Objective To study the effects of PHLDA2 overexpression on radiosensitivity and the underlying mechanisms in human osteosarcoma U2OS cell line.Methods To obtain the subclone,cells were exposed to G418 persistently after transfection of pEGFP-C3-PHLDA2 vector into U2OS cells.Three groups of blank control (U2OS),negative control (U2OS-neo) and transfected group (U2OS-PHLDA2) were used.The expression of PHLDA2 in the subclone cells was determined by Western blot.After exposure to X-ray irradiation,cellular growth activity and survival were detected by CKK-8 assay and colony formation assay,respectively.The cell apoptosis was measured by the Annexin V/PI staining,and the apoptotic protein was analyzed by Western blot.The in-vivo effects of PHLDA2 on irradiation were evaluated by xenografts.Results Compared with U2OS group and U2OS-neogroup,the sabclone cells were successfully obtained by G418 selection,in which the expression of PHLDA2 was upregulated(t =13.73,16.28,P ＜ 0.05).In vitro,PHLDA2 overexpression significantly enhanced the response to radiation in U2OS cells with a reduction of colony survival and proliferation with the increase of doses (t =5.00-8.23,P ＜0.05;t =-2.52--1.26,P ＜ 0.05).In vivo,PHLDA2-upregulated xenografts had more radiosensitivity than control groups with a significant inhibition of tumor growth (t =3.27,2.91,P ＜ 0.05).After 8 Gy irradiation,the apoptosis was significantly increased (t =10.11,9.61,P ＜ 0.05),accompanied with the activation of Caspased-3 in U2OS-PHLDA2 cells,which was presented by upregulation of cleaved Caspase-3 (t =11.26,10.72,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Exogenetic expression of PHLDA2 could significantly enhance the radiosensitivity of human osteosarcoma cells,which may be attributed to the activation of Caspase-3 that increases irradiation-induced apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at affected-limb gallbladder meridian points and its effect on the recovery of lower limb function in treating hemiplegia patients with cerebral infarction. Methods Sixty hemiplegia patients with cerebral infarction were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 30 cases each. The treatment group received acupuncture at the gallbladder meridian points of the affected-side lower limb as main therapy and the control group, conventional acupuncture. After two courses of treatment, a pre-/post-treatment change in the Lower Extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment score was observed in the two groups and post-treatment walking paces, pace lengths and incidences of strephenopodia were compared between the two groups.Results There was a statistically significant pre-/post-treatment difference in the Lower Extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment score in the two groups (P<0.01). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in the Lower Extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment score between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in walking pace, pace length and the incidence of strephenopodia between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture at affected-limb gallbladder meridian points can improve lower limb function and reduce the incidence of strephenopodia in hemiplegia patients with cerebral infarction.

The etiology of melasma is complicated. Although there are many treatment methods for melasma at present, no definite or satisfactory efficacy has been achieved. In recent years, good therapeutic outcomes have been achieved in the treatment of melasma with intense pulsed light. This review summarizes the progress in the treatment of melasma with intense pulsed light alone or in combination with various lasers, external drugs and systemic drugs in recent years.

OBJECTIVE To study the neuroprotective effects of Shenzao jianna o oral liquid （SZJN）on Alzheimer ’s disease （AD）model mice and its mechanism. METHODS The mice were randomly divided into sham operation group ，model group ， Donepezil hydrochloride tablet group （0.65 mg/kg），SZJN low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （0.3，1.5 and 7.5 g/kg， calculated by crude drug quantity ），with 12 mice in each group ，half male and half female. Each group was given relevant medicine（intragastric administration of water at constant volume in sham operation group and model group ），twice a day ，for consecutive 28 d. On the 15th day of administration ，intracerebroventricular injection of β-amyloid 1-42（Aβ1-42）combined with intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine hydrobromide were used to induce AD model. Morris water maze was used to detect the learning and memory ability of mice. HE staining and Nissl staining were used to evaluate the pathological changes of brain tissue in mice. The levels of MDA and SOD in brain tissue of mice were detected. The phosphorylation level of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein （CREB） and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） in hippocampal tissues were detected by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with sham operation group ，the escape latency of the model group was significantly prolonged ，and the number of crossing the platform and the percentage of residence time in the target quadrant were significantly reduced （P＜0.01）. The level of SOD in brain tissue ，the phosphorylation level of CREB and the expression level of BDNF in hippocampus decreased significantly （P＜0.01），while the level of MDA increased significantly （P＜ 0.01）. In hippocampal CA 1 area and cortical tissue ，nerve cells showed significantly decreased number ，the disordered arrangement and large gap ；the shape of nucleus was irregular and deeply stained ，and Nissl body was blurred ，loosely arranged and the number decreased. Compared with model group ，the escape latency of mice in each dose group of SZJN was significantly shortened ，and the times of crossing the platform and the percentage of residence time in the target quadrant were significantly jing- increased（P＜0.01）. Above indexes of brain tissue in mice were reversed sig nificantly in SZJN high-dose group （P＜0.01），and pathological damage of brain tiss ue was improved. CONCLUSIONS SZJN can significantly improve the learning and memory ability of AD model mice ，and alleviate the pathological injury and oxidative stress of brain tissue ，which may be related to the activation of CREB/BDNF signaling pathway.