General anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia and postoperative epidural analge-sia is capable of accelerating the recovery of gastrointestinal function,providing better postoperative pain re-lief,improving the patient's satisfaction as well as shortening hospitalization dates.The article summarized the mechanisms of epidural analgesia influencing the recovery of gastrointestinal function.

Objective To evaluate the reproducibility of ADC measurements at 1.5 vs 3.0 T and at 1.5 T of different scanners in liver,spleen and pancreas of healthy volunteers.Methods Abdominal DWI were performed on 33 healthy volunteers by using GE 1.5 T,Siemens 1.5 T and Philips 3.0 T MR scanners.The mean ADC values of liver,spleen,pancreatic head,body,and tail were calculated.The ADC data were analyzed by using paired-sample t tests.Results The mean ADC of liver at GE 1.5 T,Siemens 1.5T and Philips 3.0 T were (1.56 ±0.10) ×10-3,(1.67 ±0.15) ×10-3 and(1.35 ±0.12) ×10-3 mm2/s,spleen were (0.96±0.10) × 10 3,(0.98 ±0.11) ×10-3and(0.81 ±0.14) × 10-3 mm2/s,pancreatic head were (2.09 ± 0.27) × 10-3,(2.20 ± 0.21) × 10-3 and (2.05 ± 0.27) × 10-3 mm2/s,pancreatic body were (2.03 ± 0.27) × 10-3,(2.09 ± 0.30) × 10-3 and (1.76 ± 0.25) × 10-3 mm2/s,pancreatic tail were (1.88 ± 0.28) × 10-3,(1.88 ± 0.27) × 10-3 and (1.56 ± 0.27) × 10-3 mm2/s,respectively.From the aspect of different field strength MR scanners,there were significant differences in mean ADC of liver (t =11.073,P ＜0.01 in GE 1.5 T vs Philips 3.0 T; t =12.795,P ＜0.01 in Siemens 1.5 T vs Philips 3.0 T),spleen (t =4.143,P ＜ 0.01 in GE 1.5 T vs Philips 3.0 T; t =5.376,P ＜ 0.01 in Siemens 1.5 T vs Philips 3.0 T),pancreatic body (t =4.677,P ＜ 0.01 in GE 1.5 T vs Philips 3.0 T; t =5.174,P ＜0.01 in Siemens 1.5 T vs Philips 3.0 T) and tail (t =5.356,P ＜0.01 in GE 1.5 T vs Philips 3.0 T; t =4.648,P ＜0.01 in Siemens 1.5 T vs Philips 3.0 T),but there were no significant differences in mean ADC of pancreatic head (t =0.340,P ＞ 0.05 in GE 1.5 T vs Philips 3.0 T; t =1.349,P ＞ 0.05 in Siemens 1.5 T vs Philips3.0 T).From the aspect of different 1.5 T MR scanners,there were significant differences in mean ADC of liver (t =-4.563,P ＜ 0.01),but there were no significant differences in mean ADC of spleen (t =-0.732,P ＞ 0.05),pancreatic head (t =-0.879,P ＞ 0.05),body (t =-1.020,P ＞0.05) and tail (t =0.054,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Between 1.5 T and 3.0 T MR scanners,there were significant differences in mean ADC of liver,spleen,pancreatic body and tail,but there were no significant differences in mean ADC of pancreatic head.At different 1.5 T MR scanners,there were significant differences in mean ADC of liver,but there were no significant differences in mean ADC of spleen,pancreatic head,body and tail.

BACKGROUND: As dental implants, pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V has achieved broad clinical applications, but they also contain toxic vanadium and aluminum element. Moreover, their elastic modulus is so high as to produce stress shield. OBJECTIVE: To examine the micro-hardness and elastic modulus of the self-made Ti-30Nb-8Zr-2Mo titanium alloy. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An observational experiment was performed at the laboratory of College of Material Science and Engineering at Hebei University of Technology between March 2003 and February 2006. MATERIALS: Titanium alloy was prepared using titanium sponge (≥ 99% purify), niobium strip (≥ 99.9% purify), molybdenum powder (≥ 99% purify) and zirconium sponge (≥ 99.4% purify).METHODS: The micro-hardness of the specimens was determined after uniformly annealing, hot-forging and solution. Compression test was conducted on post-aging samples. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hardness and stress-strain curve.RESULTS: The maximal alloy strength was obtained after solution under 800 ℃ for 0.5 hours. Post-aging alloy's hardness was improved significantly although little change occurred on solution alloy. Compressive strength of alloy samples was 1 054 MPa, while elastic modulus reached 16.5 GPa. CONCLUSION: Both micro-hardness and elastic modulus of the self-made Ti-30Nb-8Zr-2Mo titanium alloy have satisfied performance requirements for dental implant materials.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the polymorphisms in gene FGFR1, FGF10, FGFI8 and the nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NS CLP) in Chinese population. Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral lymphocytes of 75 patients with NS CLP and their parents and 75 unimpaired healthy children. The polymorphisms in FGFRI gene rs13317, p. E467K, p. M3691 and p. S393S, FGF10 gene rs1448037 and FGFI8 gene rs4043716 were detected by applying three-dimensional (3-D) polyacrylamide gel microarray technology. The data were performed using statis-tical analysis : the genotype frequenc+ y and allele frequency between patients with NSCL/P and control subjects were performed. Haplotype relative risk (HRR) , family based association test (FBAT) , and transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) in nuclear family were performed. Results: There were no poly-morphism in FGFR1 gene p. E467K, p. M369I and p. $393S site, the corresponding base was all G. The polymorphisms of rs13317 and rs1448037 were detected and their genotype frequency and allele frequen-cy showed no significant difference between 75 patients with NSCL/P and 75 normal children. TDT, HRR and FBAT were also no significant differences. The genotype frequency of gene FGF18 rs4043716 showed significant difference, but allele frequency were no significant difference. TDT, HRR and FBAT were also no significant difference. Conclusion: Our studies suggest an association between gene FGF18 rs4043716 and the NS CLP in Chinese population, and no association among gene FGFR1 rs13317, p. FA67K, p. M3691, p. S393S and gene FGF10 rs1448037.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics and outcomes of adult critically ill patients with COVID-19 and identify the risk factors correlated with in-hospital deaths. METHODS: This study was conducted among 20 confirmed adult cases of COVID-19 in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Honghu People's Hospital in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province. According to the final outcome, the patients were divided into survivor group and death group with 10 patients each. The demographic data, clinical manifestations and signs, laboratory findings, treatment measures and clinical outcomes were obtained from electronic medical records to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes between the two groups. Univariate logistic analysis was used to analyze the risk factors associated with in-hospital death. RESULTS: The mean age of patients with confirmed COVID-19 was 70 ± 12 years, and 40% of them were male. The patients were admitted to ICU 11 ± 9 days after symptom onset. The most common symptoms on admission were cough (19 cases), fatigue or myalgia (18 cases), fever (17 cases) and dyspnea (16 cases). Eleven (55%) of the patients had underlying diseases, among which hypertension was the most common (11 cases), followed by cardiovascular disease (4 cases) and diabetes (3 cases). Six (30%) of the patients received invasive mechanical ventilation and continued renal replacement therapy but eventually died. Acute cardiac injury was the most common complication (19 cases). Half of the patients died between the 2nd and 19th day after ICU admission. Compared with dead patients, the surviving patients had a lower average body weight (61.70±2.36 68.60±7.15 kg, =0.01) and a higher Glasgow Coma Index (14.69 ± 0.70 12.70 ± 2.45, =0.03), and were less likely to develop shock (2 10, =0.001) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (2 10, =0.001). CONCLUSIONS Critically ill patients with COVID-19 are generally older. A higher body weight and a lower lymphocyte count are potentially associated with a greater likeliness of fatality in ICU patients with COVID-19.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; Critical Illness ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; Retrospective Studies