Objective To assess the effect of fetal islet transplantation for the treatment of Type Ⅰ diabetes. Methods The pancreatic islets from human aborted embryos were cultured and implanted into the greater omentum and omental bursa of 26 patients with type Ⅰ diabetes. The function of transplanted islets was evaluated. Results After transplantation, the exogenous insulin requirement significantly decreased (P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of extract of Ginkgo biloba(Egb761) on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) and evaluate its intervention effect on airway remodeling in asthmatic rats model. METHODS: Rats were randomly assigned to normal control, asmatic group, Dexamethasone (DXM) group and Egb761 group. The asmatic model was established in rats. The changes of airway morphologic parameter and the relative content of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in bronchial epithelium in these groups were determined using immunohistochemical technique and computer assisted image analysis system. RESULTS: The thickness of airway wall and airway smooth muscle was obviously thicker in the asthmatic group than any other group (P

Objective The relationship was analyzed between clinic and the expression intensity of HBsAg and HBcAg with in the hepatic tissue from the serum HBeAg negative group and the positive group.Methods A total of 317 liver biopsy specimens were divided into the HBeAg negative group and the positive group,and the relationship was analyzed between the expression inten sity of HBsAg and HBcAg within the hepatic tissue and their age,gender,ALT level,serum HBV-DNA load,hepatic inflammatory activity grading and fibrosis staging in the two groups.Results Age,ALT level,hepatic inflammatory activity grading and fibrosis of the serum HBeAg negative patients were greater than those of the serum HBeAg positive patients,while their serum HBV-DNA load and the expression intensity of HBcAg within the hepatic tissue were lower than those of the serum HBeAg positive patients (P＜0.05).The expression intensity of HBsAg within the hepatic tissue between the serum HBeAg patients and the serum HBeAg positive patients was not significantly different,and it was not correlated with age,ALT level,hepatic inflammatory grading and fi brosis staging (P＞0.05).After the serum HBeAg turned negative,the expression intensity of HBcAg within the hepatic tissue was decreased (P=0.00,t=12 349.0),and it became positively correlated with the serum HBV DNA load(P=0.007,r=0.251) and its negative correlation with the hepatic inflammatory activity and fibrosis was weakened.Conclusion After the serum HBeAg turned negative,other antigenic components of HBV may still maintain the adequately active immune status within the hepatic tis sue of organisms.After the serum HBeAg turned negative,the expression intensity of HBcAg within the hepatic tissue was de creased and became positively correlated with the serum HBV DNA,while its negative correlation with the hepatic inflammatory activity grade and fibrosis stagings was weakened.

Objective To investigate the association of the polymorphism of the N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2 )gene with isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity and anti-tuberculous treatment efficacy in Chinese Han patients with tuberculosis(TB).Methods A total of 108 TB patients who received initial anti-TB treatment were followed up prospectively.A polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing approach was used to detect genetic polymorphisms of the NAT2 gene.Associations between NAT2 genotype and isoniazid-induced hepatitis/early treatment were analyzed.Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results Among the 108 TB patients, intermediate-acetylators (IA ) was the most frequent NAT2 genotype with the proportion of 54.63%(59/108).The proportion of rapid-acetylators(RA)was 33.33%(36/108),slow-acetylators (SA)was 10.19%(11/108)and super-rapid acetylators was 1 .85 % (2/108). Among the 20 patients who developed drug-induced hepatitis,2 were RA,5 were SA and 13 were IA. Regarding NAT2 genotype,RA patients had a lower incidence of hepatotoxicity (OR =0.176,95 %CI :0.038-0.809,P =0.014)and SA patients were more likely to developed drug-induced hepatic injury (OR=4.556,95 %CI :1 .231 -16.854,P =0.044 ).Statistical analysis revealed that the frequency of variant diplotypes,NAT2*4/*6A (OR=7.741 ,95 %CI :2.653-22.586,P <0.01 )and NAT2 *6A/*6A (OR=15 .353,95 %CI :1 .506 -156.552,P =0.020)were significantly increased in TB patients with hepatotoxicity.NAT2 *4/*4 was less likely to developed hepatic injury (OR =0.176,95 %CI :0.038-0.809,P =0.014).Among the 58 culture-positive patients,12(31 .03%)were persistent culture positive after 2 months standard therapy.Early treatment failure was observed with significantly higher incidence rate in RA than other genotypes (OR = 7.200, 95 % CI :1 .794-28.900, P = 0.008). Conclusions In Chinese Han TB patients,IA is the most frequent NAT2 genotype.The SA status of NAT2 is a risk factor of isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity.The diplotype of NAT2 *6A has clearly high risk of isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity.In contrast,NAT2 * 4/* 4 is protective diplotype.RA is associated with early treatment failure in culture-positive patients.

BACKGROUND:With the medical development, prognostic outcomes of spinal cord injuries have not been improved significantly, and most patients also suffer from severe complications. Nowadays, lots of laboratories and clinical researches have suggested that celltherapy has a great potential, especial y the application of umbilical cord blood stem cells in nervous system diseases. OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility and clinical effect of umbilical cord blood neural stem cells transplantation for patients with obsolete spinal cord injury. METHODS:Umbilical cord blood was harvested from newborns under aseptic condition, and differentiated into neural stem cells in vitro that were prepared into cellsuspension at a concentration of 109/L. The cellsuspension (3 mL) was injected via the L 3-4 or L 4-5 into the subarachnoid space. American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scores and the residual urine were assessed before and 3 months after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After transplantation, al the patients showed a stable life indication. Three months later, ASIA scores were increased and the residual urine decreased, which significantly differed from those before transplantation (P<0.05). These findings indicate that umbilical cord blood neural stem cells transplantation is a new treatment that can improve the limb function and life quality of patients with obsolete spinal cord injury.

[Objective]Embedding data information literacy in postgraduate education of traditional Chinese medicine,to provide an innovative approach to improve the quality of graduate theses.[Methods]By collecting blind review data of 891 doctoral dissertations submitted from 2016 to 2021 in Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,the quality of graduate theses based on factors such as postgraduate training category,subject,submission year,affiliated unit,thesis review indicators,proposes current problems and relevant countermeasures and suggestions was statistically analyzed.[Results]The proportion of articles in grades A,B and C was 85.07%,12.01%and 2.92%,respectively,with statistically significant differences among grades(P<0.001).According to the classification of first level disciplines,the results show that the overall quality of doctoral dissertations in traditional Chinese medicine is superior to other disciplines;according to the classification of training categories,the results show that the overall quality of non-directed doctoral dissertations is better than that of directed categories;classified by the year of submission for review,the results show that with the increasing of doctoral blind review papers in recent years,the overall quality of doctoral theses has gradually been improved;according to the classification of affiliations,the results show that the overall quality of doctoral dissertations from the second school of clinical medicine,school of pharmacy,and school of basic medicine is better than other colleges.A comprehensive explanation of factors such as the training category,discipline and major,year of submission for review affiliation and evaluation indicators for the doctoral thesis effectively provides feedback on the overall quality of the thesis.[Conclusion]Embedding data information literacy in postgraduate education is of great significance for improving the quality of postgraduate education,especially the quality of graduate theses.

Objective To introduce inhaled inactivated-mycobacterium phlei on prevention and treatment of moderate bronchial asthma to observe the clinical effect. Method This study was a prospective and controlled study. The patients diagnosed with asthma in our out-patient from March 2009 to December 2010 were collected, who met the following conditions were included in the study: age≥ 14 years; met the criteria of moderate chronic persistent bronchial asthma in Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) in 2008; suspended receiving systemic corticosteroids, Montelukast, ketotifen and other anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic drugs in one month; no significant respiratory tract infections; and other serious illnesses or abnormalities known.A total of 100 patients with asthma were selected, including 37 males and 63 females, age (32.11 ± 12.95 )years. The patients were randomly(random number) divided into two groups: A group(treatment group; 16males and 34 females, age 33.56 ± 14.23 years) and B group (control group; 21 males and 29 females,age 30.66 ± 11.50 years); 50 in each group. No significant difference was noted between the two groups on age and gender composition. The patients in A group were treated with inhaled inactivated-mycobacterium phlei F. U. 36 Injection 1.72 μg/mL × 2 that adding 3 mL normal saline, once a day for 5 days. The patients in B group were treated with salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation (50/100 μg), twice daily for sustainable use. The patients in the two groups were observed for one month. During this course, the patients in the two groups could inhale the salbutamol sulphate aerosol as need to relieve symptoms. And the number of using was recorded. Pulmonary function test and asthma provocative test were carried out on the Day O, 6 and 31. ACT scores were measured before and after the treatment. Results On Day 6 and 31 after treatment, the negative conversion rates of asthma provocative test of the patients in A group were 82% and 78% respectively, B group were 84% and 90% respectively. Provocative test of the patients in the two groups were negative conversion significantly before and after treatment. There was no significant difference between the two groups by chi-square test (P ＞ 0. 05 ). Completely random designed data was analyzed by analysis of variance. The analysis showed that the accumulated doses of methacholine of the patients in the two group increased significantly ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), but no difference between the two groups.There was a improvement trend on forced expiratory volume in one second( FEV1 )of the patients in A group after treatment, but no difference. FEV1 of the patients in B group increased significantly higher ( P ＜0.05), which was significantly higher than A group on the 31th day (P ＜0. 05); Peak expiratory flow (PEF) of the patients in the two group increased significantly on Day 6 and 31 after treatment (P ＜0.05 ).On Day 31, B group was significantly higher than A group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ); Scores of asthma control test (ACT)of the patients in the two group were significantly increased, and the number of using of salbutamol sulfate aerosol was significantly reduced (P ＜0.01 ). B group was obvious than group A (P ＜0.05 ). During treatment, there were only two adverse reaction cases of transient low fever; most obvious was on the third day.Conclusions Inhaled inactivated-mycobacterium phlei would inhibit the airway hyperresponsiveness of the patients with moderate bronchial asthma in short time, improve the symptoms, reduce the acute exacerbation, and reduce the use of rescue medication, which has the roles of prevention and treatment of moderate asthma in a certain period of time.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the microstructure of dental zirconia ceramics prepared by two-step sintering.

METHODSNanostructured zirconia powder was dry compacted, cold isostatic pressed, and pre-sintered. The pre-sintered discs were cut processed into samples. Conventional sintering, single-step sintering, and two-step sintering were carried out, and density and grain size of the samples were measured. Afterward, T1 and/or T2 of two-step sintering ranges were measured. Effects on microstructure of different routes, which consisted of two-step sintering and conventional sintering were discussed. The influence of T1 and/or T2 on density and grain size were analyzed as well.

RESULTSThe range of T1 was between 1450 degrees C and 1550 degrees C, and the range of T2 was between 1250 degrees C and 1350 degrees C. Compared with conventional sintering, finer microstructure of higher density and smaller grain could be obtained by two-step sintering. Grain growth was dependent on T1, whereas density was not much related with T1. However, density was dependent on T2, and grain size was minimally influenced.

CONCLUSIONTwo-step sintering could ensure a sintering body with high density and small grain, which is good for optimizing the microstructure of dental zirconia ceramics.

Objective To investigate the potential of a two-component model combining T2 and diffusion weighted imaging(T2-DWI)in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.Methods Thirty-two prostate cancer patients and twenty prostatic hyperplasia patients underwent combined T2-DWI,with TE values set at 50 ms and 70 ms and b values at 50 s/mm2 and 800 s/mm2,respectively.This provided four measurements for each voxel.The signal fractions were calculated from the slow component(SFslow)extracted from the two-component model of T2-DWI,which was fitted with two free parameters.The results were compared with the traditional single exponential apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)model.Results A significant difference was observed between SFslow(0.77±0.14 vs 0.35±0.10)and ADC[(0.91±0.24)μm2/ms vs(1.98±0.32)μm2/ms]in region of interest(ROI)between peripheral zone tumors and normal prostate tissue(P＜0.001).No significant difference was found between SFslow(0.75±0.13 vs 0.68±0.11)and ADC[(0.88±0.18)μm2/ms vs(0.97±0.13)μm2/ms]in ROI between non-peripheral zone tumors and prostatic hyperplasia.The area under the curve(AUC)of the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)for distinguishing tumors from prostate voxels was 0.962 for two-component SFslow and 0.940 for single exponential ADC models.The Spearman correlation coefficients between tumor SFslow and ADC with Gleason scores were 0.631 and-0.558,respectively.Conclusion SF estimation based on T2-DWI two-component model can effectively differentiate tumors from normal prostate tissue,showing potential in diagnosing prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a pedigree affected with X-linked mental retardation. METHODS: The proband was subjected to chromosomal karyotyping, FMR1 mutation testing and copy number variation analysis with a single nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP array). His family members were subjected to multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assaying. Expression of genes within the repeated region were analyzed. RESULTS: The proband had a normal chromosomal karyotype and normal number of CGG repeats within the FMR1 gene. SNP array identified a 370 kb duplication in Xq28 (ChrX: 153 027 633-153 398 515), which encompassed 14 genes including MECP2. The patient was diagnosed as Lubs X-linked mental retardation syndrome (MRXSL). MLPA confirmed the presence of copy number variation, its co-segregation with the disease, in addition with the carrier status of females. Genes from the duplicated region showed higher levels of expression (1.79 to 5.38 folds) within peripheral blood nucleated cells of the proband. CONCLUSION The patients were diagnosed with MRXSL. The expression of affected genes was up-regulated due to the duplication. Genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis may be provided based on the results.
DNA Copy Number Variations ; Female ; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein ; Humans ; Mental Retardation, X-Linked ; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 ; Pedigree ; Pregnancy