Background::Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can profoundly affect the mental health of the people living with HIV (PLWH), with higher rates of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. The disparities in neuropsychological problems evaluated by physicians and self-assessed by patients are still unknown.Methods::A total of 5000 PLWH and 500 physicians from 167 hospitals were enrolled in this cross-sectional study from September 2022 to February 2023. 4-Item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) was used for the evaluation of depressive issues and anxiety issues by PLWH. Each physician assessed 10 PLWH under their care for the presence of depressive or anxiety issues. The primary outcomes of this study are the concordance rates on the depressive issues and anxiety issues evaluation between physicians and PLWH. The Cohen’s kappa test was used to assess the agreement between physicians and PLWH.Results::The concordance rate for the evaluation of depressive issues is 73.84% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 72.60-75.04%), and it is significantly different from the expected rate of 80% ( P <0.001). Similarly, the concordance rate for the evaluation of anxiety issues is 71.74% (95% CI: 70.47-72.97%), which is significantly different from the expected rate of 80% as per the null hypothesis ( P <0.001). The overestimation rate by physicians on depressive issues is 12.20% (95% CI: 11.32-13.14%), and for anxiety issues is 12.76% (95% CI: 11.86-13.71%). The mismatch rate for depressive issues is 26.16% (95% CI: 24.96-27.40%), and for anxiety issues is 28.26% (95% CI: 27.02-29.53%). The underestimation rate by physicians on depressive issues is 13.96% (95% CI: 13.03-14.95%), and for anxiety issues is 15.50% (95% CI: 14.52-16.53%). For the treatment regiments, PLWH sustained on innovative treatment regimen (IR) related to a lower prevalence of depressive issues (odds ratio [OR] = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.59-0.87, P = 0.003) and a lower prevalence of anxiety issues (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.52-0.76, P <0.001). PLWH switch from conventional treatment regimen (CR) to IR also related to a lower prevalence of depressive issues (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64-0.98) and a lower prevalence of anxiety issues (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67-0.99). Conclusion::Nearly one in three PLWH had their condition misjudged by their physicians. The findings underscore the need for improved communication and standardized assessment protocols in the care of PLWH, especially during the acute phase of HIV infection.

Objective:To reevaluate the systematic reviews on application effect of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in preterm infants.Methods:Systematic reviews or Meta-analysis on the use of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in preterm infants were searched by computer from Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases. The retrieval period was from establishment of databases to December 6, 2022. Literature screening and data extraction were conducted independently by two researchers. A Measure Tool to Assess Systematic ReviewsⅡ and The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system were used to evaluate the methodological quality and evidence quality grading of the included literature, respectively.Results:A total of 13 systematic reviews were included, and the results showed that the methodological quality of 4 literatures was low, and that of 9 literatures was very low. The hierarchy of evidence of 112 outcome indicators was evaluated. The results showed that the evidence quality of 7 outcome indicators was extremely low, evidence quality of 78 was low, evidence quality of 26 was intermediate and 1 was high.Conclusions:High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy is not sufficient to replace the role of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in respiratory support for premature infants, but it can reduce the incidence of nasal injury and the incidence of air leakage or pneumothorax in respiratory support after extubation. The methodological quality of systematic evaluation included in the study is low, and the credibility of evidence is insufficient. Clinical application needs to carefully adopt relevant evidence and further carry out more standardized and rigorous research.

BACKGROUND:Traumatic spinal cord injury primarily relies on scale assessment and imaging examinations in clinical practice.However,there are limitations in predicting the prognosis of the injury.Therefore,the use of metabolomics technology for biomarker screening is significant for estimating the extent of damage,injury and recovery,as well as developing new therapies. OBJECTIVE:To characterize the metabolic features of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury using metabolomics technology and explore potential biomarkers and disrupted metabolic pathways. METHODS:Serum and urine samples were collected from 20 patients with traumatic spinal cord injury(observation group)and 10 healthy subjects(control group).Metabolites were analyzed and multivariate statistical analysis was then performed for data processing to screen differential metabolites.Metabolic pathway enrichment was performed using MetaboAnalyst software.Logistic regression was applied to construct a biomarker combination model,and its relationship with the American Spinal Injury Association grading was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Significant differences in 160 and 73 metabolites were detected in the serum and urine samples of the two groups,respectively.Pathway enrichment analysis showed evident disturbances in lipid metabolism after traumatic spinal cord injury,including sphingolipid,arachidonic acid,α-linolenic acid,and arachidonic acid metabolism,as well as glycerophospholipid and inositol phosphate biosynthesis.The combination of two identified biomarkers,telmisartan and quercetin glycoside,showed a correlation with the American Spinal Injury Association grading in both serum and urine levels.Thus,metabolomics technology provides assistance in further understanding the pathological mechanisms of traumatic spinal cord injury and screening therapeutic targets.The identified metabolic biomarker combination may serve as a reference for assessing the severity of traumatic spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the regulatory mechanism of human hepatocyte apoptosis induced by lysosomal membrane protein Sidt2 knockout. METHODS: The Sidt2 knockout (Sidt2^-/-) cell model was constructed in human hepatocyte HL7702 cells using Crispr-Cas9 technology.The protein levels of Sidt2 and key autophagy proteins LC3-II/I and P62 in the cell model were detected using Western blotting, and the formation of autophagosomes was observed with MDC staining.EdU incorporation assay and flow cytometry were performed to observe the effect of Sidt2 knockout on cell proliferation and apoptosis.The effect of chloroquine at the saturating concentration on autophagic flux, proliferation and apoptosis of Sidt2 knockout cells were observed. RESULTS: Sidt2^-/- HL7702 cells were successfully constructed.Sidt2 knockout significantly inhibited the proliferation and increased apoptosis of the cells, causing also increased protein expressions of LC3-II/I and P62(P < 0.05) and increased number of autophagosomes.Autophagy of the cells reached a saturated state following treatment with 50 μmol/L chloroquine, and at this concentration, chloroquine significantly increased the expressions of LC3B and P62 in Sidt2^-/- HL7702 cells. CONCLUSION Sidt2 gene knockout causes dysregulation of the autophagy pathway and induces apoptosis of HL7702 cells, and the latter effect is not mediated by inhibiting the autophagy-lysosomal pathway.
Humans ; Lysosome-Associated Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism* ; Autophagy ; Apoptosis ; Hepatocytes ; Lysosomes/metabolism* ; Chloroquine/pharmacology* ; Nucleotide Transport Proteins/metabolism*