Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is gradually replacing conventional radiation therapy and has become the mainstream radical treatment for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). IMRT can conform and increase radiation doses to tu-mor-associated regions as well as decrease exposure doses and volumes on normal organs and tissues to avoid damage on critical or-gans. Aside from system and setup errors, other factors, such as the gradual reduction of the primary NPC lesion and the decrease in vol-ume of involved neck lymph nodes as well as body weight loss and changes in the head and neck shape during IMRT, may cause devia-tions in the radiation doses and volume delivered to the NPC targets and the organs at risk. These factors may affect the accuracy of IMRT. Several researchers have attempted to correct such deviations during IMRT for NPC patients by using adaptive radiotherapy (ART). The results indicate that ART is feasible to a certain degree and can correct the deviations, including decrease in tumor volume, body weight loss, and changes in head and neck shape of NPC patients.

Objective To study the optimization process of matching conditions using glutaraldehyde (GDA) as crosslinking agent of hemoglobin based oxygen carriers (HBOCs),to further reduce the average molecular weight and the content of super-weight molecular,and improve the conversion ratio of polymerization.Methods The orthogonal designs were done on the basis of the previous single influencing factor research of human placenta hemoglobin crosslinking GDA.Three factors were selected including molar ratio of GDA to hemoglobin,mass concentration of hemoglobin and the rate of the feeding GDA.Results The molar ratio of GDA to hemoglobin is the most important influencing factor on the molecular weight distribution of polymerized hemoglobin,followed by the mass concentration of hemoglobin and the rate of feeding GDA.When analyzing the impact on the mean molecular weight,there were significant differences between mean molecular weight corresponding to different molar ratios of GDA to hemoglobin (P＜0.05),while there was no statistical significance between mean molecular weight corresponding to different mass concentrations of hemoglobin and the rates of feeding GDA (P＞0.05).When analyzing the impact on the effective conversion ratio,there were significant differences between effective conversion ratios corresponding to different molar ratios of GDA to hemoglobin and different mass concentrations of hemoglobin (P＜0.05),while there were no statistical significances between effective conversion ratios corresponding to different rates of feeding GDA (P＞0.05).When analyzing the impact on the content of super-weight molecular,there were significant differences between content of super-weight molecular corresponding to different molar ratios of GDA to hemoglobin,while there were no statistical significances between content of super-weight molecular corresponding to different mass concentrations of hemoglobin and different rates of feeding GDA.Conclusions The optimal matching conditions of hemoglobin polymerization process were determined by orthogonal designs.

ObjectiveTo study the CT values of certain phantoms scanned by various CT scanners with dissimilar parameters.Methods The CT values of tissue equivalent inserts was measured in the TM164 and CIRS-062 phantom scanned by TOSHIBA AQUILIONTM,SIEMENS SOMATOMTMSENSATIONTM 64 and SIEMENS SOMATOMTM SENSATIONTM OPEN with different voltages,currents and slice thicknesses and then the corresponding CT-to-density curves was compared. Results There are no significant differences of CT values with various currents and slice thicknesses and also for low atom number materials scanned by different scanners with various tube voltages.The CT values of high atom number materials have obvious differences scanned with tube voltage,the maximum is about 400 HU.There are also significant differences between CT-density curves of two phantoms in the range from soft tissues to dense bone,the maximum is up to 500 HU.ConclusionsCT-density curves were highly affected by materials of phantoms,scanners and tube voltages.It is necessary to measure the curve with a comfortable phantom and certain scanner to assure the accuracy for dose calculation for treatment planning system.

Objective:To explore the inhibitory effects of Mentha haplocalyx Briq. With different extraction methods on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in vitro and antiviral mechanism of it seffective parts. Methods:By using the virus infection model in vitro to detect the cytopathic effect (CPE) of the anti-RSV effect of Mentha haplocalyx Briq. in vitro. Make the anti-RSV therapeutic index (TI) in vitroas the index to screen the extraction method of mint and the macro-porous adsorption resin, so as to determine the best extraction method, and the best macroporous adsorption resin was used for separation and purification. Elution with different concentrations of eluent was used to determine the effective parts of Mentha haplocalyx Briq. resisting RSV. The antiviral mechanism was analyzed by different administration methods. Results:The supernatant of Mint after water extraction and alcohol precipitation had the strongest inhibitory effect on RSV, with TI value of 37.58; HPD100 resin had the best separation and purification effect on the supernatant, and 25% ethanol elution site had the best effect, and the TI value was 57.8. The effective substances were determined to be polyphenols by physicochemical identification reaction. After the effective parts are mixed with the virus, the antiviral experiment is the best.Conclusions:The supernatant of mint after water extraction and alcohol precipitation was adsorbed by HPD100, and 25% ethanol eluent had the best anti-RSV effect, with preventive and therapeutic effects.

Objective:To explore the relationship between negative evaluation fear and mobile phone addiction, and the mediating role of balanced time perspective.Methods:In April 2021, totally 1 158 secondary vocational school students were investigated by scales of fear of negative evaluation(FNE), mobile phone addiction index(MPAI)and Zimbardo time perspective inventory(ZTPI). The balanced time perspective was calculated by deviation from the balanced time perspective(DBTP). SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used for descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis of the data.Bootstrap method was used to test the mediating effect.Results:(1) Negative evaluation fear(37.87±7.71)was significantly positively correlated with balanced time perspective(4.50±0.75)( r= 0.379, P<0.01) and mobile phone addiction(46.11±11.92)( r=0.437, P<0.01). The balanced time perspective was significantly positively correlated with mobile phone addiction( r=0.475, P<0.01). (2) Negative evaluation fear directly and positively predicted mobile phone addiction( β=0.300, 95% CI=0.248-0.352). The balanced time perspective played a partial mediating role between negative evaluation fear and mobile phone addiction, and the mediating effect value was 0.137, accounted for 31.31%(0.137/0.437) of the total effect. Conclusion:The fear of negative evaluation can directly affect the mobile phone addiction behavior of secondary vocational students, and can also indirectly affect the mobile phone addiction by affecting the balanced time perspective.Good balanced time perspective can reduce the risk caused by the fear of negative evaluation.

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of different doses of luteolin on memory function and apoptosis-related proteins of aging rats induced by D-galactose.Methods:Forty-eight SPF-grade male Wistar rats aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into control group, model group, luteolin low-dose group (25 mg/kg), medium-dose group (50 mg/kg), high-dose group (100 mg/kg), and vitamin C group (100 mg/kg), with 8 rats in each group. D-galactose (1 000 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected to establish the aging rat model, while luteolin was used for preventive treatment. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the learning and memory abilities of the rats.Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect the morphology of hippocampal neurons in rats.Spectrophotometry was used to detect the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). RT-PCR was used to detect miR-34a mRNA expression.Western blot technique was used to detect the expression levels of silent regulator protein 1 (SIRT1), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), cleaved caspase-3, p53, and p21. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0, and one-way ANOVA was used for multi-group comparison, followed by LSD- t test for further pairwise comparisons. Results:(1) The differences in escape latency among the 6 groups of rats were statistically significant ( F=120.93, P<0.001). The latency of first finding the platform location of the model group rats ((54.61±3.60) s) was higher than that of the control group ((10.54±4.27) s) ( P<0.05). The latency of first finding the platform location of rats in the low, medium and high dosage groups of luteolin ((45.50±3.81)s, (37.46±2.94) s, (32.32±3.14) s) was lower than that of the model group ((54.61±3.60) s) (all P<0.05). (2) The differences of SOD, MDA, T-AOC, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in the cerebral cortex of the 6 groups of rats were all statistically significant ( F=281.636, 75.119, 208.228, 38.999, 28.428, 52.767, all P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the model group showed abnormal levels of inflammatory factors and antioxidant indexes. In the medium and high dosage groups of luteolin, the SOD and T-AOC contents in the cerebral cortex of rats were higher than those in the model group (all P<0.05), while the levels of MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were lower than those in the model group (all P<0.05). (3) The differences in relative expression levels of miR-34a mRNA among the 6 groups of rats were statistically significant ( F=81.439, P<0.001). The expression levels of miR-34a mRNA in the hippocampal tissues of rats in the luteolin treatment group were lower than those in the model group ( P<0.05). (4) The differences in protein expression levels of SIRT1, p53, and p21 in the hippocampal tissues of the 6 groups of rats were statistically significant ( F=159.946, 38.342, 123.608, all P<0.001). The expression levels of p53 and p21 in the medium and high dosage groups of luteolin were lower than those in the model group (all P<0.05), while the expression level of SIRT1 protein was higher than that in the model group ( P<0.05). (5) The differences in protein expression levels of Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 in the hippocampal tissues of the 6 groups of rats were statistically significant ( F=112.659, 43.296, both P<0.05). The expression levels of Bcl-2 in the low, medium, and high dosage groups of luteolin ((0.24±0.04), (0.40±0.03), (0.48±0.05) pg/μg) were higher than those in the model group ((0.09±0.06) μg) ( P<0.05), while the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 in the low, medium, and high dosage groups of luteolin ((0.62±0.04), (0.61±0.09), (0.51±0.10) μg) were lower than those in the model group ((0.75±0.05) μg) ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Luteolin can alleviate cellular oxidative damage through downregulating the miR-34a SIRT1/p53 signaling pathway and reducing cell apoptosis.

Objective:To study the dimensions and contents of COVID-19 prevention and control in primary medical institutions. emergency response capabilities for primary medical institutions review the policy documents about epidemic prevention and control in primary medical institutions issued by China health administrative department, are extracted.Methods:The policy documents related to epidemic prevention and control in primary medical institutions were searched from official websites of The State Council, National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China and its subordinate agencies from January 2020 to June 2023;"primary medical institutions""community health service institutions""community hospitals""public health emergencies""infectious diseases""emergency response""prevention and control", and"epidemic prevention and control"were used as search keywords. The contents related to epidemic prevention and control in primary medical institutions were extracted and further classified according to the theory of emergency management.? Results ?The policy contents covered three stages: pre-prevention, in-process response, and post-recovery, among which the contents related to the post-recovery stage were relatively less. The word frequency analysis extracted a total of 16 content dimensions, among which department collaboration (16/125), case discovery reports (15/125), hospital infection prevention and control (14/125), community residents′ health education (12/125), and material reserves (11/125) were the top 5 in terms of frequency. Conclusion:The policies related to the prevention and control of COVID-19 in primary medical institutions cover three stages. At different stages of the development of major infectious diseases, measures are taken according to policy requirements.

Objective To investigate personal identification of mixed seminal stain of two individuals, we combined the detection of genotyping autosomal, Y and X STR and sequencing mtDNA hypervariable Ⅰ (HV Ⅰ ) region. Methods We analyzed autosomal, Y and X STR with commercial kit and separating and sequencing HVⅠfragments of mixed seminal stain from two males by SSCP electrophoresis. Results Four genetic markers of the high amount sample can be obtained when mixed ratio is more than 1:10. When the proportion of two samples is close, the suspect could be excluded or, to some extent, identified by comparing with our results. Conclusion The combined detection of four genetic marker systems can, to some degree, solve the personal identification from mixed seminal stain of two individuals.

Objective In this study,a multiplex PCR amplification system was constructed based on fluorescent labeling PCR and LDR,to provide a new strategy for analyzing severely degraded DNA.Methods Eight SNP loci (rs10802248,rs10516197,rs10488372,rs2278945,rs4757318,rs4887255,rs4889002,and rs9304473) were selected.Their LDR probes and PCR primers of linked products were designed and synthesized.Ligase detection reaction,PCR amplification,and capillary gel electrophoresis (CEG) were performed to establish the multiplex LDR-PCR amplification system.Results The genotypes of these 8 loci were obtained simultaneously by the fluorescence-labeled multiplex LDR-PCR amplification method.The loci profiles obtained by fluorescence-labeled multiplex LDR-PCR amplification were in accordance with those obtained by direct sequencing of the polymorphic regions in samples from all individuals.By fluorescence-labeled multiplex LDR-PCR amplification,the 8 SNP loci were efficiently amplified from the severely degraded FFPET DNA.Conclusion Eight SNP loci results could be obtained simultaneously by using the multiplex LDR-PCR amplification system,which is a simple,efficient,and practical SNP genotyping method with accurate and reliable results for highly degraded samples.

Objective To investigate the cognition of colorectal cancer-related knowledge and influencing factors of patients with middle- and advanced-stage colorectal cancer in ethnic minority areas of Inner Mongolia. Methods According to the national population and the prevalence of colorectal cancer, 277 patients with colorectal cancer were selected by stratified and random sampling in Inner Mongolia. The patients were surveyed in Baotou, Chifeng, Bayannaoer, and other hospitals. The questionnaire included patients' basic information, cognition of colorectal cancer risk factors and screening knowledge, screening information, etc. Results Before suffering from the disease, the patients' knowledge of colorectal cancer (risk factors, early screening knowledge, treatment methods) was low. About 54.9% of patients were unaware of high risk factors for colorectal cancer, 75.8% of patients did not understand the knowledge of early screening of colorectal cancer, and 37.5% of patients did not underst and the treatment of colorectal cancer. The main influencing factors of colorectal cancer cognition were education level and occupation. Patients who work in institutions and enterprises and with higher education level had better cognition. Conclusion Patients with middle- and advanced-stage colorectal cancer in Inner Mongolia have poor knowledge and awareness of risk factors and screening of colorectal cancer before diagnosis. Education level and occupation are factors influencing colorectal cancer cognition, therefore, people with low knowledge rate of colorectal cancer and low education level as well as unemployed laid-off people should be given priority intervention.