Objective To analyze risk factor of bile duct injury (BDI) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods A retrospective population-based cohort study was carried out on 13878 patients undergoing LC from Apr 1994 to Dec 2003. Patients were divided into BDI group and non-BDI group. Factors with statistically significant differences between groups in anivariable analysis were selected to construct a multivariate logistic regression mode. Result Among 13878 LC procedures 38 BDI (0.27%) were identified. Factors which were of significant differences between groups in anivariable analysis includ diameter of common bile duct(?~2=5.92, P

Objective To study the relationship between angiogenesis and pathology and prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to determine micro-vessel density (MVD) and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and its receptor Flk-1/KDR in 50 cholangiocarcinoma cases. Results were compared with pathological and follow-up parameters. Results MVD in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and para-tumor tissues (34.04 ? 11.08, 32.80 ?9.28) were higher than normal bile duct tissues ( 11. 67 ? 4. 64) ( P

Objective: To investigate anxiety and associated factors among college students returned to school during COVID-19 epidemic, and to provide reference for anxiety relief and school life adaptation to help college students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4 750 students selected from Nanjing Medical University, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from 2 May to 9 May, 2020. Zung Anxiety Self-rating Scale (SAS) was used to measure anxiety status of students. The self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the related factors. Results: During COVID-19 epidemic situation ,20.0% college students returned to school had mild anxiety, 6.5% had moderate or severe anxiety. College students unable to adapt to campus closed-off management with a higher anxiety detection rate of 52.9%.Students with heavy study burden whose offline study time per day ≥6 hours have a higher anxiety detection rate of 36.0%. Students never exercising had a higher anxiety detection rate of 43.5%. The detection rate of anxiety not participating in online sports and sports activites was 41.6%. 40.7% students were detected of anxiey because of loneliness caused by not being able to meet friends. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the adaptation to the campus closed-off management, satisfaction with the campus disinfection, participation in group activities, the time of offline study per day, the time of online study per day, tension about the exams, regular routine, exercise, participation in online activities were the influencing factors related to anxiety. Conclusion During COVID-19 epidemic some of college students exhibit anxiety when back to school life, which might be associated with campus management, study burden, exercise and regular routine, school activities and so on. Schools should take measures to relieve students anxiety while epidemic prevention.

Objective To evaluate the maneuvre of curettage and aspiration(LTCA) in laparoscopic hepatectomy. MethodsWe used Peng′s multifunctional operative dissector(PMOD) to perform laparoscopic liver transection by maneuvre of curettage and aspiration in 20 cases undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy. Results Procedures were all successful. The recovery was uneventful without any complications. Mean operative time was 105 minutes, the average bleeding volume was 420 ml, the largest excised sample size was 10 cm?9 cm?7 cm. All patients were discharged within one week. ConclusionsThe new technique-LTCA can be used in laparoscopic hepatectomy, it has the advantages of clear anatomy, good exposure of canal construction, rapid liver transection, satisfactory hemostasis and clear operative field.

In order to prepare three-dimensional scaffolds with "ideal pore-structure" for tissue engineering, a novel water dissoluble adhesive was developed, and the property of adhesive as well as influence of experimental condition on bonded porogen assembly was investigated. Experimental results showed that it was possible to fabricate large dimensional porogen assembly with homogenous and controllable bonding extent by this adhesive, and a large dimensional (45 mm in diameter, 55mm in thickness) biodegradable poly(D,L-lactic acid)(PDLLA) scaffold resulting from bonded porogen was formed. The scaffolds with high porosity as well as with controllable and homogeneous inner-structure can be easily formed. In addition, pore size of scaffolds as well as diameter of openings can be controlled by adjusting the porogen size and bonding degree in bonded porogen assembly.
Adhesives ; chemistry ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Polyesters ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Porosity ; Solubility ; Surface Properties ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry

[Objective]To excavate the medical affairs in the letters of ZHAO Mengfu,an artist in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.[Methods]Based on the method of historical literature research and text analysis,this paper sorts the letters according to the chronological order by referring to the existing documents,summarizes the contents of traditional Chinese medicine and analyzes the corresponding causes,prescriptions and curative effects of ZHAO Mengfu's different diseases,as well as the social medical treatment at that time.Through the interpersonal and personal exchanges between ZHAO Mengfu and his relatives and friends recorded in the letters,this paper explores the literates and rulers'views on medicine in the Song and Yuan dynasties.[Results]ZHAO Mengfu had many illnesses during his life,and he had excellent medical quality.He could not only diagnose and prescribe prescriptions by himself according to the symptoms of the disease,but also give medication suggestions to his relatives and friends.In addition,he exchanged prescriptions with his relatives and friends,and gave each other healthy medicine and food.It proved that the people of Song and Yuan Dynasties would prevent and treat diseases through food therapy,and it showed the social custom of the Confucian scholarian-bureaucrats in practicing medicine and the political attitude of the rulers to pay attention to medicine.[Conclusion]ZHAO Mengfu's letters,as real historical materials,provide new insights into the study of traditional Chinese medicine culture.

Background Manganese is an essential trace element for the human body and maintains normal development of many organs including the brain. However, long-term exposure to a high manganese environment or excessive manganese intake will lead to manganese poisoning and result in neurological diseases, and currently no effective treatment plan is available. Objective To develop an animal model for subchronic manganese exposure and assess the impact of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. alkaloids (DNLA) on manganese associated behavioral and hippocampal effects in rats. Methods Fifty male SPF SD rats were randomly allocated into a control group (0.9% normal saline by intraperitoneal injection), two experimental groups [7.5 mg·kg⁻¹ (low) or 15 mg·kg⁻¹ (high) of MnCl₂·4H₂O by intraperitoneal injection], and two DNLA antagonistic groups [15 mg·kg⁻¹ MnCl₂·4H₂O by intraperitoneal injection then either 20 mg·kg⁻¹ (low) or 40 mg·kg⁻¹ (high) DNLA by oral administration]. All groups of rats were adminaistered 5 d per wek, once a day, for consecutive 13 weeks. Following modeling, neurobehavioral assessments were conducted using open field, Morris water maze, and Y maze. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was utilized to measure manganese levels in the blood and brain tissues of the rats, and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was employed to examine neuronal morphological changes in the hippocampal tissues of the rats. Results The neurobehavioral tests revealed that the manganese-exposed rats exhibited decreased total movement distance, prolonged central zone dwelling time, and reduced motor activity in the open field test, indicating tendencies toward depression and anxiety (P<0.05). In the Y-maze test, the mean exploration distance in the novel arm, the number of entries into the novel arm, and the time spent in the novel arm of the managanses-exposed rats were all reduced, while the latency period increased, suggesting impaired spatial exploration and learning-memory functions (P<0.05). In the Morris water maze navigation test, the escape latency was significantly longer in the manganese-exposed rats compared to the control group, and the number of platform crossings decreased in the spatial probe test, indicating a significant decline in spatial learning and memory (P<0.05). The ICP-MS analysis showed elevated manganese concentrations in the blood and hippocampus of the exposed rats (P<0.05), and the histopathological observation revealed hippocampal damage. Following the DNLA intervention, the manganese-exposed rats showed increased total movement distance and reduced central zone dwelling time in the open field test (P<0.05). In the Y-maze test, the mean exploration distance in the novel arm, the number of entries into the novel arm, and the time spent in the novel arm increased, while the latency period decreased, suggesting alleviation of anxiety and improved exploratory behavior (P<0.05). In the Morris water maze test, the escape latency gradually shortened, and both the number of platform crossings and the percentage of time spent in the target quadrant increased, indicating improved spatial learning and memory (P<0.05). Additionally, the manganese levels in the blood and hippocampus decreased (P<0.05), and the hippocampal pathological changes were partially restored. Conclusion DNLA demonstrates the ability to counteract multiple neurotoxic effects following the elevation of manganese levels in the blood and hippocampal tissues of rats induced by subchronic manganese exposure. Specifically, DNLA is shown to ameliorate the behavioral alterations observed in rats after manganese exposure, and mitigate the hippocampal damage in manganese-exposed rats.