A sensitive analytical method based on reversed microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography ( MEEKC) combined with on_line preconcentration technique was developed for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs ) in cosmetics. For six lipophilic PAHs analytes which are difficult to be separated under conventional conditions, three stacking techniques including large volume sample stacking ( LVSS) , dynamic pH junction and sweeping ( LVSS_DypH_sweep ) were combined to realize the efficient preconcentration and separation. Under the optimum conditions, including the microemulsion buffer with the composition of 2. 4%(w/w)SDS_0. 6% (w/w) octane_6. 6% (w/w)n_butyl alcohol_20 mmol/L NaH2PO4 ( pH 2 . 2 ) , HCB injection time of 20 s ( 16 kPa ) and sample injection time of 80 s ( 16 kPa ) , good enrichment effect was reached with the enrichment factors ranged from 25 to 80 , and the PAHs were analyzed successfully within 27 min. The developed method was used to analyze the PAHs in cosmetics. The recoveries ranged from 90 . 6% to 95 . 9%. The RSD values ( n=5 ) were less than 5 . 1%.

Academia-industry collaboration is defined as the cooperation between both sides,utilizing the capitals and pathways of the industrial side as well as the faculties and facilities of the academic side to push the products to the market with cost minimization as well as profit or utility maximization.All the group members share the results to attain the double win.The six key steps to establish this collaboration include creating the cooperation platform,signing related agreements,constructing related hard and software,setting a company for operation,performing experiment,licensing,patent or technique transfer,products marketing as well as sharing profits.Several issues should be known while this collaboration established in the biomedical field,especially about the ethics of human studies.The influencing factors of its effectiveness would be analyzed in the present paper.

This study was aimed to explore pharmacological effects of epimedium pubescen flavonoid (EPF) on biomechanical properties among ovariectomized rats. Sixty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (aged 2-month-old) were randomly divided into six groups (n = 10), which were the sham control group (Group A), the model group (GroupB), the standard group (Group C), the treated 1 group (Group D), the treated 2 group (Group E), and the treated 3 group (Group F). Except the sham control group (Group A), rats in other groups had been ovariectomized. All rats were given the same feedstuff. Meanwhile, Group C was given calcium 75 mg·kg-1 combined with VitD3 21 IU·kg-1 by gastrogavage every day for 4 months; Group D was given EPF 75 mg·kg-1; Group E was given EPF 150 mg·kg-1;Group F was given EPF 300 mg·kg-1. At the end of the 4th month, all rats were sacrificed. Bones, which included tibia, femur and humerus of both sides and all lumbar vertebra bodies, had been taken out. Measurement was made on the elastic modulus, maximum loading capability, maximum stress, potential energy of deformation, and structural rigidity of biomechanical properties of the fourth lumbar vertebra body (LV4); the maximum loading capability, bone break load, potential energy of deformation, structural rigidity of the structural dynamics properties of the femur com-pact bone; the elastic modulus, maximum stress, maximum inherent strain, bone break stress, and bone break strain of the mechanical properties of a material of the femur compact bone in the experimental rats. The results showed that compared with Group B, the elastic modulus, maximum loading capability, maximum stress, potential energy of deformation, and structural rigidity of LV4; the maximum loading capability, bone break load, potential energy of de-formation, structural rigidity of the structural dynamics properties of the femur compact bone; the elastic modulus, maximum stress, maximum inherent strain, and bone break strain of the mechanical properties of a material of the fe-mur compact bone were obviously increased in Group A, D, E and F (P< 0.05). Group C had increasing tendency. There were no statistical differences among Group A, C, D, E and F. Group D, E, and F had increased with EPF dose-dependently. However, there were no statistical differences among them. There were no statistical differences on bone break strain of the mechanical properties of a material of the femur compact bone among Group A, C, D, E, and F. It showed that ovariectomization reduced the biomechanical properties of vertebra bodies, structural dynamics properties of the femur compact bone, and the mechanical properties of a material of the femur compact bone. The application of EPF can effectively prevent and treat the decreasing of biomechanical properties of ovariectomized rats, so as to keep them in a relatively higher level.

BACKGROUND:Active surgical treatments are preferred for elderly hip fractures. Individual fixation method is chosen according to fracture site, type, age and whether there are basic diseases in internal medicine, which plays an important role in the successful treatment of elderly hip fractures.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of optimized surgical treatment on osteoporotic hip fracture in the elderly.
METHODS: Totally 176 patients with osteoporotic hip fracture were treated by different methods between January 2000 and January 2012, including 63 males and 113 females, with a mean age of (76.7±6.3) years. Out of the 84 cases of interchanteric fracture, seven cases were treated with conservative methods, 34 cases were treated with dynamic hip screw internal fixation, 18 cases were treated with cannulated screw internal fixation, seven cases were treated with anatomical plate internal fixation, 12 cases were treated with bipolar femoral placement, and six cases were treated with total hip arthroplasty. Out of the 92 cases with femoral neck fractures, 40 cases were treated with bipolar femoral placement, 37 cases were treated with total hip arthroplasty and 15 cases were treated with cannulated screw internal fixation. Modified Harris hip function scores were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of different treatment methods. Complications were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Seventy-six cases of interchanteric fractures and 85 cases of femoral neck fractures were fol owed-up for 8-26 months with an average of (5.7±1.3) months. Three cases suffered from post-operative infection, and one case died due to cardio-pulmonary failure in 10 days after operation. Both intraoperation and postoperative complications included femoral head cutting, intraoperative fracture, internal fixation and prosthetic loosening, postoperative fracture, avascular necrosis of femoral head, coxa vara, legs shorten, and delayed fracture healing. The incidence rates of complications in patients undergoing bipolar femoral placement and total hip arthroplasty were significantly lower than those treated with conservative methods, dynamic hip screw internal fixation, cannulated screw internal fixation, and anatomical plate internal fixation (P<0.05). The outcomes of the treatment according to Harris scoring criterion were better in patients treated with bipolar femoral placement and total hip arthroplasty than in patients treated with conservative methods, dynamic hip screw internal fixation, cannulated screw internal fixation, and anatomical plate internal fixation (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in the incidence rate of complications and Harris scores among patients treated with conservative methods, dynamic hip screw internal fixation, cannulated screw internal fixation, and anatomical plate internal fixation (P>0.05). No significant differences were found in the incidence rate of complications and Harris scores between patients treated with bipolar femoral placement and total hip arthroplasty (P>0.05). These findings indicate that the treatment of osteoporotic hip fracture in the elderly can achieve satisfactory results if the comprehensive therapies are given. Bipolar femoral placement and total hip arthroplasty are preferred for elderly femoral neck fractures.

OBJECTIVETo observe abnormal metabolic changes caused by ischemic cerebral apoplexy and the regulating action of Tongsaimai pellets on abnormal metabolism by analyzing the change of small molecules in plasma of ischemic cerebral apoplexy rat. To find the potential biomarkers, and to explore metabolic mechanisms of Tongsaimai pellets.

METHODRat models of middle cerebral artery occlusion was established with electric coagulation, and rats were divided into 4 groups, model group, sham-operation group, Tongsaimai pellets group and positive control group. Tongsaimai pellets and positive control group were orally administrated by 13.2 g x kg(-1) x d(-1) of crude drugs and 32 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) of Nimodipine respectively, m odel and sham-operation group by equal volume of distilled water for a week. Plasma of model and sham-operation group were collected, and plasma of Tongsaimai pellets and positive control group were collected on the 1st, 3rd , 7th day after administration. Endogenous metabolites of four groups were determined with GC-MS. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was applied to analyze multivariate data and set up model, and T-test was used in significant statistical analysis.

RESULTCompared with sham-operation group rats, pyruvic acid, taurine and hydroxyproline obviously increased in model group rats, while lactic acid, glyceric acid, aminomalonic acid, fructose, tryptophan and leucine significantly decreased, so these metabolites were potential metabolic biomarkers. These endogenous metabolites except taurine got restoration in Tongsaimai group rats.

CONCLUSIONAbnormal metabolite level in plasma can be certainly recovered by Tongsaimai pellets, and the treatment of Tongsaimai pellets can be connected with the regulation of related metabolic pathways.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; blood ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fructose ; blood ; Glyceric Acids ; blood ; Hydroxyproline ; blood ; Lactic Acid ; blood ; Leucine ; blood ; Male ; Malonates ; blood ; Metabolomics ; methods ; Pyruvic Acid ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stroke ; blood ; drug therapy ; Taurine ; blood ; Tryptophan ; blood

In recent years, bio-metal organic frameworks (Bio-MOFs) synthesized with biocompatible ligands have been widely investigated as a potential drug delivery carrier due to their large specific surface area and porosity, rich host-guest intermolecular interactions, and good biocompatibility.In this review, we summarized the design methods of Bio-MOFs including structural and toxic factors, as well as a variety of drug loading methods including click chemistry, with particular focus on recent research advances in Bio-MOFs for pulmonary drug delivery systems, improving pharmaceutical properties of drugs, sustained and controlled drug release, stimulation response and targeted drug delivery systems.Finally, we summarized the bottlenecks that constrain the development of Bio-MOFs in clinical studies of actual pharmaceutical formulations and their future directions for approved formulations, aiming to provide some theoretical reference for promoting the application of Bio-MOFs in drug delivery systems.

Objective:To identify the influencing factors for community elderly health services provided by general practitioners (GPs) using the social ecological theory, for reference in improving their participation and satisfaction.Methods:According to the social ecological theory, an ecological model for GPs to carry out community elderly health services was constructed from four levels: public policy ecology, community health service ecology, interpersonal relationship ecology, and individual characteristics ecology of general practitioners. A survey questionnaire was designed with six latent variables: public health policy support, public health service and basic medical service supply, doctor-patient relationship, individual participation and individual satisfaction. The questionnaire was distributed to 220 GPs from 11 primary healthcare institutions in Jiangsu province, China, who were randomly selected between October and November 2021. Exploratory and confirmatory analyses of the model were conducted using AMOS 25.0.Results:A total of 207 valid questionnaires were collected, and all the KMO values of the six latent variables were greater than 0.7, while the composite reliability values and average variance extracted values greater than 0.7 and 0.5, respectively. Both the reliability and validity of the data met the analysis requirements. Exploratory analysis revealed that public health policy support had a direct positive effect on both public health service and basic medical service supply (both effect sizes being 0.37). Public health service had a direct positive effect on doctor-patient relationship, individual participation and individual satisfaction (effect sizes being 0.52, 0.22, and 0.31, respectively). The direct effect of basic medical service supply on doctor-patient relationship was not significant (effect size being 0.03), but it had a direct positive effect on public health service (effect size being 0.46). Doctor-patient relationship had a direct positive effect on individual participation (effect size being 0.51), but its direct effect on individual satisfaction was not significant (effect size being 0.06). Individual participation had a direct positive effect on individual satisfaction (effect size being 0.52). Conclusions:By optimizing the public policy ecosystem, community health service ecosystem, and interpersonal relationship ecosystem, the participation and satisfaction of general practitioners can be systematically improved.

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of clinical pathway (CP) and team-based learning (TBL) teaching method in standardized residency training of gynecology.Methods:The research included 40 residents as objects who took standardized training in gynecological rotation in Luohe Central Hospital from July 2017 to July 2019, and they were randomized into experimental group and control group. The combination of CP and TBL teaching method was used in the experimental group ( n=20), while the traditional teaching method was applied in the control group ( n=20). All residents were tested for the professional theory and clinical skill after training. After the training, a survey about the teaching satisfaction and the effectiveness of teaching methods was conducted for both groups. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 23.0 software. Results:The average scores of professional theory and clinical practice skills in the experimental group were (85.55±5.96) points and (89.90±6.40) points respectively, which were better than the average scores of the control group [(76.36±6.68) points and (75.50±4.81) points, respectively], and there were significant differences between two groups ( P<0.05). The results of the questionnaire survey showed that the experimental group residents had a higher degree of satisfaction and a higher evaluation of the teaching method than the control group. Conclusion:CP and TBL teaching is beneficial to improve the quality of standardized residency training of gynecology, and it is suggested to make wide popularization and application in the training.

Lateral flow immunochromatography assay is a new instantaneous detection technology that employs a chromatographic membrane and labeling materials for detection.This detection technology is convenient,fast,and inexpensive,and is therefore widely used in a number of different fields,such as biomedicine,disease detection,food safety,environmental protection,and so on.Traditional lateral flow immunochromatography assay relied on visual observation and provided only qualitative or semi-quantitative results.By utilizing various types of markers and sensitive detection devices,lateral flow immunochromatography assay enables quantitative and multi-component detection of the analytes.The research progress on the lateral flow immunoassay detection system and its current applications in the context of recognition elements,labeling materials,and detection instruments were reviewed in this paper.

Trace elements are required by all organisms, which are key components of many enzymes catalyzing important biological reactions. Many trace element-dependent proteins have been characterized;however, little is known about their occurrence in microbial communities in diverse environments, especially the global marine ecosystem. Moreover, the relationships between trace element utilization and different types of environmental stressors are unclear. In this study, we used metagenomic data from the Global Ocean Sampling expedition project to identify the biogeographic distribution of genes encoding trace element-dependent proteins (for copper, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, and selenium) in a variety of marine and non-marine aquatic samples. More than 56,000 metalloprotein and selenoprotein genes corresponding to nearly 100 families were predicted, becoming the largest dataset of marine metalloprotein and selenoprotein genes reported to date. In addition, samples with enriched or depleted metalloprotein/selenoprotein genes were identified, suggesting an active or inactive usage of these micronutrients in various sites. Further analysis of interactions among the elements showed significant correlations between some of them, especially those between nickel and selenium/copper. Finally, investigation of the relationships between environmental conditions and metalloprotein/selenoprotein families revealed that many environmental factors might contribute to the evolution of different metalloprotein and/or selenoprotein genes in the marine microbial world. Our data provide new insights into the utilization and biological roles of these trace elements in extant marine microbes, and might also be helpful for the understanding of how these organisms have adapted to their local environments.