Objective　To study the characteristics of hearing loss caused by local microcirculatory disorders in the cochlea of guinea pigs. Methods　The local microcirculatory disorders in the cochlea basal turn near terminal or in the cupule of cochlea of guinea pigs were induced by photochemical reaction. The morphological changes in the cochlea were observed with light microscopy. The compound action potential N1 (CAPN1) amplitude, latency, threshold shift evoked by short tone burst were recorded by Madsen 2250 system. Results　When the local microcirculatory disorders took place in the cochlea basal turn near terminal, the hearing losses were more remarkable in the high-range frequencies, but with low-range ones to some extent. If the local microcirculatory disorders was induced in the cochlea cupule, the hearing losses were mainly in the low-range frequencies companying with some high-frequency ones. Conclusion　Local microcirculatory disorders in the different parts of the cochlea cause different types of hearing loss in different frequency.

Objective　To study the cochlea microvasculature permeability changes of the inner ear in guinea pigs, so as to clarify the possible role of the cochlea microvasculature permeability changes in the ischemic injury of inner ears. Methods　Modified method of Evans blue fluorescence was used to observe the changes of permeability of the cochlea microvasculature in the animal model of cochlea microcirculatory disorders which was caused by photochemical reaction. CAPN1 threshold was recorded by using Madsen 2 250 to study the hearing loss. Results　The amounts of Evens blue crossing the cochlea microvasculature were (1.709±0.769) and (2.849 ±0.653) μg/per animal 2 and 4 h after the development of cochlea microcirculatory disorder in guinea pigs, respectively (P<0.01); and their hearing loss were （24.44 ±7.27） and （38.33±7.91）dBpeSPL in 2 and 4 h, respectively (P<0.01)． Conclusion　The permeability of the cochlea microvasculature increases along with the duration of cochlea microcirculatory disorder occur and the increase of cochlea microvasculature permeability might be one of the important mechanisms inducing cochlear ischemic lesions.

Objective To study the characteristics of hearing loss caused by local microcirculatory disorders in the cochlea apical part of guinea pigs. Methods The local microcirculatory disorders in the cochlea apical part of guinea pigs were caused by photochemical reaction. Morphological changes were observed by light microscope. The CAP - N1 amplitude, CAP - N1 latency, CAP - N1 threshold shift and CM amplitude which were evoked by short tone burst were recorded by Madsen 2250. Re- sults Histopathological changes showed that microthrombosis in the capillaries of stria vascularies and spiral ligment were located in the apical and third turn of cochlea. The CAP - N1 amplitude, CAP - N1 latency, CAP-N1 threshold shift and CM amplitude showed that the hearing loss was remarkable in the low - range frequencies. Conclusion When the local microcirculatory disor- ders in the cochlear apical part took place, the hearing loss was more marked in the low - range frequencies.

Objective To explore the preventive role of low molecular weight heparin in progressive ischemic stroke.Methods 203 patients with cerebral infarction within 72 hours of the onset were randomly divided into low molecular weight heparin(LMWH) group and routine treatment group.LMWH group was administered subcutaneously twice daily for 5~10 days with 0.4 mL LMWH on the basis of routine treatment. The activities of plasminogen and coagulation factor Ⅹ and the indexes of hemorrheology were measured before and after the treatment, the neurologic function deficits of patients with progressive ischemic stroke were evaluated.Results 11 cases for progressive ischemic stroke were occurred in LMWH group, 23 cases in routine treatment group for progressive ischemic stroke, there was remarkable difference between the two groups( P

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of hyper-fractionated three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) combined with transcatheter arterial chemeembolization (TACE) for heating patients with inoperable primary liver cancer.Methods One hundred and two patients with inoperable advanced primary liver cancer were divided by random digits table method into control group with 49 cases treated with TACE and observation group with 53 cases treated with hyper-fractionated 3DCRT combined with TACE.The short-term efficacy,adverse reaction and survival rate of the 1st,2nd and 3rd year and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) expression after treatment in two groups were observed.Results The complete remission rate,progress rate and total efficiency were 17.0％ (9/53),11.3％ (6/53),73.6％ ( 39/53 ) in observation group,2.0％( 1/49 ),28.6％ (14/49),51.0％(25/49 ) in control group.There were significant differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical significance in adverse reactions between two groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The survival rates of the 1 st,2nd and 3rd year in control group were 51.0％ ( 25/49 ),28.6％(14/49),14.3％(7/49),the median survival time was 15 months;while those in observation groupwere 71.7％(38/53),52.8％(28/53),39.6％(21/53) and 20 months.The survival rates of the 2nd and 3rd year in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group respectively (P ＜0.05 or ＜0.01 ).The rate of patients with no obvious serum AFP protein change between observation group [ 9.8％(4/41) ] and control group [ 31.6％(12/38) ] had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Hyper-fractionated 3DCRT combined with TACE for treating patients with inoperable primary liver cancer has good clinical efficacy,it is worthy of clinical practice.

Objective To study the application value of cytological examination and biopsy for the transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) in the diagnosis of cancer. Methods 101 patients with lung disease by CT that need TBNA examination to make final diagnosis were selected. They were executed with routine ex-amination of TBNA. And then pathologic biopsy and cytological examination were applied on the collection sam-pies. Results 86 patients among the 96 subjects were finally diagnosed by TBNA. So the ratio of final diagno-sis was 94. 5%. And the positive ratios about transbronchial needle aspiration and ring clamp biopsy, also brush biopsy, were 71.4% 、75.8%、 61.5%. Only 5 patients were histodiagnosed by just transbrenchial needle aspiration. Conclusion TBNA plays an important role on the diagnosis of lung tumor with different types. And the combination of three methods can improve the diagnosis pro-gressively.

Objective To summarize the clinical results of treatment of tibia plateau fracture. Methods Forty-six cases of tibial plateau fractures were treated with operation from Oct. 2007 to Oct. 20l2 in General Hospital of PinGdinGshan Coal Industry Groud. AccordinG to Schatzker classification,6 cases were typeⅠ,8 were type Ⅱ,6 were type Ⅲ,4 were type Ⅳ,l2 were type Ⅴ,and l0 were type Ⅵ. Patients in type Ⅰwere treated with open reduction and fixation with screws,other types were treated with open reduction and internal fixation combined with anatomy or lockinG plates and screws. And bone Grafts were used when severe bone defect after reduction. Results Forty-six cases were followed up from 6 months to l8 months( averaGe 8. 5 months ) . AccordinG to the Rasmussen knee score standard,the satisfactory rate was 89. l%( 4l/46 ). Conclusion Different methods of operative treatment of tibia plateau fracture is recommended accordinG to the type of fractures,quality of the bone and the combination of injury. Soft tissue protection should always be kept in mind durinG operation. Delayed operation,Good restitution and fixation,early exercise of joint and late weiGht loadinG are the key factors in the treatment of tibial plateau fracture.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of free highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in adult infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients in Dehong area. Methods Clinical data of 1039 adult HIV/AIDS patients from five counties/cities in Dehong area who initiated HAART during the period from July 1st 2004 to June 30th 2008 were retrospectively analyzed to examine their virological and immunological responses to HAART. Data were analyzed by Chi-squared test or F test. Results Among the 1039 HIV/AIDS cases, 611 were males and 428 were females. The mean age was (37.0±9.9) years and the mean treatment duration was (22. 41 ± 12. 69) months. Complete viral suppression (HIV viral load＜50 copy/mL) was achieved in 781 cases (75. 17%). The percentage of patients achieving complete viral suppression rates were 76.95%, 76.49%, 70.65% and 77. 73% in patients treated for 6-12,13-24, 25-36 and more than 37 months, respectively (x2=8.646, P=0.194). The meanCD4+ T cell counts were (164.93±118.05) × 106/L at baseline, and (330.85±201.73) × 106/L, (356.24±205.49) × 106/L, (434.53±250.65) × 106/L and (396.31±202.62) × 106/L in patients treated for 6- 12, 13-24, 25-36 and more than 37 months, respectively. CD4- T cell counts were significantly different in patients treated for 6-12 and 13-24 months (F= 19. 423 , P＜0. 01). Successful immune reconstitution was achieved in 927 ( 90.88 % ) cases. Seven hundred and seventeen (70.29% ) cases achieved both virological suppression and immunological reconstitution with HAART, whereas 40 cases (3. 92%) failed to achieve both virological and immunological responses. Conclusion HIV/AIDS patients in Dehong area show good virological and immunological responses to HAART.

OBJECTIVE: To purify P0 protein from guinea pig's inner ear by preparative SDS-PAGE and to study the possible role it may play in the etiology of autoimmune inner ear disease. METHOD: A mixture of membraneous proteins of inner ear was separated by preparative SDS-PAGE. The corresponding band at 30,000 was cut and electrically eluted. The protein collected was identified by analytical SDS-PAGE and Western blot assay. A group of 20 guinea pigs were immunized with P0 protein emulsified in complete Freunds adjuvant, another 10 guinea pigs were immunized with complete Freunds adjuvant only as control. The guinea pigs' hearing thresholds, serum IgG level and morphological changes in the inner ear were investigated. The distribution of P0 protein in the cochlear was detected by immunohistochemical technique. RESULT: The purity of the protein was demonstrated by a single band at the 30000 site in SDS-PAGE, which was identified as P0 protein by western blot analysis assay. About 17.5% P0-immunized guinea pigs showed increased hearing thresholds, elevated IgG level (F = 6.48, P<0.01), as well as a decreased number of spiral ganglion cells and inflammatory cell infiltration in the cochlear nerve region. The P0 protein is distributed in the cochlear nerve and spiral ganglion only. CONCLUSION P0 protein from guinea pigs in ner ear can be successfully purified by preparative SDS-PAGE and an animal model of experimental autoimmune inner ear disease induced by P0 protein was successfully established.
Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Guinea Pigs ; Labyrinth Diseases ; immunology ; Myelin P0 Protein ; immunology ; isolation & purification

Objective To understand the current status of receiving no methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and influencing factors in HIV infected injecting drug users (IDUs) in Dehong Dai and Jingpo autonomous prefectures,Yunnan province.Methods Data of survival of IDUs with AIDS in Dehong were collected from "Chinese National Comprehensive HIV/AIDS and Care Information System" in December,2014.Results There were 987 IDUs who should receive MMT,the majority of them were males (94.6％,934/987),aged 35-44 years (53.0％,523/987) and farmers (77.2％,762/987).Among the 987 IDUs,60.2％ (592/987) received no MMT.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being female (OR=2.66,95％CI:1.21-5.87),in Jingpo ethnic group (OR=3.05,95％CI:1.97-4.71) were the major risk factors for receiving no MMT;not being farmers (OR=0.46,95％CI:0.31-0.70),in Dai ethnic group (OR=0.53,95％CI:0.36-0.79),diagnosed HIV infection history ≥ 10 years (OR=0.60,95％CI:0.45-0.81) were the major protective factors for receiving no MMT.The reasons for receiving no MMT included long distance journey (289,48.8％),fear of exposure (124,20.9％),poor daily medication compliance (59,10.0％),fear of side effects (47,7.9％),others (73,12.3％).Conclusions The proportion of receiving no MMT in IDUs with AIDS in Dehong was high.Being female and farmer,in Jingpo ethnic group,low educational level,short diagnosed HIV infection history were influencing factors for receiving no MMT.The effective intervention measures should be taken to further improve MMT coverage according to the different characteristics of the patients.