Acute gangrenous cholecystitis is a histologic diagnosis,mostly diagnosed by intraoperative or postoperative pathology.In China,as the aging population increases,the incidence of the disease increases steadily.AGC is still an indication of surgical treatment for acute cholecystitis(AC),but the diagnosis and treatment of AGC remains a challenge for clinical surgeons.However,preoperative clinical data such as age, gender,hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,cholelithiasis disease history,laboratory examination and radiographic results are helpful in early diagnosis and reasonable surgical timing selection.

Objective To analyze the correlative factors of hypopituitarism in patients with intracranial non-sellar tumors.Methods Eighty-three patients with intracranial non-sellar tumors,admitted to our hospital from May 2014 to April 2015,were included in our study;their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.The status of pituitary function was assessed according to the level of preoperative serum hormone.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were employed to analyze the correlations of preoperative hypopituitarism with age,gender,hypertension,epilepsy history,course of disease,mass effect of tumor,tumor location,intracranial pressure (ICP),and composition of cerebrospinal fluid.Results Before surgery,30 showed hypopituitarism,accounting for 36.14％:23 had deficiency in one pituitary axe and 7 had multi-axial deficiency.Univariate analysis showed that high ICP (ICP＞200 mmH2O),acute or sub-acute course (≤ 3 months) and presence of mass effect by non-sellar brain tumor were the risk factors of hypopituitarism (P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that intracranial mass effect in patients with non-sellar brain tumor was an independent risk factor (OR=3.197,95％CI=1.085-9.423,P=0.035).Conclusion Hypopituitarism has high morbidity in patients with non-sellar brain tumor;intracranial mass effect is an independent risk factor for hypopituitarism.

Objective To study the effect of MT-1207 on blood glucose,blood lipids and atherosclerosis in mice.Methods The apolipoprotein E knockout(ApoE-/-)mice were fed with normal feed,drug feed containing losartan and drug feed containing MT-1207 at a dosage of 30 mg/kg.The body weight,blood glucose and blood lipids were detected,and the plaque area of atherosclerotic was evaluated.8-week-old male C57 mice were fed a high fat diet and given intragastric administration of MT-1207 and losartan at a dose of 30 mg/kg per day.The body weight,blood glucose and lipids levels were also examined to further evaluate the effects of MT-1207 on blood glucose and lipids levels.Results ApoE-/-mice treated with MT-1207 and losartan gained weight faster.There was no significant improvement in blood glucose and lipid levels,and no significant change in atherosclerotic plaque area.MT-1207 and losartan had no significant improvement effect on blood glucose and blood lipids of C57 mice.Conclusion MT-1207 and losartan couldn't improve the levels of blood glucose,blood lipids and atherosclerosis,and couldn't aggravate atherosclerosis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) in children.Methods:The clinical data and follow-up information of 41 pediatric patients with ANE treated in Wuhan Children′s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology from January 2014 to September 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.Results:The 41 patients included 23 males and 18 females with the onset age of (4.4±3.2) years.The main prodromal symptoms were gastrointestinal (20/41 cases, 48.8%) and respiratory infections (19/41 cases, 46.3%). Acute encephalopathy progressed rapidly following the prodromal infection [29 cases (70.7%) ≤2 days], and patients had clinical manifestations of coma (32/41 cases, 78.0%), convulsion (32/41 cases, 78.0%), multiple organ dysfunction (27/41 cases, 65.9%), shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation were rarely occured, and 28 cases (68.3%) were admitted to intensive care unit for treatment.Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed lesion involving thalamus (41/41 cases, 100.0%), periventricular white matter (34/41 cases, 82.9%), brainstem (31/41 cases, 75.6%), basal ganglia (26/41 cases, 63.4%), cerebral cortex and subcortex (20/41 cases, 48.8%) and cerebellum (18/41 cases, 43.9%). The common presentations on the apparent diffusion coefficient mapping of brain MRI were " tricolor pattern" or " bicolor pattern" of the thalamus.During follow-up (≥ 6 months), MRI showed that hemorrhage, cystic degeneration and atrophy changed dynamically with the progression of ANE.All cases were treated with glucocorticoids, 38 cases(92.7%) with intravenous immune globulin.Seven cases (17.1%) were died and the 34 survivors had different degrees of neurological dysfunction.Conclusions:ANE in children is a distinctive type of clinicoradiologic syndrome with rapid progression and various presentations.Brain MRI has typical imaging characteristics and dynamically indicates the progression of this disease.The treatment options are still limited, the prognosis is poor and the survivors are often with neurological dysfunction.

Antibiotics are playing an increasingly important role in clinical antibacterial applications. However, their abuse has also brought toxic and side effects, drug-resistant pathogens, decreased immunity and other problems. New antibacterial schemes in clinic are urgently needed. In recent years, nano-metals and their oxides have attracted wide attention due to their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Nano-silver, nano-copper, nano-zinc and their oxides are gradually applied in biomedical field. In this study, the classification and basic properties of nano-metallic materials such as conductivity, superplasticity, catalysis, and antibacterial activities were firstly introduced. Secondly, the common preparation techniques, including physical, chemical and biological methods, were summarized. Subsequently, four main antibacterial mechanisms, such as cell membrane, oxidative stress, DNA destruction and cell respiration reduction, were summarized. Finally, the effect of size, shape, concentration and surface chemical characteristics of nano-metals and their oxides on antibacterial effectiveness and the research status of biological safety such as cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity were reviewed. At present, although nano-metals and their oxides have been applied in medical antibacterial, cancer treatment and other clinical fields, some issues such as the development of green preparation technology, the understanding of antibacterial mechanism, the improvement of biosafety, and the expansion of application fields, require further exploration.
Oxides/chemistry* ; Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry* ; Zinc ; Copper