Being regarded as one kind of specialized tissue macrophages in central nervous system,microglia plays a key role in maintenance of retinal integrity and function.However,recent investigations have revealed that microglia has migrated in the brain before the vascular network formation.Besides their role of immunological modulation in inflammation response,it also has strong effects on shaping vasculature during development and remolding vessels in pathological processes.Microglia contact with the angiogenic vessel,promoting the anastomoses of sprouts.Interestingly,reciprocal interactions between microglia and endothelial cells have been a hot topic.Secreted exosomes can offer a vehicle for the exchange of information between cells engaged in angiogenesis.Notch signaling also plays an important role in cell-to-cell communication during angiogenesis.The participation of microglia in retinal blood vessel formation has received little attention to date.Additional basic studies may ultimately clarify the significance of this cell and provide valuable therapeutic insight into treatment for retinal pathological neovascularization.In this review,we focued on the origin of microglia and summarize how the crosstalk between microglia and endothelial cells modulate the physical development of vessel and angiogenesis.

Objective To investigate the effect of early acupuncture intervention combined with functional training on quality of life for patients with stroke.Methods 110 stroke patients were randomly divided into the observation group and control group,55 cases in each group.The control group received conventional hospital treatment and related functions training,while the observation group was given early acupuncture interventions and related treatment on the basis of the control group.All the patients were treated for 1 month.At the end of treatment and 3 months after discharge,their quality of life score (SS-QOL) were compared.Results The SS-QOL scores showed significant improvement in all aspects than before treatment,the differences were statistically significant(control group t =6.009,7.126,observation group t =6.140,7.092,all P ＜0.05).The improvement of SS-QOL scores of the observation group was significantly better than the control group (t =5.448,7.036,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Early acupuncture intervention combined with functional training can significantly improve the day-to-day quality of life,and it is worth further promoted in clinical.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Suanzaoren decoction on learning and memory ability and brain neurotransmit-ters content of senile insomnia model rats. METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,positive group [Estazolam tablet,2 × 10-3 g/(kg·d)] and Suanzaoren decoction low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose groups [5,10,15 g/(kg·d)],with 10 rats in each group. Except for normal group,those groups were given D-galactose ih on the back+sleep depriva-tion to induce senile insomnia model. 6 weeks after modeling,treatment groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically for one week,and normal group and model group were given normal saline intragastrically. The escape latency,the percentage of swimming time and the time of original platform crossing were observed,and the contents of Glu and GABA in cerebral tissue were determined as well as the contents of IL-1β and 5-HT in hypothalamus. RESULTS:Compared with normal group,escape la-tency of rats prolonged and the contents of IL-1β and 5-HT in hypothalamus decreased,while the percentage of swimming time of original platform quadirant,the time of original platform crossing and the contents of Glu and GABA in cerebral tissue increased (P<0.05). Compared with model group,above index of treatment groups improved significantly,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Compared with positive group,the changes of above index were more significant in Suanzaoren decoction middle-dose and high-dose groups,with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Suanzaoren decoction could markedly enhance the learning and memory ability of senile insomnia model rats,and reduce neurotransmitters content and relieve the delayed neuronal damage which led by Glu and GABA.

Heart failure is becoming an increasingly common and significant problem in the field of pediatric cardiology,β-blockers as one of the most important cardiovascular drags in the pharmacopoeia,can not only obviously relieve symptoms of severe heart failure,but also reduce cardiovascular events and allcause mortality significantly,the efficacy is effective and high security.This article reviewed β-blockers in the treatment of children heart failure mechanism,the clinical application evaluation,the basic principles and relevant issues in use process,the appropriate choice and usage according to the clinical indications.

Expanded understanding of the ocular surface and tear film interaction contributes to the pathophysiology of dry eye.Maintenance of tear film requires an intricate nervous and hormonal regulation.The changes in tear film,neurogenic inflammation and sex hormone are key factors in dry eye pathogenesis.

Gaucher disease is a commonly inherited, autosomtic recessive lysosomal storage disorder, due to the mutation of structure gene encoding beta-glucocerebrosidase (GC) resulted in the deficiency of the enzyme. Besides enzyme replacement, there is no good ways to treat it. This review briefly introduced the phenotypes, pathologic physiology and general therapy to the disease, strongly stress the genetherapy. From animals to human, from in vitro to in vivo, the review detaily descibe the rapid progress made in genetherapy of Gaucher disease.

Objective: To analyze the factors influencing the willingness of receiving colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and barriers of receiving colonoscopy examination among outpatients. Methods: On-site survey with self-designed colonoscopy questionnaires was performed among consecutive outpatients in a comprehensive hospital. The relationship of the general characteristics of eligible participants with the willingness to receive CRC screening was investigated. The barriers of receiving colonoscopy examination were also investigated. Results: We found that 78.4% (439/560) of the outpatients were willing to receive CRC screening. Female sex (P=0.005), low monthly income of the family (P=0.013), and lack of knowledge on CRC (P=0.000) were associated with a low willingness. The main barriers of receiving colonoscopy examination included lack of recommendations from physicians, fear of pain, and fear of complications caused by the examination. Conclusion: Sex, monthly income of the family, and knowledge on CRC can influence the willingness of outpatients to receive CRC screening; painless colonoscopy may help to promote CRC screening.

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) with mass and pancreatic cancer are difficult to identify from the Clinical performance. Imaging methods in the diagnosis of the CP with mass play an important role, which is very helpful for the indications for surgery of the hands, of resectable pancreatic head tumor, and surgical options, as well as estimates of the difficulty of the surgery. At present, we have taken the CP with mass as a precancerous lesion of pancreatic cancer. Surgical strategy in CP with mass has been directed at the pancreatic head with a variety of tactics including pancreatoduodenectomy ( Whipple procedure with or without pylorus preservation) and partial resection of the pancreatic duct drainage( Frey operation, Beger operation ). Once the diagnosis of the CP with mass was confirmed surgical treatment should be performed by pancreatoduodenectomy, which by not only the pancreatic head mass was resected, the bile ducts and pancreatic ducts and obstruction of the duodenum were lifted, but also the potential causes of pancreatic cancer were ruled out. Pancreatoduodenectomy has great risk for the big mass of pancreatic head, but the partial head resection can be accomplished with relative safety.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture on elderly depression. Methods A total of 63 patients were designated into a treatment group and a control group by using a random number table. Acupuncture on Ge-shu point and Shu-points of Five-Zangs were administrated for the treatment group, and Fluoxetine was used for the control group at a dosage of 20 mg, once daily. The treatment of both groups lasted for 6 weeks. Results The curative effect of acupuncture was sound on relieving depression and the scores of HAMD in the treatment group exhibited a decreasing trend. There was no statically significant difference between the two groups on the total effective rate and the cure rate. Conclusion It has a good anti-depression result to needle Shu-points of Five-Zangs.

Objective To understand brucellosis infective status of Shapotou District, Zhongwei City of Ningxia. Methods The methods of stratified random sampling of epidemiological survey were used among high risk groups in 2008, who underwent erythromycin red plate cohesion test(RBDT) and test-tube agglutination test (SAT), in accordance with the diagnostic criteria for confirming cases of brucellosis(GB 15988-1995). Results Totally an occupational group of 2480 brucellosis in 10 townships were investigated, and 604 sera were tested. Tweenty eight cases were infected, the infective rate was 4.64%(28/604), 15 cases were diagnosed as brucellosis patients, prevalence rate was 2.48% (15/604); cattle attendants had the highest infection rate of 6.45% (26/403). Conclusions Brucellosis epidemic in Shapotou District, Zhongwei City of Ningxia, and it is place related to vocation.