[Objective] To observe the effect of Chai Qin Pingwei Capsule (CQPC) on gastric mucosal cell apoptosis and regulatory genes in rats with bile reflux gastritis. [ Methods ] Wistar rats were randomized into 6 groups: sham-operation group (A), model group (B) , CQPC groups in the dosages of 16.66 (high) ,8.33 (moderate), and 4.17 (low) g/kg respectively (C, D and E respectively), Xiao Chaihu Granules group in the dosage of 10g/kg (F). Except the sham-operation group, the rats in other groups received B- II gastrojejunostomy to induce bile reflux gastritis and were treated with gastric gavage of corresponding drugs according to the experimental design for 4 weeks. Effects of CQPC on gastric mucosal cell apoptosis and the expression of p53 mRNA, Bax and Bcl-2 were observed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hybridization in situ and immunohistochemistry method. [Results] Bile reflux in the model group caused the increase of gastric mucosal cell apoptosis, the up-regulation of wild-type p53 mRNA and Bax protein expression, and the down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expression, the difference being significant as compared with the sham-operation group (P

Since the first paper reported the finding of genetic variation contributing to human age-related macular de?generation by genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 2005, large number of human complex diseases associated genetic variants have been identified through GWAS method. However, the biological function of these genetic variants is not very clear. The present paper reviewed the methods of fine-mapping and the progress of the functional studies for these suscepti?bility variants. In the post GWAS Era, the study of genetic mechanisms can help us to understand the disease pathogenesis.

BACKGROUND: Differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem calls(BMSCs) is associated with their microenvironment. After acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the necrosis of cardiomyocytes caused activation of complement, generation of free radical, and secretion of various cell factors. As a result, the ingredients of patients' serum also changed, so does the changes will influence the differentiation of BMSCs into cardiomyocytes? And what influence it will be? OBJECTIVE: To investigative effects of AMI rat serum on the differentiation of BMSCs into cardiomyocytes. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The in vitro controlled cytology experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Center for Stem cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University from September in 2005 to June in 2006. MATERIALS: SPF Sprague Dawley rats, weighing 50-80 g, aged 3-4 weeks, were used for culture of BMSCs, and SpragueDawley rats, weighing 200-300 g, aged 6-8 weeks, were used for making AMI models. METHODS: BMSCs were isolated and cultured with the adherent method. After making AMI rat models by deligating anterior descending of the left coronary artery, the serum were collected and centrifuged from AMI and normal rats. Then the passage 3 of BMSCs were divided into six groups, non-induction group, 5-azacytidine (5-aza) group, 5-aza plus serum from AMI rat group, 5-aza plus serum from normal rat group, serum from AMI rat group, and serum from normal rat group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Morphology changes in rat BMSCs after induction; Expression of cardiac troponin T of BMSCs after induction; Expression of GATA-4 and desmin mRNA of BMSCs after induction. RESULTS: After being induced by 5-aza and two kinds of serum, some cells became elongated and thinner. Two to three weeks after induction, some cells had a ball-like or rod-like appearance, and connection were formed between adjacent cells. It showed that some BMSC have differentiated into cardiac like cells. The expression of cardiac troponin T, GATA-4 and desmin were positive in cells differentiated from BMSCs. The troponin T expression in control group and simple serum induction group were negative, but GATA-4 and desmin expressed weakly. CONCLUSION: Serum from AMI rat cannot induce BMSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocytes alone, but it promotes BMSCs induced by 5-aza differentiating into cardiomyocytes and facilitates the differentiated calls into mature.

Objective To determine the expressions of miR-200a, miR-141, miR-205 and miR-34a in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) samples and to explore their clinical significance. Methods According to FIGO staging, 44 EOC pa?tients were divided into two groups:early FIGO stage (stageⅠ-Ⅱ, n=15) and late FIGO stage (stageⅢ-Ⅳ, n=29). Expres?sions of 4 miRNAs were detected by real time quantitative PCR, and were compared between two groups. The correlation of 4 miRNAs was calculated. EOC patients were divided into high miRNA expression group and low expression group according to the median value of miRNAs expression. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox multivariate analysis were used to com?pare the age, FIGO state, tumor residual after operation and post-operative chemotherapy of ovarian cancer between two groups. Results The expression of miR-141 was elevated in stagesⅢandⅣcompared with that of stagesⅠand Ⅱ(P=0.036). There was a positive correlation between expression of miR-141, miR-200a and miR-205, but a negative correlation with miR-34a (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between miR-200a and miR-205 (P<0.05). Lower miR-200a ex?pression was associated with shorter progress free survival in ovarian cancer analyzed by log-rank test ( P=0.035). The sur?vival rate was significantly higher in FIGO stages ⅠandⅡthan that of FIGO stagesⅢandⅣ(P<0.05). Cox regression analysis revealed that miR-200a, FIGO stage and age were influential factors of overall survival time and progress-free sur?vival time of ovarian cancer, while miR-141, miR-205, miR-34a and tumor residual after operation and post-operative che?motherapy were not influential factors. Conclusion The expression of miR-200a is closely correlated with the progress and prognosis of ovarian cancer and may be used as an independent indicator for ovarian cancer prognosis.

Objective Ascending aortic dissection(AAD),for which the pathogenesis remains unknown,is life-threatening.Matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)and the pathological changes of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)have been reported to have roles the pathogenesis.The study examined the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)and the pathological changes of,VSMCs in patients with AAD.Methods AAD samples were taken from 35 patients(disease group)in acute phase during aortic replacement operation for AAD and control samples were corresponding part of ascending aorta(control group,n=21)collected from the donor hearts for transplantation.Transmission electron microscepe,hematoxylin-eosin(H-E)staining.Mallory staining were used for observing the pathological changes of VSMCs and matrix in the affected aortic wall.The immunohistochemicai staining of MMP-9 was carried out in both groups and semi-quantified by staining intensity analysis.The affected patients were further grouped according to the diameter of dissected aorta as with a AAD of <55 mm or with a AAD of≥55 mm.The associations of clinical factors,such as smoking status,hypertensive disease and aneurysm diameter,with the expression of MMP-9 were analyzed.Results Increased synthetic function of VSMCs with decreased density,disrupted elastic fibers and fibrosis in the dissected aortic wall were observed in the disease group,but not in the control group.MMP-9 was scarcely expressed in the aortic wall of the patients in the control group,though it was notably expressed in the VSMCs of disease group.Both subgroups presented more MMP-9 than the control group(both P<0.001).In the disease group,sub-group with a AAD diameter of ≥55 mm presented more MMP-9 than that with a diameter of <55 mm(P<0.05).MMP-9 expression was positively correlated with a history of hypertension(P<0.01)or a great aneurysm diameter(P<0.05).MMP-9 expression was not associated with age,smoking status or other clinical factors.Conclusion Increased secretion of VSMCs and the expression of MMP-9 induced by elevated blood pressure may lead to the destruction of matrix proteins.The resulting fibrosis of the aortic wall would decrease the tensile strength of the wall.When the fibrotic aortic wall dilated further,the increased expression of MMP-9 would aggravate the damage to the wall.It can be speculated that acute AAD would occur as a result of partial tearing of the aortic intima.

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Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) plays a key role in tumor progression and metastasis, and their properties are highly dependent on signaling stimuli in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Moreover, TAM, as a major player in tumor-related inflammation, is associated with the prognosis of multiple solid tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) was found to significantly improve the survival prognosis of patients with microsatellite instability/mismatched repair deficient colorectal cancer. However, the efficacy of ICI as monotherapy is limited in the vast majority of CRC patients. Although the exact functions of TAM have not been fully elucidated, targeting TAM as a therapeutic strategy significantly enhances the efficacy of ICI in CRC, and TAM also demonstrates important value as predictive biomarkers for CRC prognosis.

ObjectiveTo systematically review the effects of psychosocial support-related activities on mental health of older adults. MethodsRandomized controlled trails (RCTs) on mental health benefits for older adults were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO and CNKI, until August, 2022. A systematic review was conducted. ResultsSeven RCTs were included, from Spain, Chile, Canada, Finland, the United Kingdom, South Korea and the United States, mainly from psychiatry, mental health of the elderly and other journals, published after 2017. The subjects aged 60 to 80 years, accounting to 1 258 cases. Psychosocial interventions included Pilates, mindfulness, behavioral activation, cognitive stimulation, daily difficult problem solving training, pain and depression symptom management, health education and guidance, nursing coordination, group exercise (such as circuit training, pedal training or rubber band training), and water sports, etc. The frequency of intervention was 30 to 120 minutes a time, one to nine times a week, and the intensity of the intervention was low to high intensity for four to 64 weeks. Intervention sites included sports venues, community health centres, ageing services, and intervention staff included sports therapists (yoga), psychologists, health professionals, community health services, and health care workers. All interventions were carried out under supervision. The benefits of psychosocial intervention on the mental health of the older adults mainly reflected in the improving cognitive function and self-efficacy, reducing anxiety and depression, improving depressed mood or loneliness, improving sleep quality, increasing sense of social integration and relieving pain and other problems. ConclusionMental health interventions (psychological interventions or support, social interventions or support, psychosocial interventions) and mental health-related interventions (physical activity interventions) benefit older people's mental health, including improving cognitive function, alleviating anxiety and depression, improving sleep quality, and improving quality of life and well-being.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of antisense vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)(121) cDNA transfection on the growth of K562 cells in nude mice.

METHODSK562 cells transfected with the antisense (AS) or sense (S) VEGF(121) cDNA, and the vector (V, pcDNA3) alone were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice and the growth of the transfected cells in vivo was investigated. The effects of transfected K562 cells on human bone marrow endothelial cells (BMEC) were analyzed by MTT assay, the microvessel density (MVD) in tumor mass by vWF immunohistochemistry stain.

RESULTSK562/V tumor grew more slowly [(207.5 +/- 192.9) mm(3) vs (445.0 +/- 150.9) mm(3), P < 0.05] and K562/S tumor more rapidly than K562/V tumor did [(1 174.6 +/- 508.7)/mm(3) vs (445.0 +/- 150.9) mm(3), P < 0.01]. K562/S cell culture supernatant was more strongly in promoting the proliferation of BMEC than K562/V supernatant did, but K562/AS supernatant resulted in a marked decrease of the promoting effect as compared with K562/V's. The MVDs in K562/AS, K562/S, and K562/V tumors were [(11.0 +/- 7.6)/0.72 mm(2) vs (50.8 +/- 11.7)/0.72 mm(2) vs (18.9 +/- 7.0)/0.72 mm(2)], respectively.

CONCLUSIONSAntisense VEGF(121) cDNA transfected K562 cells show growth retardation in transplanted nude mice, decrease of tumor MVD, and decrease of promoting BMEC proliferation capacity.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Cell Division ; genetics ; physiology ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; pharmacology ; DNA, Antisense ; genetics ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; genetics ; physiology ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Lymphokines ; genetics ; physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental ; blood supply ; genetics ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Transfection ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

According to our previous experiments, Ph(+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell line K562 cells have defects in beta 1 integrin activation. In order to search the same regularity in Ph(+) CML bone marrow cells, bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) from 12 cases of Ph(+) CML and 10 cases of normal individuals were studied. Their expression rate of 9EG7 epitope on beta1 integrin post treatment by 8A2 or GM- or G-CSF and cell adhesion ability with soluble fibronectin (FN) were evaluated by flow cytometry; in addition, the effects of CGP57148B, a highly specific ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor, were observed. Our results showed that 9EG7 expression rate and FN binding rate were very low in all the inactivated cells. The parameter increased markedly post 8A2 activation in both NBMMNCs and CMLBMMNCs, but the degree of increase in CMLBMMNCs was significantly lower than that in NBMMNCs; GM-CSF or G-CSF could significantly increase the parameters in NBMMNCs while had no effects on that in CMLBMMNCs. CGP57148B could increase the beta1 integrin activation potential of CMLBMMNCs but had no effects on that of NBMMNCs. The results indicate that decreased activation potential of beta1 integrin in CMLBMMNCs is the major cause of adhesion defects of Ph(+) CML cells; beta1 integrin functional insufficiency in CMLBMMNCs could not be directly reversed by ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor CGP57148B.