0.05) in the negative group. However, there was a significant increase in each parameter except Rc in the positive group (P

ObjectiveTo provide evidence for the education on sychological health for the undergraduates by analyzing the relationship among interpersonal relationship, coping style, self consistency and congruence of local college students. Methods uestionnaires about interpersonal relationship, coping style, and self consis tency and congruence have been carried out on a stratified random sample of 1471 students from four local colle ges. And all the data of the questionnaire scales will be dealt with by the software SPSS15.0. Results①Total scores on interpersonal relationship and self consistency and congruence of male college students( (9.88 ±5.51 );(93.29 ± 13.48 ) respectively) were much higher than the scores of the female college students ( ( 8.84 ± 5.11 );(90.09 ± 12.60) respectively). Total scores of the above two items for the seniors( ( 10.26 ± 5.89 ); ( 96.79 ±12.93) respectively) were obviously higher than the total scores of students of other grades. For the engineering students, whose total scores on the two items( ( 10.26 ±5.86); (93.57 ± 12.83 ) respectively) were remarkably higher than the scores of students of other majors. Regarding the various factors of coping style, there are signifi cant differences in gender, grade and major( P ＜ 0. 01 ). ②Concerning the college students, there were conspicu ous relationship among their interpersonal relationship, coping style, self consistency and congruence ( P ＜ 0.01 ). ③ Self consistency and congruence could be effectively predicted by factors, i.e. total score of interpersonai rela tionship, remorse, problem-solving, rationalizing, fantasy, recoil, help-seeking and grade. ConclusionCollege students' ability of self consistency and congruence is affected by their coping style and interpersonal relationship. To improve the individual' s ability of self consistency and congruence and the condition of their psychological health, the most effective way is to cultivate the capability on interpersonal communication and apply the positively flexible coping style.

0.05). The BHR distribution was slight 31.9%, mild 43.5%, moderate 24.6%, no severe BHR were found in this study, showing less correlation between the percentage of predicted FEV 1 and the PD 20FEV 1-His in the elderly (r=0.277, P

Cultivation of laboratory physicians in accordance with the needs of discipline should be a priority of education on laboratory medicine in China. Unfortunately, the professional career of Chinese laboratory physicians is presently entrapped in a dilemma owing to unfavorable settings, in-cluding the late start of laboratory physician training in this country, unmatched installation between higher school faculty and curriculum, faulty programs of in-hospital training, disparity in management policies, low social esteem, uncertainty in personal intention of employment, and poor knowledge of position awareness. This paper puts forward a lot of measures such as the development trend of the university curriculum, which is in compliance with the subdivision and refinement of clinical medicine, the establishment of a medical degree for a professional laboratory physician, constantly improving the standardization of laboratory physician residency training and continuing education system for the in-spection of doctors , setting up physicians inspection posts and giving a clear mandate to examine physicians inside the hospital, while outside of the hospital continually improving awareness and accep-tance of the laboratory physicians, giving more educational resources to laboratory physicians, so as to improve the overall level of the laboratory medicine.

Objective To investigate the dosimetric influence of pure carbon fiber treatment tabletop of Elekta Precise new linear accelerator in radiotherapy.Methods Surface-axis distance (SAD) technology was employed for the measurement.Two groups of fields were set and both of them were SAD opposed portals ( one of them went through the tabletop,while the other did not).A PTW electrometer and a 0.6 cm3 Farmer ionization chamber were utilized for comparison measurement.Then dose attenuation of the main table board,extended body board,the extended board for head,neck and shoulders,and the joints of these boards were calculated.Results Under the energy of 6 MV,the dose attenuations of the following locations were:1.4％ - 7.2％ at the main treatment table board; 2.8％ - 38.7％,1.4％ -30.1％,1.5％ -20.8％ and 1.4％ - 11.2％,respectively at distances of 1,4,7 and 8 cm from the joint of the main table board ;0.5％ - 5.0％ at the extended body board; 4.7％ - 15.4％ at distance of 1cm from the joint of the extended body board; 0.5％ -3.3％ at the neck position of the extended board for head,neck and shoulders; 5.3％ - 16.7％ at the shoulder positions; and 6.8％ -30.4％ at the joint between the extended boards and the main table board.Conclusions The dose attenuations of the new linear accelerator pure carbon fiber treatment tabletop vary at different locations. Considerable higher attenuations are observed at the table board joints than other locations.

OBJECTIVE： To investigate in vitro antibacterial activity of the extracts from the root， stem and leaves of Psychotria rubra， and to investigate its mechanism of antibacterial effects. METHODS： 95％ ethanol extracts from the root， stem and leaves of P. rubra were used to prepare solution with mass concentration of 100 mg/mL （calculated by extract）. Using as penicillin sodium （0.5 mg/mL） and streptomycin sulfate （128 mg/mL） as positive control， plat stiletto method was used to determine antibacterial effects of the extracts from different parts of Staphylococcus aureus， Escherichia coli， Pseudomonas aeruginosa， Bacillus subtilis， Micrococcus luteus and Enterococcus faecalis. Using systematic solvent extraction method， the petroleum ether， ethyl acetate and n-butyl alcohol were used to extract antibacterial activity parts from P. rubra as ad to obtain the extracts of corresponding polar parts. After preparing 100 mg/mL drug solution （calculated by extract）， antibacterial effects of above 6 kinds of bacteria were investigated. The micro-broth dilution method and agar culture medium plate method were used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） and minimum bactericidal concentration （MBC）， and screen polar parts with bacteriostasis and drug-sensitive strains. Under the concentration of 0.5MIC and MIC， the growth curves of sensitive bacteria were drawn （treated for 36 h， every 4 h）； the contents of alkaline phosphatase （AKP） and soluble protein were detected in suspension （treated for 10 h， every 2 h）； bouillon culture medium instead of the extract as blank control. RESULTS： 100 mg/mL ethanol extracts from the root， stem and leaves of P. rubra showed good antibacterial effect to above 6 kinds of bacteria， in descending order as stem＞leaves＞root. Among different polar parts from the stem of P. rubra， antibacterial effect of the ethyl acetate extract was best， especially for the S. aureus， the diameter of inhibition zone reached （38.93±0.12） mm， and both MIC and MBC were 0.39 mg/mL. The ethyl acetate extract could significantly inhibit the proliferation of S. aureus， and its alkaline phosphatase and protein content in suspension were increased significantly compared with blank control （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： The stem from P. rubra is effective antibacterial parts， and exhibit good antibacterial activity to 6 kinds of common pathogens. The ethyl acetate extract from the stem of P. rubra shows strongest antibacterial effect on S. aureus， and could gradually destroy the integrity of cell wall and cell membrane.

OBJECTIVE： To compare inhibitory effects of ethanol extract of different medicinal parts （root， stem， leaf， seed， flower and flesh） from Syzygium jambos on the activities of α-glycosidase and α-amylase. METHODS： Using half-inhibitory concentration value （IC50） as evaluation index， acarbose as positive control， inhibitory effects of ethanol extract of different medicinal parts from S. jambos on the activities of α-glycosidase （from yeast and small instestine in mice） and α-amylase were evaluated with in vitro inhibition model. The enzymatic dynamics and Lineweaver-Burk methods were used to analyze the inhibitory type of the best medicinal part on the activities of α-glycosidase and α-amylase. RESULTS： In the yeast α-glucosidase inhibitory activity test， the order of inhibitory activity was S. jambos seed＞S. jambos stem＞S. jambos leaf＞S. jambos root＞S. jambos flower＞S. jambos flesh＞acarbose. In the mice intestine α-glucosidase inhibitory activity test， the order of inhibitory activity was S. jambos seed＞S. jambos stem＞S. jambos root＞S. jambos leaf＞S. jambos flower＞S. jambos flesh＞acarbose. In the α-amylase inhibitory activity test， the order of inhibitory activity was acarbose＞S. jambos seed＞S. jambos stem＞S. jambos root＞S. jambos leaf＞S. jambos flesh＞S. jambos flower. Ethanol extract of S. jambos seed had the stronger inhibition activity against α-glucosidase from yeast，α-glucosidase from small intestine in mice and α-amylase than other medicinal parts [IC50 were（6.64±0.24）， （32.77±2.46） and （41.18±1.63） μg/mL]. Ethanol extract of S. jambos seed had the stronger inhibition activity against α-glucosidase than acarbose [IC50 to α-glucosidase from yeast and α-glucosidase from small intestine in mice were （2 833.33±5.48）， （1 304.21±6.45） μg/mL] （P＜0.05）. The inhibitory effect of ethanol extract from S. jambos on the activity of α-amylase was less than that of acarbose [IC50 was （27.27±1.24） μg/mL] （P＜0.05）. Enzymatic dynamics showed that the inhibitory type of ethanol extract from S. jambos seed on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were both reversible competitive inhibition. CONCLUSIONS： Among different parts of S. jambos such as root， stem， leaf， seed， flower and flesh， S. jambos seed shows the strongest inhibitory effects on the activities of α-glucosidase and α-amylase， which has the value of being developed for the treatment of diabetes or health food.

BACKGROUNDRRM1 may be a prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study is to evaluate RRM1 expression and prognosis in NSCLC by the means of tissue microarray.

METHODSA total of 417 paraffin-embedded specimens of NSCLC from Lung Cancer Study Center in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital were collected and tissue microarray was constructed. RRM1 expression was detected by SP method and its correlation with prognosis was evaluated.

RESULTSNo statistic difference was found in RRM1 expression in different gender, age, tumor site, histology, differentiation, T stage, N stage, M stage and pTNM stage groups (P > 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that RRM1 was not an independent prognostic factor (P > 0.05). At the multivariate analysis, differentiation and N stage were considered independent prognostic factors.

CONCLUSIONSRRM1 expression detected by immunohistology is not an independent prognostic factor in NSCLC. TNM stage is still the best prognostic factor up to now.

Objective:To study the effects of gantry acceleration limitations of a linear accelerator (linac) on the dosimetry of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans, machine efficiency, and dose verification result of VMAT plans and to explore the optimal selection of gantry motion models in the Pinnacle treatment planning system.Methods:Ten cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, sigmoid adenocarcinoma with retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis, and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast were each selected for this study. Then two models were set up in the Pinnacle v9.10 treatment planning system, namely the one allowing gantry acceleration and the one limiting gantry acceleration. The same field arrangement, optimized target parameters, and optimized weights of VMAT plans were adopted in the two models, in order to analyze the dosimetric variations in targets and organs at risk (OARs) and compare the differences in treatment time and gamma passing rates.Results:The treatment time of the enrolled patients under the model allowing gantry acceleration was significantly lower than that of the patients under the model limiting gantry acceleration was adopted ( t=-6.751, -0.209, -19.523, -28.999; P< 0.05) and decreased by 15.27%, 18.07%, 19.71%, and 28.75%, respectively. Meanwhile, the conformity and uniformity of target areas were affected, while there was no statistical significance in the gamma passing rates in the validation of VMAT plans ( P>0.05). For the cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the maximum dose to brainstem PRV increased by 1.25%. For the cases of lung cancer, the maximum dose to the spinal cord and lung V20 increased by 1.19% and 1.21%, respectively, while lung V5 decreased by 1.21%. For the cases of sigmoid adenocarcinoma with retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis, the mean doses to bilateral kidneys, livers, small intestine, and colon all increased. For the cases of breast cancer, lung V10 on the opposite side of cancer increased by 1.66% and the mean dose to the lungs on the same side of cancer decreased by 7.45%. Conclusions:The model allowing gantry acceleration allows the treatment time to be significantly shortened and the treatment efficiency improved. Although this model had the shortcomings such as affecting the conformity and uniformity of target areas to a certain extent and increasing the doses to some OARs, clinical requirements for dosimetry were still met. Therefore, it is recommended to use the model allowing gantry acceleration in the Pinnacle planning system.

Objective:To explore the radiological damage to cells induced by the delayed particles of 9C-ions for heavy ion therapy, as well as the microdosimetric distribution and biological effects of these particles on a single model of V79 Chinese hamster lung cells. Methods:The Monte Carlo program was employed to simulate the endonuclear absorbed doses of α particles with various energies (3-10 MeV) transported in cells (cell radius RC = 10 μm, nucleus radius RN = 5 μm). Then, the result were compared with the S values ( SN←N, SN←Cy, and SN←CS) derived using the medical internal radiation dose (MIRD) method to demonstrate the feasibility of Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, the energy deposition of the delayed particles of 9C-ions generated at three sites (i.e., on the surface and in the cytoplasm and nucleus of the V79 cell model) during their transport in targets was simulated, and the result ing cell surviving fraction was analyzed. Results:Monte Carlo and MIRD method yielded differences in S values of 1.91%-4.95% for SN←N (nucleus to nucleus), 1.48%-5.11% for SN←Cy (cytoplasm to nucleus), and -1.99% to 0.80% for SN←CS(surface to nucleus), indicating highly consistent S values derived using both method(differences < 6%). When a 9C-ion decayed on the surface of the V79 cell model and the produced secondary particles entered the cell, the average endonuclear absorbed dose was 10 -2 Gy orders of magnitude, with a cell surviving fraction of about 88%. In the case where decay occurred in the cytoplasm, the cell surviving fraction was about 80%. However, when the 9C ion decayed in the nucleus, α particles had short ranges and deposited most of their energy in the cell (mean endonuclear absorbed dose: 0.1 Gy). In this case, severe cell damage was induced, with the cell surviving fraction reducing to about 53%. Conclusions:9C-ions emit secondary charged particles due to decay, among which α particles cause great damage to cells when entering the nucleus and trigger evident biological effects.