Cytochrome P450 reductase(CPR) is a kind of membrane protein which transfer electrons to cytochrome P450s in the system of drug metabolism.The structure,substrate-fuction and gene modulating of CPR is concluded,and the questions of functional mechanism of CPR are discussed in this article.

Neutrophil respiratory burst is like a double-edged sword.On one hand, newborns rely mainly on neutrophil against infection.On the other hand, newborns are succeptible to be damaged by reactive oxygen species.Studies have already suggested that reactive oxygen species have relationship with neonatal diseases, such as sepsis,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,but it still remains controversial.This paper provides an overview of the measurement of neutrophil respiratory burst, and the relationship of neutrophil respiratory burst with neonatal sepsis,as well as with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Objective To investigate the application value of transparent cap assisted colonoscopy one-man operation in a routine examination.Methods 400 outpatient or inpatient patients required colonoscopy were randomly divided into a transparent and non-transparent cap set group,groups were single-person operation method colonoscopy examination,enrolled 200 patients in each group,two cases of abdominal surgery colonoscopy inserted mirror average time detection of polyps,the number of cases of abdominal auxiliary pressing needs and changing position,as well as analysis.Results A transparent and non-transparent cap set cap group,the average time was inserted mirror 263.0s and 345.0s,polyps were detected in 53 and 50,the number of patients required abdominal compressions and assisted changing position were 30 cases and 67 patients with abdominal surgery cases mirror the average time was inserted 202.3s and 434.6s.Conclusion The transparent cap assisted colonoscopy single operation is a practical,safe,effective and efficient way to check the mirror insert.

Objective To determine the efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose and oral iron dextran in renal anemia patients. Methods Sixty renal anemia patients were randomized into two groups:intravenous iron group(IV group, 100 mg iron sucrose twice a week) and oral iron group(oral group, 150 mg iron dextran every day). The changes in hemoglobin (Hb),hematocrit (Hct),serum ferritin (SF),and transferrin saturation (TSAT) were assessed on week 4,8, and 12 after treatment. The maintenance dosages of erythropoietin (EPO) after reaching treatment target and the adverse events were also observed. Results Hb increased after treatment in IV group [(79.87 ± 13.19) g/L to (106.11 ± 12.38) g/L] and oral group [(85.41 ± 11.49) g/L to (94.68 ± 10.06) g/L],and compared with that before treatment, there was significant difference in each group(P< 0.01 ). Also significant difference showed in Hb levels after treatment between two groups(P< 0.01 ). SF and TSAT levels were higher after treatment in IV group than those in oral group (P < 0.01 ). The adverse event was lower in IV group (0) than that in oral group (16.7%,5/30).Conclusions Oral iron dextran which has more adverse events and poor efficacy in curing anemia, can not correct anemia ideally. Meanwhile intravenous iron sucrose has positive effects on renal anemia with low adverse events, and it can be used as a long term iron supplementation in hemodialysis patients.

Objective To evaluate the independent effect of premorbid statins on incident ischemic stroke severity and outcome at discharge.Methods We included consecutive patients with ischemic stroke and recorded demographic data,vascular risk factors,Oxfordshire Classification,the method of treatment National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score,previous statins treatment,and outcome discharge.We analyzed the data using univariate methods and a logistic regression with the dependent variable of good outcome(Barthel Index,BI 95 to 100).Results A total of 185 individuals met study criteria:57 patients were on statins agents prior to admission and 128 were on no statins.Pretreatment with statins was associated with lower presenting median NIHSS(6.0 vs 13.0,P

BACKGROUND: In the investigation of promoting fracture healing, exogenous growth factor is very instable, expensive and inaptitude to extend generally, so how to promote the expression of endogenous growth factor effectively is worthy of further studies. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Shenggu injection(SGI) on the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in fracture healing. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at the Orthopaedic laborary, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology between July 2007 and August 2008. MATERIALS: Sixty clean male SD rats aged 3 months were enrolled. The components of 1 g/L SGI were angelica sinensis, ground beetle, barrenwort, etc., provided by Hubei TCM hospital. METHODS: After the tibial bone fracture model was established, the SD rats were divided into two groups with 30 rats in each group, experimental group and control group. The experimental group was injected with SGI at the bone stumps, the other group was injected with the same volume of saline. This was carried once every 2 days with 0.2 mL once. Five SD rats of each group were executed to get bony callus at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th weeks after operation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The methods of immunohistochemistry were used to detect the protein expression level and differences of bFGF and VEGF in the callus tissue during different periods of fracture healing. RESULTS: The immunohistochemistry findings showed that the expression levels of bFGF and VEGF in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group in each period. CONCLUSION: SGI can improve the expression levels of bFGF and VEGF in callus tissue during fracture healing, which is maybe one of the mechanisms of SGI to promote the healing of fracture.

OBJECTIVE To discuss effective methods of nosocomial infection management in disinfection supply division to control the nosocomial infection and improve quality of medical care.METHODS We established the overall arrangement of disinfection supply to strenthen the cleaning,packing and sterilization management for the recycled medical instruments,storage and distribution of the aseptic products,as well as the occupational exposure and protection among the staff in there,to establish the effective nosocomial infection management organization in whole hospital,particularly in disinfection supply division,to study technology of hospital infection,and to enhance the consciousness in control of nosocomial infection.RESULTS The medical safety was improved and nosocomial infection was controlled effectively.CONCLUSIONS The scientific management in disinfection supply division,is the main path way to control nosocomial infection.

Objective:To study the expression of integrin ?_5,?_3 in eutopic endometrium and ectopic endometrium of endometriosis. Methods:Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method was utilized to detect and quantitate integrin ?_5,?_3 mRNA expression levels in eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues from 18 patients with endometriosis and the endometrial tissues from 18 non-endometriosis women.Serum concentration of estradiol(E_2),progesterone(P) and CA125 were measured by radioimmunoassay.AFS-r marking was used to describe the state of pelvic cavity during operation. Results:Various levels of positive expression of integrin subunits ?_5,?_3 were shown in both eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues of endometriosis and the endometrium of non-endometriosis.The expressions of integrin ?_5 mRNA in eutopic endometrium,ectopic endometrium of endometriosis group and endometrium of control group were as 0.773?0.113,1.077?0.032,0.924?0.120,respectively.(Among) the groups,the differences were statistically significant(P0.05).Both CA125 level and AFS-r were positively correlated with integrin ?_5,?_3(P

Effects of vitamin A on antimetastatic activity of alveolar M 0 were studied. The results were as follows:1 . SD rats recieved vitamin A were killed and their alveolar M0 were harvested by lavage and cocultured with prelabelled B16 Melanoma cells for 48h in proportion of 20 : 1 , the average precentage of cytotoxity were 34.28%;2 . Zymosan-C3b rosette formation in SD rats treated with vitamin A was significantly increased. The average rosette forming rate was 43.00%. It was markdly higher than those of controls ( P

Malnutrition has traditionally been regarded as a global concern,especially in the developing countries. Malnutrition seems more prevalent in hospitalized patients, with potentially serious consequences, it may increase susceptibility to infection and mortality and lengthen the stays in hospital,which lead to additional health care costs. Along with the development of the screening tools,it plays an increasingly important role in the nutritional problems in adults. Recently several nutritional screening tools have been applied in pediatrics,but the lack of the universal acceptable tools is still a problem demanding prompt solution. This review aims to compare the nutritional screening tools that are currently available in clinic and their drawbacks in daily work.