AIM: To investigate the pentanucleotide repeat(PNR) polymorphism of apolipoprotein(a) in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) in Hubei area, and evaluate the association of polymorphism of apo(a) PNR with the level of serum lipid. METHODS: Objects examined were composed of two groups: 88 patients with CHD and 153 healthy controls. Lp(a), TC,TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ApoAⅠand ApoB of two groups were tested. Meanwhile,the PNR in the 5' control region of the Apo(a) was detected by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and high voltage polyacrylamid gels electropherosis. RESULTS: The serum Lp(a), TC, TG and LDL-C levels were remarkably higher in the CHD than that in control( P

Objective To explore the role of spinal monocyte chemoattractant protein?1 ( MCP?1) ?extracellular signal?regulated protein kinase ( ERK)?kinesin superfamily motor protein 17 ( KIF17)∕N?methyl?D?aspartate receptor subunit 2B ( NR2B) signaling pathway in the maintenance of type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) in rats. Methods Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced by a high?fat and high?sucrose diet and intraperitoneal streptozotocin ( STZ) 35 mg∕kg, and confirmed by fasting blood glucose level≥16?7 mmol∕L 3 days later in male Sprague?Dawley rats aged 6 weeks. Type 2 DNP was confirmed when the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold ( MWT ) and thermal paw withdrawl latency ( TWL ) measured on day 14 after STZ administration decreased to< 80% of the baseline value. The rats with type 2 DNP were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=36 each) using a random number table: type 2 DNP group (group DNP), type 2 DNP +MCP?1 neutralizing antibody group (group DM), type 2 DNP +ERK inhibi?tor group (group DE) and type 2 DNP + dimethyl sulfoxide group ( group DD). In DM, DE and DD groups, 0?1 ng∕μl MCP?1 neutralizing antibody 10 μl, 0?5 μg∕μl U0126 10 μl and 5 % dimethyl sulfoxide 10 μl were injected intrathecally, respectively, once a day for 14 consecutive days starting from 14 days after administration of STZ. Another 36 normal rats fed a common forage diet were adopted as con?trol group ( group C) . MWT and TWL were measured before STZ injection and at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after STZ injection ( T0-4 ) . Nine rats were sacrificed after measurement of pain thresholds at T1-4 , and the lumbar segments ( L4-6 ) of the spinal cord were removed for determination of the expression of phosphoryla?ted ERK (p?ERK), KIF17 and phosphorylated NR2B (p?NR2B) by Western blot. Results Compared with group C, the MWT was significantly decreased, the TWL was shortened, and the expression of p?ERK, KIF17 and p?NR2B was up?regulated at T1-4 in DNP, DM, DE and DD groups. Compared with group DNP, the MWT at T3-4 in group DM and at T2-4 in group DE was significantly increased, the TWL at T3-4 in group DM and at T2-4 in group DE was prolonged, and the expression of p?ERK, KIF17 and p?NR2B was down?regulated at T2-4 in DM and DE groups, and no significant changes were found in the pa?rameters mentioned above in group DD. Conclusion Spinal MCP?1?ERK?KIF17∕NR2B signaling pathway is involved in the maintenance of type 2 DNP in rats.

Objective To explore the role and mechanism of microRNA-15b in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs).Methods PCR assay was used to determine the expression of microRNA-15b in the HMrSV5 induced by 138mmol/L high glucose for 24 h.MicmRNA-15b mimic or inhibitor was transfected into human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HMrSV5) to over-express or down-regulate microRNA-15b.The cells were then incubated with 138 mmol/L high glucose for 24 h,and the expressions of E-cadherin(E-Cad),Vimentin (VIM),Fibronectin(FN) and Smad7 were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting respectively.Results microRNA-15b in the HMrSV5 ceils was over-expressed and down-regulated.Increased level of microRNA-15b was obtained in HMrSV5 cells treated with high glucose.In vitro,high glucose led to the up-regulation of vimentin as well as fibronectin and the down-regulation of E-cadherin in HMrSV5 cells (all P ＜ 0.05),which indicated EMT and fibrosis.Suppression of microRNA-15b by transfection with microRNA-15b inhibitor partially reversed the EMT and fibrosis changes (P ＜ 0.05),while over-expression of microRNA-15b by transfection with microRNA-15b mimic obviously enhanced the EMT and fibrosis changes (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions MicroRNA-15b mediates high glucose induced EMT in human peritoneal mesothelial cells by the inhibition of Smad7 possibly.MicroRNA-15b maybe a new target for the prevention and treatment of peritoneal fibrosis during peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Objective To investigate the distribution of pelvic recurrence in rectal cancer after radical resection and analyze the outcome and prognostic factors of pelvic recurrent rectal cancer treated with radiotherapy. Methods Ninety-three patients with pelvic recurrent rectal cancer who received radiotherapy from August 2000 to August 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Of them, 21 patients received pelvic radiation alone;56 received pelvic radiation plus chemotherapy and 16 received pelvic radiation plus surgery and/or chemotherapy. Radiotherapy was delivered with 60Coγor 6/15 MV X ray to a median dose of 59. 4Gy (range,20-74 Gy). Conventional fractionation was used in 90 patients. Chemotherapy was given to 68patients with a median number of 3 cycles ( range, 1 - 8 cycles). Concurrent chemo-radiation with 5-FU based regimen was given to 42 patients. After radiotherapy, 16 patients underwent surgical resection, with 7R0 resection and 9 palliative resection. Results The entire cohort included 132 recurrent sites. The most common recurrent sites were peri-rectal region ( 31.8% ), pre-sacral region ( 30. 3% ) and internal iliac nodal region (20. 2% ). The follow-up rate was 92% for the entire cohort, 39 and 4 patients had minimum follow-up time of 2 and 5 years respectively. Overall clinical response ( complete and partial symptomatic relief) was achieved in 83% of the patients after radiation therapy. The 2-and 5-year local progression-free survival rates were 49% and 22% respectively, and the 2-and 5-year overall survival rates were 46% and 14% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that treatment modality was the independent prognostic factor for local progression-free survival. Patients treated with radiation plus surgery and/or chemotherapy had better local progression-free survival than those treated with radiation plus chemotherapy or radiation alone.Recurrent tumors larger than 5 cm in diameter, disease-free interval less than 2 years and distant metastasis after radiotherapy were independent unfavorable prognostic factors for overall survival. Conclusions Perirectal region, pre-sacral region and internal iliac nodal region were the most common pelvic recurrent sites in rectal cancer. Radiotherapy is an effective palliative approach for patients with pelvic recurrent rectal cancer.Radiotherapy plus surgery and/or chemotherapy was associated with better local progression-free survival,and recurrent tumors lager than 5 cm in diameter, disease-free interval less than 2 years and distant metastasis after radiotherapy were unfavorable prognostic factors for overall survival of pelvic recurrent rectal caner.

Aims Toevaluatethepharmacodynamic efficacy of different types of antiangiogenic agents as HM-3 on a non-small cell lung cancer xenografts tumor model .To explore the interaction between the antian-giogenic agents and the tumor microenvironment,and to offer suggestions for clinical therapy.Methods Thenon-smallcelllungcarcinomaxenograftmodelwas established in Balb/c nude mice.The model mice were treated with Docetaxel(10 mg·kg-1 )as the positive control.The mice were parallelly treated with,HM-3 at the doses of 3 mg · kg-1 and 48 mg · kg-1 and, Avastin(5 mg·kg-1 ).The parameters include tumor volume,tumor weight and immunohistochemical analy-sis.Result Animalexperimentsshowedthatdocetaxel had good anti-tumor activity.Tumor growth inhibition by tumor weight of G2 docetaxel(10 mg·kg-1 )group was 60. 80%.Tumor growth inhibition by tumor weight of G3 HM-3(3 mg·kg-1 )group,G4 HM-3(48 mg· kg-1 )group ,G4 Avastin(5 mg·kg-1 )group,were 43. 60%,-34. 80%,44. 40%,respectively.Con-clusion Theantigiogeniceffectisaffectedbytumor growth stage,tumor microenvironment and their work-ing mechanisms.Angiogenesis inhibitors HM-3 has a certain effect of inhibiting tumor growth,but to little a-vail.HM-3 shows on inhibitory effect in a dose-de-pendent manner at the doses of 0~6 mg·kg-1 .HM-3 at a high dose of 48 mg · kg-1 has no inhibitory but promoting effects on human non-small cell lung carci-noma A549 xenografts in nude mice .Special dose-effect relationship indicates that dosage should be paid attention to in the clinical use of blood vessel inhibi-tors.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of heme oxygenase 1,NAD(P)H:quinine oxidoreductase 1 and Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 in the lung tissue of acute H2S-intoxicated rats and intervention effects of ulinastratin(UTI).Methods A total of 96 SD rats of clean grade were divided randomly(random number)into four groups:normal control group(NS group,n =8),UTI control group(UTI group,n =8),H2S-intoxicated model group(H2S group,n =40,rats were exposed to H2S(200 × 10-6)for 1 h to establish the H2S-intoxicated model)and UTI treatment group(H2S +UTI group,n =40,rats were intraperitoneal injected with the dose of UTI 105 U/kg).H2S group and H2S + UTI group were sacrificed 2,6,12,24 and 48 h after modeling.The activity and mRNA expression of HO-1 and NQO-1 in the lung tissue were measured by ELISA and RT-PCR methods,and the expression of Nrf2 mRNA and protein in the lung tissue was detected by RT-PCR and Western Blot methods.Pathological changes of lung tissue were observed by lightmicroscope and the lung injury score was used to evaluate inhalation injury.Results The pulmonary HO-1 activity and mRNA expression in rats of H2S group at 2,6,12 h(P ＜ 0.01)after intoxication were markedly increased than that in NS group:In comparison with H2S group,the pulmonary HO-1 activity and mRNA expression increased at 6,12,24,48 h(P ＜0.01).The pulmonary NQO-1 activity and mRNA expression in rats of H2S group at 2,6,12,24 h(P＜ 0.01)after intoxication were markedly increased than that in NS group; In comparison with H2S group,the pulmonary NQO-1 activity and mRNA expression increased at 6,12,24,48 h(P ＜ 0.01).The pulmonary Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in rats of H2S group at 2,6,12 h(P ＜0.01 or P ＜0.05)after modeling were markedly increased than that in NS group and reached peak 2 hour after modeling; In comparison with H2S group,the pulmonary Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression increased at 6,12,24,48 h(P ＜0.01).At 24 h after modeling,the degree of lung damage were also decreased in H2S group compared with H2S + UTI group in the lightmicroscope.Histopathological examination showed that the degree of lung injury in H2S + UTI group was less severe than that in H2S group especially in the 12,24 and 48 h (P ＜0.01).Conclusions HO-1,NQO-1 and Nrf2 are involved in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury induced by H2S-intoxicated in rats.UTI may improve the imbalance in redox and activate HO-1,NQO-1 and Nrf2 can reduce lung injury and protect the lung injury induced by H2S in rats.

Objective To evaluate the volume of left ventricle (LV) based on PET-CT in left-sided breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy. To assess the impact of dose and volume in interrelations for heart and cardiac sub-structures using dose-volume histograms. Methods From October 2008 to February 2009, 14 patients with post-operatively confirmed left-sided breast cancer were enrolled in this study. Patients were scanned using contrast enhanced CT for simulation and FDG PET-CT have been applied to display the structure of left ventricle in each patient before radiotherapy (RT). The LV has been delineated based on PET-CT. Other critical sub-structures, such as left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) have been contoured in each patient. The six-field simple intensity modulated radiotherapy (slMRT)technique has been created in all patients. Results The mean volumes of left ventricle based on PET-CT (LV-PET) were 112. 931 cm3. The volume of LV receiving ≥50% prescription dose highly correlated with the volume of heart receiving ≥50% prescription dose (R = 0. 869, P = 0. 000). There was less correlation between the volume of LAD and the volume of heart receiving ≥ 50% prescription dose ( R = 0. 220, P =0. 440). Conclusions The left ventricle could be delineated efficiently based on imaging of PET-CT. The volume of LV receiving higher dose in RT has high correlation with the volume of heart using sIMRT technique. It may pave the way for further exploring radiation induced cardiac injury in patients with breast cancer.

Objective To understand college students on-site first aid training demand situation in Chongqing ,in order to provide the basis for college students to carry out on-site first aid training .Methods Using stratified random sampling method ,a question-naire survey was conducted on 1 232 students of 6 university in Chongqing .Results 90 .9% of the students hoped that they could master the on-site first-aid knowledge and skills ,students of different genders had significant differences on learning attitude of field first aid knowledge(P<0 .05) .The on-site first-aid knowledge among college students in Chongqing city most wanted to know was thetrauma emergency stop(74 .8% ) ,the most loving way of learning was to the hospital or emergency center study tour(47 .7% ) ,The love of on-site first aid training and learning style were theory teaching+watch video teaching or teacher demon-stration+classroom practice (63 .6% ) ,The operation way of learning the most love was teacher ,all the students into groups of two ,mutual operation practice(65 .9% ) ,and in both gender and specialty had significant differences(P<0 .05) .The survey of col-lege students in Chongqing city training status display results ,43 .5% of the students never received on-site first aid training .In ad-dition ,college students receive on-site first aid training frequencies were low ,48 .6% students in more than 2 years received 1 ses-sions of training .while the rescue confidence survey of college students after the on-site first aid training ,only 13 .1% of the students“completely had the confidence to do” .Conclusion College students in Chongqing have strong desire to learn on-site first aid training ,and there are differences in gender and major on demand ,past state of first aid training is poor ,in urgent need of the relevant departments give attention ,and formulate the on-site first aid training programs to improve college students′competence .

Objective: To investigate correlations between motor skills with focused and shifting attention among preschool children, and to provide basis for the overall development of preschool children aged 4-6 years. Methods: During March to June 2020, a total of 165 preschool children aged 4-6 years were selected and investigated with subscales of the Bruininks Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 2nd Edition (BOT-2) for agility and limb bilateral coordination assessment, and subscales of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children test 2nd Edition (MABC-2) for throwing and catching skill assessment, as well as balance subscale for the assessment of limb movement coordination, hand eye coordination, agility, and balance. The Kansas Reflection Impulsivity Scale for Preschoolers for Pre schoolers (KRISP) and Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) were used to assess focused and shifting attention levels. Correlation and linear regression analyses were performed for statistical analysis. Results: Except for one handed throwing skills and shifting attention, there were statistically significant gender differences between boys and girls in total score of body movement coordination, total score of hand to eye coordination, hand to hand connection, total score of agility of movement, total score of movement balance, static support, walking on tiptoe, foot to foot jump and focused attention( t =-6.86, -2.00 ,-3.15,-3.75,-3.00,-2.95,-2.18,-2.11,-3.21, P ＜0.05), and girls were better than boys; children s total score of body movement coordination, total score of hand to eye coordination, hand to hand connection, agility of movement, walking on tiptoe and focused attention improves with age( r =0.47,0.41,0.47,0.51,0.16,0.31, P ＜0.05); After excluding the interference of gender and age, total score of body movement coordination was significantly correlated with preschool children s focused attention( β=0.31,95%CI =0.08-0.39, P ＜0.01). Conclusion Limb movement coordination and focused attention are significantly and positively correlated among preschool children aged 4-6 years. Therefore, preschool education and family activities should focus on designing and developing limb movement coordination related games and courses to enhance the focused attention of and form favorable attention quality in preschool children aged 4-6 years.

Based on Moens-Korteweg model & hydrostatic principle, a simple calibration method by changing vertical distance between heart and radial artery is proposed in this paper. Using hydrostatic pressure to change arterial pressure and pulse wave transmit time, consequently obtain several sets of cardiovascular parameters and finally build up relationship between blood pressure and pulse wave transmit time. Clinical tests have been carried with different age and gender for long and short time monitoring. The comparison results with Sphygmomanometer OMRON EW3152 show its promising accuracy and coincidence feature in blood pressure measurement.
Blood Pressure Determination ; instrumentation ; methods ; Blood Pressure Monitors ; Calibration ; Equipment Design