Objective To assess the effect of Lep d2 from Lepidoglyphus destructor as a vaccine for specific immunothera?py on murine model of asthma. Methods Thirty BALB/c mice(SPF)were randomly categorized into a PBS group,an asthma group,and a Lep d2 SIT group. The mice in the asthma group and Lep d2 SIT group were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection with extracts of dust mites on Days 0,7th,and 14th,while those in the PBS group were injected with PBS. From the 21st day, the asthma group and Lep d2 SIT group exposed to the extracts of dust mites were stimulated by aerosol inhalation for 7 succes?sive days. During the period of the 25th-27th Day,the mice in Lep d2 SIT group were injected intraperitoneally with Lep d2 al?lergen for SIT 30 min before nasal inhalation,whereas the PBS group and asthma group were treated with only PBS. Twenty?four hours after the final inhalation,all the mice were sacrificed,the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids(BALFs)were collected. The lev?els of IFN?γ,IL?5 and IL?13 in the BALF and the supernatant of splenocyte culture solution(SSCS)as well as the levels of spe?cific IgE(sIgE)and sIgG2a in the sera were detected by ELISA. The lung tissues of the mice in the above 3 groups were stained by haematoxylin and eosin(H&E)and observed by a microscope. Results The symptoms of acute asthma attack were observed in the mice of the asthma group and Lep d2 group,but not in the PBS group. The allergic inflammation changes in lung in the Lep d2 SIT group were significantly alleviated compared with those in the asthma group. The concentrations of IFN?γin BALFs and SSCS of the mice in the Lep d2 SIT group were significantly higher than those in the asthma group(both P<0.01),while the levels of IL?5 and IL?13 in the former group were significantly lower than those in the latter group(all P<0.01). Mean?while,the level of sIgE of mice in the Lep d2 SIT group was significantly lower than those in the asthma group(P<0.01),while the level of sIgG2a of mice in the former group was higher than those in the latter group(P<0.01). Conclusion Lep d2 allergen as a vaccine can alleviate the allergic symptoms in the lung of mice effectively after allergen specific immunotherapy.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Jingyuan capsule. METHODS:TLC was used for qualitative iden-tification of Epimedium brevicornu,Pseudostellaria heterophylla and Fallopia multiflora in the preparation. HPLC method was used to determine the content of icariin. The determination was performed on Odyssil C18 column with mobile phase consisting of acetoni-trile-water(28:72,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 270 nm,and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. The contents of polysaccharides was determined by phenol-sulfuric method. RESULTS:TCL spots of E. brevicornu,P. heterophylla and F. multiflora were clear and well separated without interference from negative con-trol. The linear range of icariin ranged 0.027-0.135 mg/mL(r=0.9999);RSDs of precision,stability and repeatability test were all lower than 2.0%. The recoveries were 97.87%-101.94%(RSD=1.47%,n=9). The linear range of glucose ranged 0.056-0.121 mg/mL(r=0.9995),and RSDs of precision,stability and repeatability tests were all lower than 2.0%. The recoveries were 99.37%-100.38%(RSD=0.36%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The established standard can be used for the quality control of Jingyuan capsule.

The commonly used radiological examinations for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) include ultrasound, CT, magnetic resonance imaging and PET, which play important roles in the individualized treatment of GIST through the assistance of the detection, location, diagnose and differential diagnosis, biological behavior and risk evaluation, operation planning, therapeutic effects prediction and follow-up. Standardized predisposal, multi-planar reconstruction and multi-phase enhancement are of great significance in the detection of small GIST lesions. Differences in drainage vessels and enhancement characteristics of tumors are helpful in differentiating small intestinal GIST from pancreatic cancer, neuroendocrine tumors and other abdominal non-GIST tumors. Radiology can provide multiple indicators to qualitatively or quantitatively reflect the risk of GIST. Recent study found that the risk classification of GIST has correlation with necrosis, but not cystic degeneration. The risk stratification of GIST by dual-energy CT showed that CT value and standardized iodine concentration in arterial-venous and delayed phases of high-risk tumors were significantly higher than those of non-high-risk tumors. The correlation between tumor enhancement pattern and risk stratificationwas still controversial. Recently, the rise of radiomics and deep learning techniques provide new direction for risk assessment of GIST. Some studies used various models and parameters to predict the risk classifications of GIST and achieved AUC values above 0.85, and some results were also superior to conventional indicators and radiologists′ subjective judgment in the prediction of exon 11 mutations, mitotic counts and survivals. Recent developments in PET and diffusion-weighted MRI provide more precise functional quantitative indicators for the prediction and early evaluation of the response of GIST to targeted therapy. These studies are constantly expanding our field of exploration, and prompting us to stride toward the goal of individualized treatment of GIST.

Objective:To investigate and compare the clinical effectiveness and efficacy of cannulated screws and suture anchors in assistance of locking plates reinforcement for enhancing fixation in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 121 patients with proximal humeral fractures who were treated by locking plates reinforcement at Hainan Western Central Hospital from January 2018 to January 2020.Based on the intraoperative method of auxiliary reinforcement for the greater tuberosity of humerus,the patients were divided into cannulated screw group(62 cases)and suture anchor group(59 cases).The Disabilities of the Arm,Shoulder and Hand(DASH)score,Constant-Murley Shoulder Score and Neer Shoulder Function(Neer)Score pre surgery,the 3rd month and 12th month after surgery were recorded and compared between the two groups,so as to assess the changes in shoulder function.Results:The time of operation,the intraoperative bleeding volume,the length of stay and the follow up time of cannulated screw group were respectively(94.7±13.4)min,(230.5±39.2)ml,(9.2±1.3)d and(15.3±4.2)months,and the differences of them between two groups were no significant(P>0.05).All patients were satisfactory for the postoperatively proximal humeral fractures and the reduction of greater tuberosity,and there was no acromial impingement.The DASH scores of two groups at the 12th month after surgery were lower than those at the 3rd month after surgery,and the Constant-Murley scores and Neer scores of two groups at the 12th month after surgery were higher than those at the 3rd month after surgery,and the differences of them were significant(t=12.069,11.446,15.553,14.879,16.223,18.209,P<0.05),respectively.There were no statistically significant differences in DASH score,Constant-Murley score and Neer score at 3rd month and 12th month after surgery between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:During surgical treatment for proximal humeral fractures,both cannulated screws and suture anchors can effectively assist to lock plate for strengthening fixation of the greater tuberosity,and maintaining anatomical reduction of the greater tuberosity,and promoting recovery of the function of shoulder joint.

BACKGROUND:Currently,the verification of the precision of personalized bone models is usually performed by methods such as paired t-tests or intraclass correlation coefficient,but such methods often require the production of large batches of models,which do not satisfy the need for immediate use of personalized models. OBJECTIVE:To study the feasibility of establishing the equivalent model to verify the precision of the personalized bone model rapidly. METHODS:Bone CT images of three adults were randomly obtained for reconstruction.3D printing was used to create personalized bone models,and then the personalized bone models were scanned using CT and reconstructed.Mimics was used to compare the reconstructed models of bone CT images with the bone CT images.Geomagic Studio was used to analyze the fitting deviation between the reconstruction model of personalized bone model CT image and the reconstruction model of skeletal CT image.The 3D-printed personalized bone model was measured against the measurement positions and dimensions marked on the reconstruction model of skeletal CT image,and the error was calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)By comparing the reconstructed bone CT image model with the bone CT scan image,the two were compatible in terms of anatomical structure and morphology,and the contours almost overlapped.(2)By fitting bias analysis,the standard bias was 0.176,0.226,and 0.143 mm in order,and all the results were<0.25 mm.(3)By measuring and calculating the model,the mean relative errors were 0.44%,0.21%,and 0.13%,and all the results were within 5%error.(4)The constructed equivalent model was in line with the basic conditions for making personalized bone models.The established equivalent model met the clinical needs and design requirements,and it was feasible to use the method of the equivalent model to verify the precision of the personalized bone model quickly.(5)This method could provide a targeted and rapid way to verify the precision of personalized bone models.It could achieve the goal of providing immediate clinical use without the need to produce large batches of models compared to conventional methods such as paired t-tests or intraclass correlation coefficient.

Objective To compare the survival outcomes of bladder cancer with non-pure urothelium(BCa with n-pU)and bladder cancer with pure urothelium(BCa with pU)treated with robot-assisted radical cystectomy(RARC).Methods Clinical data of BCa patients treated with RARC in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital during Oct.2014 and Mar.2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into n-pU group and pU group.After the baseline differences between groups were balanced with propensity score matching(PSM),the overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival(RFS)curve were plotted using Kaplan-Meier method and compared using Log-rank test.Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed with Cox model to identify the influencing factors of prognosis.Based on the results,a secondary grouping was performed to compare the survival differences between subgroups and further investigate the prognostic factors.Results After PSM,there were 53 pairs of BCa patients.There were no significant differences in the baseline data between the pU and n-pU groups(P＜0.05).Regardless of T stage,there were no significant differences in OS and RFS between the two groups(P=0.217,P=0.109).Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that T stage(＞T2)was a significant risk factor of OS and RFS(P＜0.05).In the early pathological stage(≤T2),there were no significant differences in OS and RFS(P=0.565,P=0.344).In the advanced pathological stage(＞T2),the OS and RFS of n-pU were significantly worse than those of pU patients(P=0.025,P=0.034).Conclusion The prognosis of BCa patients with n-pU who received RARC is significantly correlated with pathological status.At＞T2 stage,n-pU patients have worse prognosis than pU patients in the same pathological status.

Objective:To establish a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) assay for Corynebacterium ( C.) striatum, explore the population structure and evolution relationship of clinical isolates of C. striatum. Methods:Seven housekeeping genes ( gyrA, gyrB, hsp65, sodA, secA1, rpoB, 16S rRNA) were amplified with PCR by using self-designed specific primers and sequenced. Then, the sequences were assembled with software SeqMan. The gene diversity and gene recombination characteristics were evaluated by using software DnaSP 5.10.01 and Splits tree 4.14.2. The phylogenetic tree and the minimum spanning tree were constructed based on the sequence types (ST) characteristics by using software MEGA 7.0.14 and BioNumerics, respectively. In addition, the genetic evolutionary relationship among STs were analyzed by using software eBURST 3.0. Results:The expected amplification products of seven sites selected in all the test strains were obtained. Splits tree showed that the clustering of all C. striatum strains was consistent, suggesting that gene recombination is the potential driving force for the evolution of C. striatum. All of the 344 C.striatum strains were divided into 72 STs by MLST and 85.7% of the strains formed clonal complexes. CC19 was the predominant clonal complex, whereas ST16 in the clonal complex was detected in the most strains. ST had a certain geographic clustering and a certain correlation with the isolation time. Conclusions:C. striatum showed high genetic diversity in China and CC19 was the predominant clonal complex. The MLST assay established in this study can be used for the typing of C. striatum, but further improvement is needed.

AIM:To investigate the effects and mechanism of long noncoding RNA PCED1B antisense strand 1(lncRNA PCED1B-AS1)on the proliferation,migration,invasion and apoptosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)cells.METHODS:Human PTC cells were cultured in vitro.The expression of PCED1B-AS1 and fused in sarcoma(FUS)was measured by RT-qPCR.The effects of knockdown/overexpression of PCED1B-AS1/FUS on the migration and invasion of PTC cells were detected via Transwell assay.The effects of knockdown/overexpression of PCED1B-AS1/FUS on PTC cell proliferation were analysed via CCK-8 and plate colony assay.The effect of knockdown PCED1B-AS1 on PTC cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry.The target binding of PCED1B-AS1 and FUS was determined with bioin-formatics and RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP)experiments.Fluorescence in situ hybridization experiment was performed to verify whether PCED1B-AS1 colocalises with FUS.The mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway-re-lated proteins were detected via Western blot.RESULTS:(1)PCED1B-AS1 expression was significantly higher and FUS expression was significantly lower in PTC cells compared with normal thyroid Nthy-ori3-1 cell(P<0.05).(2)Knockdown of PCED1B-AS1 and overexpression of FUS inhibited PTC cell migration,invasion and proliferation,and promoted apopto-sis(P<0.05).(3)Bioinformatics analysis and RIP assay verified the existence of targeted binding of PCED1B-AS1 to FUS(P<0.05).(4)PCED1B-AS1 and FUS colocalised in the cytoplasm.(5)Inhibition of PCED1B-AS1 decreased the expression of MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins p-ERK 1/2,p-JNK and p-P38(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:ln-cRNA PCED1B-AS1 inhibits the proliferation,migration and invasion,and promotes the apoptosis of PTC cells,and its mechanism may be related to the expression of FUS and the MAPK signaling pathway.

Surgery is the mainstay of lung cancer treatment options.Traditionally,lobectomy has held its place as the gold standard for treating localized lung cancer,while sublobar resection,including wedge resection and segmentectomy,was primarily considered as an alternative,often reserved for patient ineligible to sustain a radical intervention.However,with the widespread application of computed tomography(CT)to clinical practice,the increasing detection rate of pulmonary ground glass nodules(GGNs)has reshaped this landscape.Ground glass opacity(GGO)in persistent lung nodules is an indicative factor of a favorable prognosis,typically corresponding to pathological changes such as atypical adenomatous hyperplasia(AAH),adenocarcinoma in situ(AIS),or adenocarcinomas predominantly featuring a lepidic growth pattern.A large number of retrospective studies have shown that sublobar resection can achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes for such lesions.A series of prospective studies from Japan have confirmed that for early-stage lung cancers dominated by GGOs,sublobar resection is also a viable curative surgical option.The follow-up data showed that there was no statistical difference in the survival status of these patients compared with that of pulmonary lobectomy.This article aims to delve into the role of limited lung resection in the context of lung adenocarcinoma presenting with GGO features.

Objective:To investigate the computed tomography (CT) features of adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 59 patients with AEG who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Peking University Cancer Hospital from February 2010 to November 2014 were collected. There were 51 males and 8 females, aged from 46 to 82 years, with a median age of 63 years. All the 59 patients underwent enhanced CT examination before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Observation indicators: (1) pathological examination and neoadjuvant chemotherapy of patients with AEG; (2) results of CT examination in patients with AEG, including ① qualitative indicators of CT and ② quantitative indicators of CT. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( P25, P75) or M (range), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was analyzed by the chi-square test. Results:(1) Pathological examination and neoadjuvant chemotherapy of patients with AEG: of the 59 patients with AEG, high-differentiated adenocarcinoma was observed in 1 patient, moderate-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 40 patients, and low-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 18 patients. Effective response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was observed in 13 patients, including 6 patients of pathological tumor regression grading (pTRG) 0 and 7 of pTRG 1; poor response was observed in 46 patients, including 12 patients of pTRG 2 and 34 patients of pTRG 3. (2) Results of CT examination in patients with AEG. ① Qualitative indicators of CT: for the 13 patients with effective response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 13 had the presence of ulcers, 5 had layered enhancement, 10 had infiltration of adventitia surface, and 2 had positive extramural venous invasion (EMVI) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy; after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 13 had shallowed or disappeared ulcers, 7 patients had changed enhancement pattern, 3 had infiltration of adventitia surface, and 1 had positive EMVI. For the 46 patients with poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 28 had the presence of ulcers, 18 had layered enhancement, 37 had infiltration of adventitia surface, and 22 had positive EMVI before neoadjuvant chemotherapy; after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 23 had shallowed or disappeared ulcers, 7 patients had changed layered enhancement pattern, 33 had infiltration of adventitia surface and 21 had positive EMVI, respectively. There was no significant difference in the layered enhancement or infiltration of adventitia surface before neoadjuvant chemotherapy between patients with different treatment response ( χ2=0.002, 0.000, P>0.05). There were significant differences in the presence of ulcers and positive EMVI before neoadjuvant chemotherapy between patients with different treatment response ( χ2=5.591, 4.421, P<0.05). After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, there were significant differences in the changes of layered enhancement pattern, infiltration of adventitia surface and positive EMVI between patients with different treatment response ( χ2=6.359, 10.090, 4.728, P<0.05); while there was no significant difference in the shallowed or disappeared ulcers between patients with different treatment response ( χ2=1.239, P>0.05). ② Quantitative indicators of CT: for the 13 patients with good response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the maximum tumor height, the maximum tumor area, enhanced CT value of the lesion before neoadjuvant chemotherapy were 1.37 cm(0.94 cm, 1.88 cm), 8.9 cm 2 (4.7 cm 2, 9.9 cm 2), 53 HU(47 HU, 63 HU), respectively. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the above indicators were 1.17 cm(0.79 cm, 1.29 cm), 4.4 cm 2(2.5 cm 2, 6.1 cm 2), 30 HU(25 HU, 53 HU), respectively. The change rates of the maximum tumor height, the maximum tumor area, and enhanced CT value of the lesion were -23%(-42%, 9%), -51%(-60 %, -21%), -44%(-51%, 19%), respectively. For the 46 patients with poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the maximum tumor height, the maximum tumor area, enhanced CT value of the lesion were 1.57 cm(1.21 cm, 1.96 cm), 9.4 cm 2(6.6 cm 2, 13.1 cm 2), 60 HU(53 HU, 66 HU) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy, respectively. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the above indicators were 1.16 cm(0.94 cm, 1.37 cm), 6.2 cm 2(4.8 cm 2, 8.1 cm 2), 55 HU(47 HU, 65 HU), respectively. The change rates of the maximum tumor height, the maximum tumor area, and enhanced CT value of the lesion were -27%(-38%, -9%), -33%(-47%, -12%), -9%(-22%, 9%), respectively. There was no significant difference in the maximum tumor height, the maximum tumor area, enhanced CT value of the lesion before neoadjuvant chemotherapy between patients with different treatment response ( Z=-1.372, -1.372, -1.331, P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the maximum tumor height after neoadjuvant chemotherapy between patients with different treatment response ( Z=-0.503, P>0.05), while there were significant differences in the maximum tumor area and CT value of the lesion ( Z=-2.743, -3.049, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the change rate of the maximum tumor height or the maximum tumor area between patients with different treatment response ( Z=0.000, -1.481, P>0.05), while there was a significant difference in the change rate of CT value of the lesion ( Z=-3.231, P<0.05). Conclusion:Effective response of AEG to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was characterized by the changes in tumor layered enhancement pattern, reduction in the maximum tumor area, reduced CT value of the lesion, negative infiltration of adventitia surface, and negative EMVI.