Objective To understand the key risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission in Jingzhou City,so as to provide the evidence for improving the treatment of these risk factors. Methods Each village of six counties was investigated and 3 envi-ronments were surveyed each village for the distribution of Oncomelania snails and animal stools in the field. The results were ana-lyzed and the risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission were assessed. Results The density of living snails was 0.43 snails per 0.1 m2,the frequency of the frames with snails was 9.12%,and no schistosome infected snails were found. All of the animal stools collected from the field were from bovines. The schistosome positive rate of animal stools was 37.50%(3/8)among the environ-ments,and the schistosome infection rate of stools was 8.11%(3/37). The schistosome infection rate of animal stools was 0 near the residence living sites,and the positive rates were 12.50%and 8.33%in the ditches and slopes,respectively(χ2=0.07,P>0.05). Conclusions Bovine is still the main infectious source of schistosomiasis,i.e. the main risk factor of the disease transmis-sion. Therefore,the strategy of controlling bovine should be strengthened.

Objective To evaluate the detection rate and the efficiency of the modified crushing-cercariae escaping method.Methods The detection rates of the modified crushing-cercariae escaping method and the crushing methods were compared by using a double-blind control experiment with the latter as a gold standard.meanwhile the number of the cercariae was quantified.The efficiency of the two methods aforementioned and the cereariae escaping method were compared in field.Results The detection rate of the modified crushing-cercariae escaping method was 100%.the average number of cercariae in each infected snail was (4 778±1 157);and the number in certain volume of water sample was positively correlated with the number of infected snails.The efficiency of the modified menthed Was 18.2 times and 17.3 times as high as those of the crushing method and cereariae escaping method,respectively.Conclusions The modified crushing-cercariae escaping method Can detect the infected snails quicky and Can quantify the number of infected snails and cercariae,and is suitable for the detection of infected snails in large number.

Objective: To observe the short-term clinical efficacy of wrist arthroscopy in the treatment of Palmer IB type triangular fibrocartilage complex(TFCC) injury. Methods: From March 2016 to January 2017, 12 patients with Palmer IB TFCC were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, including 5 males and 7 females, with an average age of 38.5 years.After examination and imaging examination, the diagnosis was confirmed.After full preoperative preparation, the patients underwent arthroscopic repair under wrist arthroscopy.The VAS score and modified Mayo wrist joint function score before and after surgery were tested to evaluate the clinical efficacy after 6 months. Results: Twelve patients underwent successful operation and with no postoperative complications.The patients were followed up.The VAS scores before and after surgery were (4.08±0.90)points and (1.33±0.88)points, respectively, the difference was statistically significant(t=8.37, P=0.000). The modified Mayo wrist joint function scores were (48.33±7.48)points and (87.91±5.41)points before and after surgery, and the difference was statistically significant(t=12.05, P=0.000). Conclusion Arthroscopic repair of Palmer IB type TFCC has less trauma and quick recovery, and the clinical short-term result is satisfactory.