Objective Few researches have been reported on the gene methylation in children with steroid-sensitive nephrot-ic syndrome (SSNS) or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS).This study aimed to investigate the possible pathogenesis and therapeutic target of SSNS and SDNS by screening differentially methylated genes ( DMGs) and bioinformatic analysis using DNA meth-ylation microarray. Methods This study included 3 hospitalized children with SSNS and another 4 with SDNS, all treated with full dose of prednisone ( 2 mg per kilogram of the body weight per day or 60 mg per m2 per day).Negative urine protein was achieved within 4 weeks in the former group , while the latter , though sensitive to hor-monal therapy , relapsed within 2 weeks after drug withdrawal or dose reduction .DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of the patients in both groups for screening DMGs and bioinformatic analysis using DNA methylation microarray . Results Compared with the patients with SSNS, 318 DMGs were found in the SDNS group , among which 193 were hypermethylated and the other 125 hypomethylated .These abnormal genes were mainly located in the open reading frame of DNA and the CpG island region .DMGs were mainly involved in Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity , nucleoside-triphosphatase regulator activity , GTPase activator activity , and other molecular functions .The biological processes were chiefly associ-ated with the regulation of the generation of precursor metabolites and energy , antigen processing and presentation , regulation of Rho and Ras protein signal transduction , lamellipodium assembly , regeneration , and other biological processes .The cell composition was mainly related to MHC protein complexes , perichromatin fibrils , and the MHC class I protein complex .Analysis of the KEGG signaling pathway showed that DMGs participated in 9 signaling pathways , involving type I diabetes , starch and sucrose metabolism , allograft re-jection, autoimmune thyroid disease , and others. Conclusion The heterogeneity of methylation is widespread in children with SDNS and may be one of the causes of steroid dependence , which has provided a basis for searching for potential therapeutic targets .

microRNAs play an important regulative role in body's growth and development,and the development of the disease process.Much microRNAs can maintain normal kidney function and regulate kidney pathological process,the miR-30a has extensive effect on kidney development and progression of renal diseases.In this review,a brief overview on the role of miR-30a in renal pathology is presented.

Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is a relatively difficult clinical type of treatment.The major therapy measures in present include steroid and immunosuppressant.Commonly used immunosuppressant include tacrolimus,cyclosporin,cyclophosphamide,mycophenolate mofetil,ect.Tacrolimus-induced clinical remission rate is superior to other immunosuppressive agents,has been the first-line agent of SRNS.Because of the individual difference in metabolism,the drug concentration of tacrolimus should be determined periodically.In order to obtain optimal efficacy of tacrolimus and reduce renal toxicity,the treatment protocols of small doses with long courses for children with SRNS were recommended.

Objective Through selecting abnormal DNA methylation of children steroid resistance nephrotic syndrome and bioinformatics analysis to find the pathogenesis of steroid resistance nephrotic syndrome and provide new targets for therapy. Methods We use illumine 450K methylation chip to detected blood gene DNA methylation of 9 cases of children primary nephrotic syndrome. 9 cases were divided into 2 groups: G1 is the group of steroid sensitive nephritic syndrome, a total of 4 cases; G2 is the group of steroid resistance nephrotic syndrome, a total of 5 cases. Selected the abnormal DNA methylation in children steroid resistant nephritic syndrome, clarified the function of those genes through using functional annotation of gene GO, enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis, conducted the preliminary analysis on children with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome of gene methylation. Results Compared with the control group, G2 has a number of genes that were extensively methylated. According to the results of bioinformatics analysis, the abnormal DNA methylation in G2 is the components of the various kinds of organelles and cell membrane. They also regulated the polymerization and composition of cytoskeleton and actin, as well as involved in the process of metabolism of many amino acids and drug. Conclusions The abnormal DNA methylation in the group 2 have extensive role, offering possibility of clinical prediction and provided potential therapeutic targets.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the treatment for benign tumor of external auditory canal by carbon dioxide laser under microscope. METHOD: Ten cases of benign tumor of external auditory canal were treated by carbon dioxide laser under microscope. The curative effects and complications were observed. RESULT: Ten cases of benign tumor of external auditory canal were satisfied after operation without any complications. There were no recurrences during 3 months to 2 years of follow up. CONCLUSION The operation for benign tumor of external auditory canal by carbon dioxide laser under microscope was easy, safe and effective.
Ear Canal ; pathology ; Ear Neoplasms ; therapy ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Lasers, Gas ; Microscopy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasms

Objective To investigate the recognition of nurses and patients on chosing daily caregivers and analyze the influencing factors. Method Totally 1,119 nurses and 1,134 patients from five first-class and two second-class hospitals in Zhuhai participated in the survey using self-designed questionnaires from April to June in 2014. Results There were significant differences between nurses and patients in all life nursing projects (P<0.001) except making beds for patients. The top three factors influencing the nurses′recognition were shortage of nursing staff and time, less presence of professional values and feeling no respects. The top three factors influencing the patients′recognition included tending to be nursed by family members, worries about medical expenses, and nurses′being too busy on treatment. Conclusion The different recognitions of nurses and patients on daily caregivers are influenced by multiple factors. Therefore , nursing managers should take some effective strategies to change the concepts of nurses and patients so as to improve quality of nursing service.

Cochlear Implantation ; HIV Infections ; Humans

Objective To investigate the microRNAs expression profile in human colorectal cancer with or without liver metastasis and try to screen miRNA associated with liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. Methods Twenty five surgical resected colorectal cancer specimens were collected and frozen in liquid nitrogen. Three without liver metastasis and three with liver metastasis were selected, from which total RNAs were isolated. The expressions of miRNAs in these two types of specimens were detected by illumine microRNA microarray, and the difference of miRNA expression was screened. The biochip results were verified with real-time RT-PCR in all colorectal caner specimens. Results The miRNA expression was significantly different in colorectal cancer with liver metastasis and without liver metastasis. Compared with colorectal cancer without liver metastasis, 28 miRNA expressions was different in colorectal cancer with liver metastasis, 4 up regulated and 24 down regulated. The quantity of miR-139-3p expression in colorectal cancer with liver metastasis was 1.75±0.40, up regulated compared with that incolorectal cancer without liver metastasis(0. 69 ±0.58,P＜0.05). The quantity of miR-19a expression in liver metastasis was 0. 39±0. 20, downregulated compare with no liver metastasis( 1.38 ± 0.98, P＜0. 05). The result of miRNA biochip was consistent with that of RT-PCR. Conclusion The difference of miRNA expression might relate to liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. The specific miRNAs expression profile might provide new target for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer with liver metastasis.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma (PGIL) on different origin site in order to improve its diagnosis.Methods The clinical data from 202 patients with PGIL diagnosed by histology from January 1999 to June 2007 were identified from the clinical databases of 8 hospitals in Wuhan area and retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into gastric,small intestinal and large intestinal lymphoma groups according to the site of origin and there clinical characteristics were compared.Results The PGIL localization was gastric in 113 (56.0%) cases, small intestine in 37(18.3%) cases and large intestine in 52 (25.7%) cases.One hundred and thirty (64.4%) were males and 72 (35.6%) were females.The male patients were predominant.The median duration of symptoms in gastric lymphoma group was longer than small intestinal lymphoma group (3.0 months vs.1.0 month,P=0.013).The most common symptoms were abdominal pain and anemia. The clinical stage was Ⅰ E and Ⅱ E in 71.3% of cases.The large intestinal lymphoma group presented more advanced-stage disease compared with gastric lymphoma group (P = 0.014).The frequent histological type was mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT),diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and T-cell lymphoma.Gastric,small intestinal and large intestinal lymphomas presented more frequently as low-grade MALT lymphoma (56.9%),T-cell lymphoma (34.4%) and high-grade B-cell lymphoma (51.1%),respectively (all P value ＜0.05).The common macroscopic type of PGIL were nodular protruding and ulcerative type.Compared with gastric lymphoma,nodular protruding type was more common and ulcerative type was less common in large intestinal lymphoma (P = 0.000).The diagnosis confirmed by endoscopic biopsy were 58.7% (61/104),25.0% (4/16),48.2% (13/27) in gastric,small intestinal and large intestinal lymphoma groups,respectively.Conclusions The clinical characteristics are different in patients with different localization of PGIL including patient characters, initial symptoms,histological classification,clinical stage,macroscopic feature,endoscopic findings. Analysis of these clinical characteristics is helpful to improve its diagnosis.

Objective:To evaluate the role of Jumonji domain-containing 3 (JMJD3) in cisplatin-induced renal fibrosis following acute kidney injury in mice.Methods:Forty-eight healthy C57BL/6 male mice, aged 8-10 weeks, weighing 20-30 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=12 each) using a random number table method: control group (group CON), control plus JMJD3 inhibitor group (group CON-A), cisplatin group (group CIS), and cisplatin plus JMJD3 inhibitor group (group CIS-A). In group CIS and group CIS-A, cisplatin was intraperitoneally administered on 1st and 14th days, respectively, to develop a renal fibrosis model in mice with acute kidney injury, and the JMJD3 inhibitor GSKJ4 10 mg/kg and equal volume of PBS were intraperitoneally injected on 4th day, respectively, once every 3 days, 6 injections in total.The equal volume of PBS and GSKJ4 10 mg/kg were intraperitoneally injected at the corresponding time points in group CON and group CON-A, respectively.Six mice in each group were selected, and orbital blood samples were collected on 3rd day after the first injection of cisplatin to determine the concentrations of serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), then the animals were sacrificed, and kidney tissues were obtained for microscopic examination of pathological changes after HE and PAS staining (with a light microscope), and the damage to kidneys was assessed and scored.Six mice were sacrificed on 28th day after the first injection of cisplatin, and kidney tissues were removed for determination of the area of renal fibrosis ( via Sirius red and Masson staining), expression of fibronectin (Fn), collagen type Ⅰ (Col Ⅰ) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (by immunofluorescence), F4/80 + cell and CD3 + cell count (using immunohistochemical method), and expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16), and monocyte chemoattractant protein1 (MCP-1) mRNA (by real-time polymerase chain reaction). Results:Compared with group CON, the serum BUN and Cr concentrations, renal injury scores, and area of renal fibrosis were significantly increased, the expression of Fn, Col Ⅰ and α-SMA was up-regulated, the F4/80 + cell and CD3 + cell count was increased, and the expression of IL-6, CXCL16, TNF-α and MCP-1 mRNA was up-regulated in group CIS ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group CON-A ( P>0.05). Compared with group CON-A, the serum BUN and Cr concentrations, renal injury scores, and area of renal fibrosis were significantly increased, the expression of Fn, Col Ⅰ and α-SMA was up-regulated, the F4/80 + cell and CD3 + cell count was increased, and the expression of IL-6, CXCL16, TNF-α and MCP-1 mRNA was up-regulated in group CIS-A ( P<0.05). Compared with group CIS, the serum BUN and Cr concentrations, renal injury scores, and area of renal fibrosis were significantly decreased, the expression of Fn, Col Ⅰ and α-SMA was down-regulated, the F4/80 + cell and CD3 + cell count was decreased, and the expression of IL-6, CXCL16, TNF-α and MCP-1 mRNA was down-regulated in group CIS-A ( P<0.05). Conclusions:JMJD3 is involved in the process of renal fibrosis following acute kidney injury in mice, and the mechanism may be related to promotion of inflammatory responses.