Objective To explore the relationship between diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) and peritoneal sclerosis and its possible mechanism. Methods Isolated human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) was cultured for five days in culture solution with varied doses of DEHP ７．７?of 10-6mol/L (A group), 5.4?１０－５mol/L (B group) and 2. 2?10-4 mol/L (C group) respectively. Culture solution without DEHP was as control. Total collagen synthesis and secretion was assayed by 3H-proline incorporation. ELISA method was used to detect the level of secreted fibronectin (FN) . The expression of FN mRNA , collagen ImRNA, collagen Ⅲ mRNA and TGF－?l mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. Results (1)HPMC expressed FN, laminin, collagen Ⅲ and TGF-?１. (2)DEHP stimulated FN and collagen expression with a higher level in C group compared with control(P

Objective To harvest pancreatic tissues from rats , prepare decellularized bio-derived pancreatic scaffolds ( DBPS) , and to examine the integrity and biocompatibility of the scaffolds .Methods Normal pancreases were harvested from healthy adult SD rats .DBPS was prepared by perfusing SDS and Triton X-100 through bile duct and the portal vein, respectively.After decellularization, normal pancreatic tissue and DBPS were compared via HE staining , and transmission electron microscopy ( TEM ) . Abdominal wall and subcutaneous implantations were used to compare biocompatibility , and the remain quantity of residual protein and growth factors were determined via enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).MTT assay was used to test the scaffolds’ cytotoxicity.The scaffolds were co-cultured with endotheliocyte .Results HE staining and TEM study indicated no residual cells in the DBPS as well as preservation of the complete extracellular matrix .The remain quantity of residual protein and growth factors in ECM was high .The abdominal wall and subcutaneous implantation revealed that DBPS triggered a lower immune response as compared to the control group.MTT assay showed little cytotoxicity .Endotheliocyte assembled and growed with the scaffolds together .Conclusion DBPS are completely decellularized , and exhibit a higher level of biocompatibility in vivo.Using the way of vessels can make the integrity of extracellular matrix to be fully preserves and contain more growth factors .So using vessels way is better than bile duct .

Objective To evaluate the success rate, safety and efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) after Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy. Methods Data of 75 patients with biliary disease after Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy, who underwent ERCP from January 2007 to November 2009, were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 75 patients, afferent loop intubation was achieved in 69 (92%) and selective cannulation of bile duct were successful in 68 (68/69, 98. 5%). Diagnostic procedures were carried out in 3 patients, and therapeutic in 65 others, which included EST plus stone removal and ENBD in 16, ERBD in 19, EMBE in 18 and EBD plus stone removal and ENBD in 12. Afferent loop perforation occurred in 1 patient (1.3%) and was treated surgically, and 2 acute pancreatitis (2. 6%) were treated conservatively.There was no complication of bleeding. Conclusion ERCP after Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy is safe and efficiency for biliary disease.

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture at Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Danzhong on mammary estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expressions in rats with dimethylbenzanthracine (DMBA)-induced mammary cancer. Methods One hundred and twenty female SD rats aged 6-8 weeks were randomized into a model group of 60 rats and a blank group of 30 rats. The model group received an oral gavage of DMBA for model making. The blank group received an oral gavage of equal volume of sesame oil. At 15 weeks after model making, the model group of rats was randomized into treatment and control groups. The treatment group received acupuncture at Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Danzhong, and the control and blank groups, only the same grasp and release. After the completion of acupuncture treatment (twenty-seventh week), abdominal venous blood was taken and serum tumor markers were determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Tumor masses were counted and their shapes were recorded. The mass was taken and its height, maximum diameter and vertical diameter were measured using a 1 mm precision vernier caliper. Pathological changes in tumor tissues, and ER and PR positive areas and mean optical densities were observed under an Olympus optical microscope.Results There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the average number and volume of mammary tumors between the treatment group and the control or blank group (P<0.01,P<0.05) and between the control and blank groups (P<0.01). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the concentrations of various tumor markers (CA724, CA125, CA199, AEP, CA15-3, CEA and CA50) between the treatment or control group and the blank group (P<0.01,P<0.05) and between the control and blank groups (P<0.01). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in CA15-3 concentration between the treatment and control groups (P<0.01). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in ER and PR positive areas and mean optical densities between the treatment group and the control or blank group (P<0.01) and between the control and blank groups (P<0.01).Conclusions Acupuncture can reduce the occurrence of rat DMBA-induced mammary tumor (including the number and volumes of the tumors). The mechanism of its action may be related to decreasing the concentrations of tumor markers CA724, CA125, CA199, CA15-3, AEP, CEA and CA50 and especially to decreasing CA15-3 concentration, and ER and PR positive areas and mean optical densities.

Aim To investigate the roles of chloride channels in the apoptosis and apoptotic volume de-crease (AVD)induced by adriamycin in nasopharyn-geal carcinoma CNE-2Z cells.Methods Apoptotic rates were detected by flow cytometry,and the volume changes were measured by the time-lapse live cell ima-ging technique.The patch clamp technique was used to record whole-cell chloride currents.Results Adria-mycin induced apoptosis of CNE-2Z cells.An early ap-optotic volume decrease was observed in the cell trea-ted with adriamycin.The cell volume was decreased by about 10% in 2 h.Adriamycin activated a chloride current which showed outward rectification.The chlo-ride channel blocker 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)-benzoate (NPPB ) could inhibit the adriamycin-in-duced chloride currents,apoptosis and prevent cell shrinkage.Conclusions Our findings suggest that ad-riamycin causes cell apoptosis by activation of chloride channels.Chloride channels may be involved in the apoptosis and apoptotic volume decrease induced by adriamycin in CNE-2Z cells.

Objective To observe the effects and regulatory mechanism of rotavirus infection on the expression and bioactivity of Na+/H+exchanger 3 (NHE3) on Caco-2 cells. Methods A cell model of Caco-2 cells expressing NHE3 was constructed. Four groups were set up,which were control(CTL) group, rotavirus(RV) infection group, Cdc42 inhibitor (Pirl-1) group and Pirl-1+RV group. Bioactivity and ex-pression of NHE3 on the surface of Caco-2 cells were determined by BCECF-AM and biotinylation method, respectively. Expression of Cdc42 protein was measured by Western blot. Co-immunoprecipitation was per-formed to detect the interaction between NHE3 and Cdc42. Results Compared with the CTL group,RV in-fection significantly inhibited the bioactivity and expression of NHE3 on Caco-2 cells. These inhibitory effects were antagonized by Pirl-1. Moreover,RV infection enhanced the expression of Cdc42 protein and promoted the interaction between NHE3 and Cdc42, which were also antagonized by Pirl-1. Conclusion RV infec-tion might regulate the expression and bioactivity of NHE3 through Cdc42-dependent endocytosis pathway.

Objective To observe the impact factors of the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy(FNAB)for papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods Totally 468 patients with single PTC confirmed by postoperative pathology who underwent FNAB before surgery were enrolled.The impact of clinica,l ultrasonic and pathological features on the accuracy of FNAB diagnosis were analyzed.Results The accuracy of FNAB for diagnosing PTC was 71.37%(334/468).The maximum diameter and location of PTC were both impact factors of the diagnostic accuracy of FNAB.The maximum diameter of 0.7 cm was the optimal cutoff value of FNAB for diagnosing PTC,and the diagnostic accuracy of FNAB for PTC with the maximum diameter＜0.7 cm and those≥0.7 cm was 62.96%(119/189)and 77.06%(215/279),respectively.The diagnostic accuracy of FNAB for PTC located in the difficult and easy area of puncture was 52.53%(52/99)and 76.42%(282/369),respectively.The diagnostic accuracy of FNAB for PTC with the maximum diameter≥0.7 cm and located in the easy area,≥0.7 cm and located in the difficult area,＜0.7 cm and located in the easy area,＜0.7 cm and located in the difficult area was 80.43%(185/230),61.22%(30/49),69.78%(97/139)and 44.00%(22/50),respectively.Conclusion The maximum diameter and location of PTC were both impact factors of the diagnostic accuracy of FNAB.

Objective To investigate the application of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in pancreatic duct injury. Methods Fourteen patients with pancreatic duct injury who were diagnosed and treated with ERCP in Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine between August 2006 and February 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 9 were males and 6 were females, aged 6-77 years old with a median age of 58 years old. Six patients were diagnosed with closed pancreatic injury. Eight cases were complicated with pancreatic fistula after surgery, 3 of whom underwent distal pancreatectomy and 5 underwent distal pancreatectomy combined with splenectomy. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval was received. Patients diagnosed with closed pancreatic injury underwent ERCP. According to the imaging result and American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) classification, therapeutic measures such as endoscopic retrograde pancreatic drainage (ERPD), and endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) + ERPD were performed. Patients with pancreatic fistula after surgery received ERCP for diagnosis and drainage therapy. The recovery status and incidence of ERCP-related complications after ERCP diagnosis and treatment were observed. Results Six cases were confirmed with closed pancreatic injury by ERCP. According to the AAST classification, 4 cases with grade Ⅲ injury underwent ERPD, and 2 with grade IV injury underwent ERBD + ERPD. Eight cases with pancreatic fistula after surgery were all found with pancreatic duct injury by ERCP and then underwent ERPD. The median healing time of pancreatic fistula after surgery was 16(12-25)d. No severe complication was observed during the treatment of ERCP. All patients were recovered and discharged after ERCP treatment. Biliary and pancreatic duct stents were removed 3 months after discharge. Conclusions ERCP has the advantages of safty and minimally invasion for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic duct injury.

Bone formation and deposition are initiated by sensory nerve infiltration in adaptive bone remodeling.Here,we focused on the role of Semaphorin 3A(Sema3A),expressed by sensory nerves,in mechanical loads-induced bone formation and nerve withdrawal using orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)model.Firstly,bone formation was activated after the 3rd day of OTM,coinciding with a decrease in sensory nerves and an increase in pain threshold.Sema3A,rather than nerve growth factor(NGF),highly expressed in both trigeminal ganglion and the axons of periodontal ligament following the 3rd day of OTM.Moreover,in vitro mechanical loads upregulated Sema3A in neurons instead of in human periodontal ligament cells(hPDLCs)within 24 hours.Furthermore,exogenous Sema3A restored the suppressed alveolar bone formation and the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs induced by mechanical overload.Mechanistically,Sema3A prevented overstretching of F-actin induced by mechanical overload through ROCK2 pathway,maintaining mitochondrial dynamics as mitochondrial fusion.Therefore,Sema3A exhibits dual therapeutic effects in mechanical loads-induced bone formation,both as a pain-sensitive analgesic and a positive regulator for bone formation.

Bone formation and deposition are initiated by sensory nerve infiltration in adaptive bone remodeling.Here,we focused on the role of Semaphorin 3A(Sema3A),expressed by sensory nerves,in mechanical loads-induced bone formation and nerve withdrawal using orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)model.Firstly,bone formation was activated after the 3rd day of OTM,coinciding with a decrease in sensory nerves and an increase in pain threshold.Sema3A,rather than nerve growth factor(NGF),highly expressed in both trigeminal ganglion and the axons of periodontal ligament following the 3rd day of OTM.Moreover,in vitro mechanical loads upregulated Sema3A in neurons instead of in human periodontal ligament cells(hPDLCs)within 24 hours.Furthermore,exogenous Sema3A restored the suppressed alveolar bone formation and the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs induced by mechanical overload.Mechanistically,Sema3A prevented overstretching of F-actin induced by mechanical overload through ROCK2 pathway,maintaining mitochondrial dynamics as mitochondrial fusion.Therefore,Sema3A exhibits dual therapeutic effects in mechanical loads-induced bone formation,both as a pain-sensitive analgesic and a positive regulator for bone formation.