT: Within half hour after a cochlea was isolated from a guineapig, distortion product accompanied with two-tone inhibition in cochlea, can be observed. As time passed, distortion product and two-tone inhibition effect disappeared at the same time. After that, the membrane contiune vibrating in response to the sound stimulus, but the vibration amplitude decreased obviously and continued decreasing until it disappeared completely. CONCLUSION Distortion product in cochlea is a symbol of cochlear activity which makes the membrane respond in large amplitude vibration to sound stimulus and exhibit two-tone inhibition. The former makes the hearing highly sensitive to sound stimulus, the later makes the hearing perform information abstract well.
Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Basilar Membrane ; physiology ; Cochlea ; physiology ; Guinea Pigs ; Hearing ; physiology ; Hearing Tests ; Interferometry ; Sound

Objective To investigate the immune effect and the security after inoculating rabies vaccine in children. Methods To investigate and to detect the antibody level by the way of ELISA among the 337 children wounded by animals and vaccined the rabies vaccine. Results The positive rate of the antibody is 99.7%, the ad-verse effect is moderate. Conclusion Domestic adjuvant-free aqueous rabies vaccine, domestic freeze dried rabies vaccine and peregrinus freeze dried rabies vaccine all have satisfactory immunogenicity and little adverse effect.

Capsule Endoscopy ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphangioma, Cystic ; etiology ; pathology ; Nevus, Blue ; etiology ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; etiology ; pathology

AIM: To investigate the clinic efficacy and operation safety of improved small incision extracapsular cataract extraction in the sight-regaining program.
METHODS: Totally 82 cases ( 82 eyes ) included in the sight-regaining program of the cataract patients were underwent small incision extracapsular cataract extraction conbined with improved technology ( anterior capsule staining, continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, auxiliary incision ) , postoperative visual recovery and operative complications were observed.
RESULTS: Postoperative visual acuity: uncorrected visual acuity when out of hospital: ≥0. 3 were 67 cases (82%);1wk after dismissed from hospital:≥0. 3 were 76 cases (93%), admist which ≥0. 8 were 45 cases (55%). There is no serious complication such as posterior capsule rupture, zonular dialysis, etc. in the operation.CONCLUSION: Combined use of improved technology can increase operation safety of small incision extracapsular cataract extraction.

Objective To compare three methods for culture of fetal cortical neurons of SD rats and find out the suitable culture conditions of fetal cortical neurons in vitro.Methods The cortex of 16-18-day embryonic rat was used for culture in this study.Mechanical dissociation, trypsin digestion and papain digestion were applied respectively to the neuron culture.The morphological characteristics of neuronal cells at different time points were observed and neuron purity was identified by immunofluorescence staining assay.Results High purity of the fetal rat cortical neurons was successfully achieved by all the three culture methods, and each had distinct morphological characteristics at different time points.The purity of neurons was 96.28%, 95.63%and 97.34%, respectively, with no significant differences among the three groups (P>0.05).Conclusions The three culture methods are improved in our study.Stable neurons with high purity can be obtained by all the three methods respectively, and each of these methods has distinct characteristics.

Objective: To evaluate the cognitive dysfunction of patients with vascular dementia (VD) Method: A cross-sectiona l investigation was done in 32 pat ients with VD and 26 normal control All of them were tested with MMSE, ADL (ac t ivity of daily life), DS (digit span), and HAMD Results: (1) M MSE result, compared with control, patient's time orientation (244?119/47 3?0 60, t=915, p

Objective: To study the influence of PSD (post-stroke depression) on early restore Method: 67 patients with acute stroke were evaluated with HAMD and NFA (neurological function assessment) They were followed for 6 months after discharge Results:The rate of PSD was 37%, most in mild to moderate levels Patients with PSD stayed longer in hospital than those without In follow up, patients with PSD had poor outcome in NFA Conclusion: PSD has negative influence on restore of stroke