Background and Aims:In the era of minimally invasive surgery,the role of pancreatic tumor enucleation(PTE)in treating benign or low-grade malignant tumors is gaining attention.The Da Vinci robot offers advantages such as enhanced visualization and flexible instrument manipulation,which can ensure the safe implementation of PTE.However,whether robotic pancreatic tumor excision(RPTE)is superior to laparoscopic pancreatic tumor enucleation(LPTE)remains undetermined.Therefore,this study was performed to explore this aspect. Methods:The clinical data of 38 patients who underwent surgical treatment for benign or low-grade malignant tumors in the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from April 2020 to May 2024 were collected.Among them,18 cases underwent RPTE(RPTE group),and 20 cases underwent LPTE(LPTE group).Relevant clinical variables were compared between the two groups,and subgroup comparisons were further conducted for patients with tumors in the head and neck/body/tail of the pancreas. Results:The average operative time for the entire group was 125 min,with an average intraoperative blood loss of 67.89 mL,and no C-grade pancreatic fistula occurred.The incidence rates of B-grade pancreatic fistula,postoperative bleeding,and readmission were 39.5％,21.1％,and 18.4％,respectively,with an average postoperative hospital stay of 11.44 d.Overall,the RPTE group had shorter operative time and less intraoperative blood loss than the LPTE group(both P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding the incidence of B-grade pancreatic fistula,intraoperative bleeding,readmission rate,and postoperative hospital stay(all P＞0.05).Subgroup analysis showed that for patients with head tumors,the RPTE group had shorter operative time,less intraoperative blood loss,and a lower incidence of postoperative bleeding than the LPTE group(all P＜0.05).However,the differences in the incidence of B-grade pancreatic fistula,readmission rate,and postoperative hospital stay were not statistically significant(all P＞0.05).In patients with neck/body/tail tumors,the RPTE group also had shorter operative time and less intraoperative blood loss(both P＜0.05),but the differences in incidence of B-grade pancreatic fistula,incidence of postoperative bleeding,readmission rate,and postoperative hospital stay were not statistically significant(all P＞0.05). Conclusion:Minimally invasive PTE for the treatment of benign or low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors is safe.Compared to LPTE,RPTE can significantly reduce operative time and intraoperative blood loss and shows certain advantages in reducing postoperative complications,particularly for patients with head tumors.However,the conclusion of this study needs to be confirmed by larger prospective studies.

BACKGROUND: Current guidelines recommend hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening in high-risk populations. However, the ideal HCC screening interval and screening modality have not been determined. This study aimed to compare the screening efficacy among different modalities with various intervals. METHODS: PubMed and other nine databases were searched through June 30, 2021. Binary outcomes were pooled using risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Survival rates were also pooled using RR with 95% CIs because most eligible studies only provided the number of survival patients instead of hazard ratio. RESULTS: In all, 13 studies were included. Two random controlled trials (RCTs) and six cohort studies compared screening intervals for ultrasonography (US) screening and found no significant differences between shorter (3- or 4-month) and longer (6- or 12-month) screening intervals in terms of early HCC proportion, HCC significant mortality, 1-year survival rate; screening at 6-month interval significantly increased the proportion of early HCC (RR = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-1.26) and prolonged the 5-year survival rate (RR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07-1.82) relative to the 12-month interval results. Three other RCTs and two cohort studies compared different screening modalities in cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B, which indicated no statistical differences in the proportion of early HCC (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.40-1.96) and HCC mortality (RR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.23-2.09) between the biannual US and annual computed tomography (CT screening). Biannual US screening showed a lower proportion of early HCC than biannual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (RR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37-0.97) and biannual US combined with annual CT (RR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.13-1.51) screening. The proportion of early HCC in the contrast-enhanced US group was slightly higher than that in the B-mode US (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00-1.23) group. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence suggests that 6 months may be the best HCC screening interval for US screening. The effectiveness of CT and MRI is better than US during same screening intervals. However, MRI and CT are more expensive than US, and CT also can increase the risk of radiation exposure. The selection of CT or MRI instead of US should be carefully considered. REGISTRATION No. CRD42020148258 at PROSPERO website ( https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ).
Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology* ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology* ; Liver Cirrhosis/complications* ; Risk Factors ; Cohort Studies

Objective To analyze and study the epidemic and clinical characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Southern Anhui Province during 2010-2020. Methods The epidemiological and clinical data of HFRS patients hospitalized in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College from 2010 to 2020 were collected and statistically analyzed. Results The temporal distribution of HFRS epidemic in Southern Anhui Province showed that HFRS were more frequent during spring and summer, and HFRS morbidity was highest in June. The population distribution characteristics showed that the ratio of male to female patients was 4.7:1. The main age group of patients was 40-50 years old (50 cases, 33.8%), and a majority of patients were farmers (87 cases, 58.78). Analysis of clinical characteristics showed that fever, backache, anorexia and hypodynamia, diarrhea, emesis and headache were the main frequent symptoms of HFRS patients, and 88.52% of HFRS patients were cured or improved. Conclusion The high incidence period of HFRS is spring and summer in Southern Anhui Province from 2010-2020. HFRS patients in Southern Anhui Province have typical clinical symptoms and good prognosis.

Objective:To analyze molecular genetic characteristics of standard strains for functional antibody detection of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, and provide the foundation for clinical research of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Methods:The 24 strains for functional antibody detection of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine were detected by PCR amplification and sequencing using standard strain 16S rRNA gene fragment, and the molecular typing of the related strains was performed by multi locus sequence analysis (MLST) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results:The result of 16S rRNA gene sequence alignment showed that the similarity between the gene sequences of the 24 strains and that of NCTC 7465 (LN831051) ranged from 98.35% to 99.86%, and the base difference was 2-23 bp. Multi locus sequence analysis showed that the ST types of 24 standard strains were different. PFGE analysis showed that 24 standard strains had good isolation effect from DNA fragments of 100 kb-1 000 kb, and each serotype had its own characteristic bands (12-15 fragments).Conclusions:This study analyzed the molecular genetic characteristics of the standard strains for the detection of pneumococcal functional antibodies for the first time, and may provide a reference for the quality control method of the standard strains for the subsequent detection of pneumococcal functional antibodies.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of over-expression of miR-144 on invasion of SMMC-7721 cells and Toll-like receptor (TLR)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. METHODS: The expressions of miR-144 was examined in normal human hepatocyte line HL-7702 and hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC-7721 using realtime quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). SMMC-7721 cells were divided into blank group, miR-144 NC group and miR-144 mimics group, and the expressions of miR-144 in each group were detected with qRT-PCR. Cell count kit-8 (CCK8) was used to assess the survival of SMMC-7721 cells, and the cell invasion was evaluated using Transwell assay. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and TLR/MyD88 pathway-related proteins in the cells were detected with Western blotting; the effect of 40 μ mol/L MyD88 inhibitor on TLR/MyD88 pathway-related proteins was examined in SMMC-7721 cells. RESULTS: Compared with normal human hepatocytes, SMMC-7721 cells expressed a significantly lower level of miR-144 ( < 0.05). CCK-8 assay showed that test showed that miR-144 over-expression significantly decreased the cell survival rate ( < 0.05), lowered the number of invasive cells, and decreased the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in SMMC-7721 cells ( < 0.05). The expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), MyD88, phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B (pNF-κB) and NF-κB protein decreased significantly in miR-144 mimics group and TJ-M2010-2 group ( < 0.05) and were comparable between the two groups ( > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of miR-144 decreases SMMC-7721 cell survival and invasion by inhibiting TLR/MyD88 pathway.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; MicroRNAs ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; NF-kappa B ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptors

Objective: To determine whether T1 mapping could monitor the dynamic changes of injury in myocardial infarction (MI) and be histologically validated. Materials and Methods: In 22 pigs, MI was induced by ligating the left anterior descending artery and they underwent serial cardiovascular magnetic resonance examinations with modified Look-Locker inversion T1 mapping and extracellular volume (ECV) computation in acute (within 24 hours, n = 22), subacute (7 days, n = 13), and chronic (3 months, n = 7) phases of MI. Masson’s trichrome staining was performed for histological ECV calculation. Myocardial native T1 and ECV were obtained by region of interest measurement in infarcted, peri-infarct, and remote myocardium. Results: Native T1 and ECV in peri-infarct myocardium differed from remote myocardium in acute (1181 ± 62 ms vs. 1113 ± 64 ms, p = 0.002; 24 ± 4% vs. 19 ± 4%, p = 0.031) and subacute phases (1264 ± 41 ms vs. 1171 ± 56 ms, p < 0.001; 27 ± 4% vs. 22 ± 2%, p = 0.009) but not in chronic phase (1157 ± 57 ms vs. 1120 ± 54 ms, p = 0.934; 23 ± 2% vs. 20 ± 1%, p = 0.109). From acute to chronic MI, infarcted native T1 peaked in subacute phase (1275 ± 63 ms vs. 1637 ± 123 ms vs. 1471 ± 98 ms, p < 0.001), while ECV progressively increased with time (35 ± 7% vs. 46 ± 6% vs. 52 ± 4%,p < 0.001). Native T1 correlated well with histological findings (R2 = 0.65 to 0.89, all p < 0.001) so did ECV (R2 = 0.73 to 0.94, all p < 0.001). Conclusion T1 mapping allows the quantitative assessment of injury in MI and the noninvasive monitoring of tissue injury evolution, which correlates well with histological findings.

Objective:To analyze the drug resistance and molecular epidemiological characteristics of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from pediatric patients. Methods:Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from patients hospitalized in Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital from January 2016 to June 2018 was collected.Vitek-2 Compact automatic microbiological identification and drug sensitivity analysis system was used to identify and test the drug sensitivity of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, and pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence analysis (MLST) were applied to the homology analysis of the strains. Results:A total of 94 clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii were collected, of which 42 strains were isolated from pediatric patients and 52 strains from adult patients.The drug resistance rates of pediatric isolates to Imipenem, and Meropenem and Tigecycline were 7.1%, 7.1% and 0, respectively, and the drug resistance rates of adult isolates to these 3 antibiotics were 67.3%, 54.8%, and 5.5%, respectively.The results of PFGE typing showed that 94 strains were divided into 49 genotypes (X1-X49 type), 52 adult strains were distributed in 22 genotypes, and 42 pediatric strains were distributed in 33 genotypes.The dominant genotype was X23 (21 strains, 22.3%), of which 18 strains(85.7%) were adult isolates and 3 strains (14.3%) were children isolates.The drug resistance rate of X23 genotypes to carbapenems was 100%, which was significantly higher than that of other genotypes.The results of MLST genotyping showed that X23 genotype was ST195, which belonged to clonal complex(CC92) clone. Conclusions:The overall drug resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital was significantly lower than that of adult isolates, and the diversity of genotypes was obvious.The dominant genotypes of the strains belongs to the CC92 clone population, and is the dominant clone strain in many places of our country.

Objective: To determine whether T1 mapping could monitor the dynamic changes of injury in myocardial infarction (MI) and be histologically validated. Materials and Methods: In 22 pigs, MI was induced by ligating the left anterior descending artery and they underwent serial cardiovascular magnetic resonance examinations with modified Look-Locker inversion T1 mapping and extracellular volume (ECV) computation in acute (within 24 hours, n = 22), subacute (7 days, n = 13), and chronic (3 months, n = 7) phases of MI. Masson’s trichrome staining was performed for histological ECV calculation. Myocardial native T1 and ECV were obtained by region of interest measurement in infarcted, peri-infarct, and remote myocardium. Results: Native T1 and ECV in peri-infarct myocardium differed from remote myocardium in acute (1181 ± 62 ms vs. 1113 ± 64 ms, p = 0.002; 24 ± 4% vs. 19 ± 4%, p = 0.031) and subacute phases (1264 ± 41 ms vs. 1171 ± 56 ms, p < 0.001; 27 ± 4% vs. 22 ± 2%, p = 0.009) but not in chronic phase (1157 ± 57 ms vs. 1120 ± 54 ms, p = 0.934; 23 ± 2% vs. 20 ± 1%, p = 0.109). From acute to chronic MI, infarcted native T1 peaked in subacute phase (1275 ± 63 ms vs. 1637 ± 123 ms vs. 1471 ± 98 ms, p < 0.001), while ECV progressively increased with time (35 ± 7% vs. 46 ± 6% vs. 52 ± 4%,p < 0.001). Native T1 correlated well with histological findings (R2 = 0.65 to 0.89, all p < 0.001) so did ECV (R2 = 0.73 to 0.94, all p < 0.001). Conclusion T1 mapping allows the quantitative assessment of injury in MI and the noninvasive monitoring of tissue injury evolution, which correlates well with histological findings.

Objective:The objective of the study was systematically summarized the current status of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening guidelines, and evaluated the HCC screening guidelines according to the authoritative framework of cancer screening guidelines of authoritative institutions, which provided important value for the formulation of HCC screening evidence-based guidelines.Methods:Literature search was conducted in multiple databases from their inception dates to January 3, 2019. In addition, we sought relevant websites further was searched to identify potentially eligible studies. Two reviewers independently screened literature and extracted data. Qualitative description of the basic information, recommendations of HCC screening, source of evidence and update progress of the HCC screening guidelines was conducted.Results:At present, there were no independent HCC screening guidelines worldwide. There were only 17 clinical practice HCC guidelines briefly provided the recommendation of HCC screening. Current HCC screening guidelines only recommended screening for high-risk groups of HCC. All guidelines have identified patients with chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis C and cirrhosis as high-risk groups for HCC. Most of guidelines recommended screening intervals was 6 months. The latest guidelines in Europe and the United States recommended ultrasound for screening HCC. The combination of ultrasound and AFP was recommended in the Asian guidelines. Currently, HCC screening guidelines mainly recommended screening strategies based on factors such as risk of HCC, accuracy of screening modality, screening cost, etc.. The key factors such as screening efficacy and safety have not yet been considered comprehensively. Conclusions:There were no independent HCC screening guidelines worldwide. Only some clinical practice HCC guidelines briefly mentioned HCC screening. Currently, the guidelines only recommend screening for high-risk groups of HCC, with a screening interval of 6 months. There are differences in screening modalities recommended by European, American and Asian guidelines for screening HCC. It is suggested that the relevant institutions should formulate the evidence-based HCC screening guidelines by referring to the theoretical framework of other authoritative other cancer screening guidelines.

Objective:To explore the influence of fermented red ginseng extract (FRGE) in the proliferation of rat glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) and the degradation of extracellular matrix(ECM)under high sugar stimulation, and to clarify the prevention and treatment effects of FRGE on diabetic nephropathy (DN) and the possible mechanism.Methods:The rat GMCs were cultured and divided into normal concentration of D-glucose (NG) group, high concentration of D-glucose (HG) group and high concentration of D-glucose plus different concentrations (3.75, 7.50, 15.00 mg·L-1) of FRGE groups. The proliferation rates of rat GMCs were detected with MTT,and the type Ⅳcollagen(Col Ⅳ) levels in supernatants of the GMCs were detected by ELISA. The protein expressions levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) were detected with Western blotting m ethod.Results:Compared with NG group, the proliferation rate of GMCs in HG group was increased(P<0.01), the Col Ⅳ level was increased(P<0.01),the MMP-2 expression level was decreased, and the TIMP-2 expression level was up-regulated(P<0.01).Compared with HG group, the proliferation rates of GMCs in various FRGE groups were decreased(P<0.01), the Col Ⅳ levels were decreased(P<0.01),the expression levels of TIMP-2 were reduced(P<0.01),and the expression levels of MMP-2 were increased(P<0.01).Conclusion:FRGE can inhibit the proliferation of rat GMCs induced by high sugar and promote the ECM degradation to delay the occurrence and development of DN.