The effect of siRNA-mediated Sox4 gene silencing on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway of human malignant melanoma cell line A375 was investigated. Two types of dsRNA targeting Sox4 were constructed and transfected into A375 cells, and untreated cells and cells transfected with scramble RNA were used as blank control and negative control respectively. The expression levels of mRNA and protein of Sox4, Wnt3a, β-catenin and Wnt/β-catenin signaling target gene Survivin were detected after real-time PCR and Western blot respectively. MTT assay was used to measure cell proliferation after Sox4 knockdown. β-catenin/TCF transcription reporter assay was used for assessing Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activity. Our results showed that the two types of Sox4 siRNA were transfected into A375 cells successfully. As compared with untreated cells, Sox4 siRNAs had no significant influence on Wnt3a expression, and Sox4 siRNAs led to the decrease of β-catenin at protein level. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activity was inhibited significantly. As a target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, Survivin was decreased at both mRNA and protein levels, and cell proliferation was attenuated. Our study suggests that Sox4 may play an important role in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human malignant melanoma cells by regulating β-catenin protein level, indicating that Sox4 is involved in the progression of malignant melanoma through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

The expression of the interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF-4) and the IRF-4-binding protein (IBP) in psoriatic skin lesions was investigated. The expression of IRF-4 and IBP in skin lesions of 20 patients with psoriasis vulgaris were immunohistochemically dectected. Normal skin from 10 healthy people was used as normal control. The study showed that expression of IRF-4 was increased significantly in keratinocytes and inflammatory cells in the lesions of psoriasis vulgaris than that in the normal control. The detection revealed that IBP expression in keratinocytes, lymphocytes, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands in normal skin was significantly lower than that in the lesions of psoriasis vulgaris (P<0.05). Both IRF-4 and IBP might be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris.

The effect of siRNA-mediated Sox4 gene silencing on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway of human malignant melanoma cell line A375 was investigated.Two types of dsRNA targeting Sox4 were constructed and transfected into A375 cells,and untreated cells and cells transfected with scramble RNA were used as blank control and negative control respectively.The expression levels of mRNA and protein of Sox4,Wnt3a,β-catenin and Wnt/β-catenin signaling target gene Survivin were detected after real-time PCR and Western blot respectively.MTT assay was used to measure cell proliferation after Sox4 knockdown.β-catenin/TCF transcription reporter assay was used for assessing Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activity.Our results showed that the two types of Sox4 siRNA were transfected into A375 cells successfully.As compared with untreated cells,Sox4 siRNAs had no significant influence on Wnt3a expression,and Sox4 siRNAs led to the decrease of β-catenin at protein level.Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activity was inhibited significantly.As a target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling,Survivin was decreased at both mRNA and protein levels,and cell proliferation was attenuated.Our study suggests that Sox4 may play an important role in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human malignant melanoma cells by regulating β-catenin protein level,indicating that Sox4 is involved in the progression of malignant melanoma thromgh Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

The expression of the interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF-4) and the IRF-4-binding protein (IBP) in psoriatic skin lesions was investigated.The expression of IRF-4 and IBP in skin lesions of 20 patients with psoriasis vulgaris were immunohistochemically dectected.Normal skin from 10 healthy people was used as normal control.The study showed that expression of IRF-4 was increased significantly in keratinocytes and inflammatory cells in the lesions of psoriasis vulgaris than that in the normal control.The detection revealed that IBP expression in keratinocytes,lymphocytes,hair follicles,and sebaceous glands in normal skin was significantly lower than that in the lesions of psoriasis vulgaris (P＜0.05).Both IRF-4 and IBP might be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris.

Objective The objective of this study was to explore the differences of serum metabolomics between small cell lung cancer(SCLC)patients and healthy volunteers,and to discover serum potential biomarkers for identification and small cell lung cancer staging. Methods Ultra-performance liquid chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLS-TOF/MS)was used to establish the serum metabolic profile of SCLC. Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and orthogonal hidden variables were analyzed by the EZinfo2. 0 software. Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis(OPLS-DA)was used to analyze the metabolic differ-ences between the case and normal control groups. Through cluster analysis using HMDB and METLIN database to search for the exact mass-to-charge ratio of the difference,preliminary identification of some substances with significant differences was carried out. Results Ten differential metabolites such as lysophosphatidylcholine between patients and control groups were screened and identi-fied by mass spectrometry and database search. There were 10 different metabolites such as glycocholic acid in the contour analysis of SCLC patients with different stages. Conclusion There is a significant difference in serum metabolism between SCLC patients and healthy controls. The discovery of differential metabolites provides experimental evidence for the identification of small cell lung cancer and potential markers of staging.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of sacral neuromodulation(SNM)therapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction(LUTD)in elderly patients.Methods:Clinical data of 91 elderly patients with LUTD from multiple medical institutions who received SNM during the period from January 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into four groups: the interstitial cystitis(IC)group(n=28), the neurogenic bladder(NB)group(n=36), the overactive bladder syndrome(OAB)group(n=13)and the idiopathic dysuria(ID)group(n=14). Different sets of evaluation parameters were used for different diseases.Patients’ baseline data and data in stage I(test phase)and stage Ⅱ(permanent SNM)were recorded, statistically analyzed and compared.Results:Ninety-one people underwent SNM treatment.Of them, 53 patients received permanent implants(stage Ⅱ), and the total conversion rate of stage I to stage Ⅱ was 58.2%(53/91). Patients receiving permanent implants(stage Ⅱ)had a preoperative period ranging from 3 months to 30 years, and were followed up for 2 to 58 months after treatment, with an average follow-up of 19.6 months.The improvement rates in stage I for urinary urgency, daily urination frequency, daily nocturnal urination frequency, maximum urine volume, daily average urine volume, daily urine leakage frequency, and quality of life score were 35.4%, 31.6%, 33.7%, 32.6%, 49.2%, 43.2% and 13.2%, respectively.The improvement rates in stage Ⅱ for urinary urgency, daily urination frequency, daily nocturnal urination frequency, maximum urine volume, daily average urine volume, daily urine leakage frequency, and quality of life score were 43.2%, 40.0%, 37.8%, 50.5%, 70.5%, 70.4% and 43.2%, respectively.Three adverse events occurred, including 1 case of recurrent symptoms, 1 case of moderate infection, and 1 case of electrical lead dislocation.Conclusions:Sacral nerve stimulation has definitive and consistent curative effects on LUTD in elderly people.The follow-up time should be extended to further study the safety of sacral nerve stimulation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between the color， odor and volatile components of Paeoniae Radix Alba（PRA） and its processed products， and to examine the effects of different processing methods on the odor and color formation of PRA. MethodThe odor and chromaticity information of PRA， honey chaff-fried PRA and honey bran-fried PRA were identified by electronic nose and colorimeter， and the volatile components in the different processed products of PRA were identified and relatively quantified by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-GC-MS）， and analyzed using principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA）， then the differential key flavor components among the three were screened according to the principles of variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1 and relative odor activity value（ROAV）≥1. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the association between the differential flavor components and the colorimetric values and electronic nose sensors， respectively. ResultAfter being fried with honey chaff and honey bran， the lightness value（L^*） of PRA decreased， and red-green value（a^*） and yellow-blue value（b^*） increased significantly（P<0.05， P<0.01）. The odor differences were mainly reflected in the S1， S2， S4， S5， S6， S8 and S11 sensors， and the results of PCA of the electronic nose indicated that the odor differences among PRA， honey chaff-fried PRA and honey bran-fried PRA were obvious， among which the overall odor intensity of honey bran-fried PRA was higher than that of honey chaff-fried PRA. A total of 47 volatile components were identified from PRA and its processed products， including 21 for PRA， 36 for honey chaff-fried PRA， and 37 for honey bran-fried PRA. Odor analysis revealed that 12， 24 and 22 volatile components may be the key flavor components in PRA， honey chaff-fried PRA and honey bran-fried PRA， respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the L^* of the decoction pieces was negatively correlated with the content of the Maillard reaction products， the a^* and b^* were positively correlated with the content of the Maillard reaction products， the S1 and S8 sensors were negatively correlated with the content of the Maillard reaction products， and the S2， S4， S5， S6 and S11 sensors were positively correlated with the Maillard reaction products. ConclusionThe color of PRA is deepened after being stir-fried with honey chaff and honey bran， and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural， furfural and other components are generated at the same time， which is in line with the theory of burning aroma strengthens the spleen of stir-fried with honey chaff and honey bran. Honey bran-fried PRA has a stronger Maillard reaction than honey chaff-fried PRA， which makes honey bran-fried PRA with a burnt flavor and a dark yellow color， while honey chaff-fried PRA has a sweet flavor and a bright yellow color.