Objective To investigate the characteristics of clinical application of skin flap supplied by sural nerve nutrition blood vessel. Methods The flaps were used in 17 cases to repair the soft tissue defect in heel,mallelous,anterior tibial and achilles tendon. Results 14 cases of 17 survived satisfactory. 2 cases presented edema and partially necrosis,they finally survived after open decompression and change of dressing. 1 case presented chronic sinus because of osteomyelitis of calcaneus. 6 months later, when the fracture healed, we performed debridement, removal of internal fixation, curettage and irrigation. It finally healed. Conclusion The sural nerve nutrition blood vessel flap was easy to elevate and safe, which was an ideal flap for repairing the soft tissue defect around the heel, malleolus, achilles tendon and the anterior tibial.

Objective To evaluate the effect of chronic alcohol intake on the sedative potency of propofol through investigating the effect of chronic alcohol intake on the half-effective target effect-site concentration ( EC50 )of propofol required for loss of consciousness in patients. Methods Fifty male ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients, aged 25-60 yr, weighing 50-80 kg, scheduled for elective surgery, were divided into 2 groups according to the history of chronic alcoholic intake ( n = 25 each): control group (alcoholic intake per day ＜ 25 g) and chronic alcoholic group (alcoholic intake per day＞45 g, lasting for 2 yr or more). The EC50 and 95% confidence interval (CI)were determined by up-and-down sequential method. The initial target effect-site concentration was 2 μg/nl in chronic alcoholic group and 1.5μg/ml in control group, and the ratio between the two successive concentrations was 1.05. Loss of consciousness was defined as loss of response to verbal command and eyelash stimulation. Results The EC50 of propofol that produced loss of consciousness was 3.92 (95 % CI 3.56-4.63 ) μg/ml in chronic alcoholic group and 2.73 (95%CI 2.26-3.31)μg/ml in control group. The EC50 of propofol was significantly higher in chronic alcoholic group than in control group ( P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Chronic alcohol intake can increase the EC50 of propofol required to induce loss of consciousness and reduce sedative potency in patients.

With the progress of imaging, optics and other science and technology, neuroendoscopy technology has been greatly developed, the application of more and more widely, but also become one of the techniques that neurosurgeons must be familiar with and master. With the further popularization of neuroendoscopy technology, related complications have also attracted wide attention. Endoscopic techniques are being used extensively used in the current times for the diagnosis and treatment of numerous intracranial pathologies. Although the incidence of complications related to neuroendoscopy is lower than that of traditional surgery, neuroendoscopy itself may bring complications such as hemorrhage, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, subdural hematoma and so on. This article reviews the complications related to neuroendoscopic surgery, in order to improve the understanding of complications and timely and correct treatment, so as to improve the curative effect of neuroendoscopic surgery.

Objective To investigate the effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) receptor agonists to improve micturition function in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods Fourteen female SD rats with the weight of 250 to 275 g were used.Seven rats were in the DM model group with intraperitoneal injection streptozotocin (STZ,65 mg/kg).Rats in the control group and DM group were anesthetized with urethane (1.3 g/kg) 8 weeks later.A polyethylene (PE)-50 catheter were placed in the left jugular vein for intravenous drug administration.A PE-90 catheter was inserted into the bladder,with the other end connected to a syringe pump for continuous infusion of saline and a pressure transducer for intravesical pressure monitor.Dose-response curves for 8-OH-DPAT were followed by WAY-100635 test.The capacity,residual volume,micturition volume,and EUS-EMG were measured.Results Compared to normal control,DM rats had a higher bladder capacity,residual volume,and a lower voiding efficiency.With increasing dose of 8-OH-DPAT (0.003-1.000 mg/kg,i.v.),the micturition volume increased from (2.15±0.49) ml to (2.85±0.21) ml,the residual volume decreased from (3.40±0.74)ml to (1.82±0.48) ml and voiding efficiency changed from (39.0±9.3)％ to (61.6±6.9)％.Control rats showed little change in cystometic variable.During the micturition,there was a dose-dependent increased phasic EUS activity correlated with the improved voiding efficiency.WAY-100635 (0.300 mg/kg,i.v.) reversed the 8-OH-DPAT-induced changes.Conclusions Both the bladder voiding efficiency and the periodic EUS activity decrease in DM rats.5-HT1A receptor agonist could promote periodic EUS activity and improve voiding efficiency.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of diciofenac sodium suppository and terazosin in treatment of prostatodynia. Methods 120 patients(age ranging from 19 to 48 years,mean age was 29. 8 years) suffering from prostatodynia, were randomly divided into 2 groups: diciofenac sudium suppositoy group of 60 patients (50mg,rectal medication, q12h for 2 weeks) and terazosin group of 60 patients (2mg, per os, q12h or qn for 2 weeks).The therapeutic effects and side-effects were compared after 2 weeks treatment. Results The total clinical effective rate in diciofenac sudium suppository group was 97% , higher than that (80%) of terazosin groups(P

Objective To present one case of bronchial artery aneurysm successfully treated with endovascular interventional procedure and review literature. Methods A 67-year-old man was diagnosed with mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm accompanied with tuberculous pleurisy by chest imaging. The aneurysm was treated via transcatheter bronchial artery embolization combined with endovascular stent-graft placement in the thoracic aorta under DSA guidance. Results Postprocedural angiography showed satisfactory exclusion of the aneurysm and no endolead. Conclusion Interventional therapeutic management of bronchial artery aneurysm is feasible and accurate.

Objective To understand the eco-hydraulics characteristics of Biomphalaria straminea,the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni. Methods The drainage method and settlement tube method were applied to measure B. straminea's den-sity and hydrostatic settling velocity respectively. Results The density of B. straminea was 1.04-1.16 g/cm3,and the average value was 1.08 g/cm3. The hydrostatic settling velocity was 2.32-12.92 cm/s. Conclusions The eco-hydraulics characteristics of B. straminea is different from Oncomelania hupensis,and more attention should be paid to the hydraulic measures for the con-trol of B. straminea.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of non-invasive atherosclerosis detection technology for the early diagnosis of young type 2 diabetic patients with lower extremity vascular disease .Methods 78 young patients with type 2 diabetes( T2DM group) and 80 cases in the healthy control group were detected some indicators , including upstroke time(UT)%,mean artery pressure(%MAP),the pulse wave speed(baPWV) and ankle-brachial index(ABI) by Omron arteriosclerosis detector.Those items were comprehensively used to evaluate the diabetes patients of lower extremity vascular disease .Results There were statistically significant differences in UT ,%MAP, baPWV and ABI between the T2DM group and the control group(t=4.218,8.798,-3.392,5.136,all P<0.01). ABI of 6 patients was less than 0.9.Moreover,five of these 6 patients examined by color Doppler ultrasound had arte-rial plaque formation.As to patients of ABI >0.9,2 cases of them were promoted lower extremity arterial stenosis and occlusion,and then they were certified by color Doppler ultrasound .Conclusion Non-invasive atherosclerosis detec-tion technology has better accuracy to the diagnosis of young type 2 diabetes patients with atherosclerosis ,and may find patients with blocked arteries earlier ,provide better value for early clinical intervention .

BACKGROUND:It remains controversial in term of efficacy for the lightweight mesh and heavyweight mesh in inguinal hernia repair.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical therapeutic effects of lightweight mesh and heavyweight mesh in open methods of inguinal hernia repair with Meta-analysis.
METHODS:Comprehensive electronic search strategies were developed using the fol owing electronic databases:PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline, Ovid, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang and FMJS. The Literature published before February 2013 was searched. The randomized control ed trials about comparing lightweight mesh and heavyweight mesh in open methods of inguinal hernia repair were included. A data-extraction sheet was developed based on the preset standards. The data from eligible studies were pooled using RevMan5.1 software through Meta-analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Eighteen trials with a total of 4 450 hernias met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed that there was a statistical difference between lightweight mesh group and the heavyweight mesh group on short-term pain [odd ratio (OR)=0.57, 95%confidence interval (CI) (0.43, 0.74), P<0.05] and a reduced risk of developing foreign body sensations [OR=0.49, 95%CI (0.35, 0.69), P<0.05]. No significant differences were found between the two groups in recurrence rate, testicular atrophy, seroma, hematoma, wound infection, urine retention (P>0.5). According to limited evidence, there are some findings as fol ows:the lightweight mesh is of feasibility, safety and effectiveness for inguinal hernia repair. Because of the limits of sample and quality, more large-sample and high-quality trials are required to make a definite clinical evidence to use lightweight mesh for inguinal hernia repair.

BACKGROUND:It remains controversial in term of therapeutic efficacy of self-fixating mesh and sutured mesh in inguinal hernia repair. OBJECTIVE:To compare the therapeutic effects of self-fixating mesh and sutured mesh in open inguinal hernia repair with Meta-analysis. METHODS:Comprehensive electronic search strategies were developed using the folowing electronic databases: Cochrane library, PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Ovid, CNKI, Wanfang and FMJS. The Literature published before December 2014 was searched. Perspective randomized controled trials about comparing self-fixating mesh and sutured mesh in open inguinal hernia repair were included. A data-extraction sheet was developed based on the preset standards. The data from eligible studies were pooled through Meta-analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nine trials with a total of 2 100 inguinal hernia patients met the inclusion criteria, including 1 033 cases of self-fixing mesh and 1 067 cases of sutured mesh. The Meta-analysis showed that no significant differences were found between the two groups in the recurrence rate, seroma, hematoma, wound infection, pain, foreign body sensations (P > 0.05), but the duration of operation was less in the self-fixing mesh group than the sutured mesh group (P < 0.05). According to limited evidence, there are some findings as folows: self-fixating mesh is equivalent to sutured mesh in the therapeutic effects on open inguinal hernia repair. Because of the limits of samples and literature quality, more large-sample and high-quality trials are required to make a definite clinical evidence to use self-fixating mesh for groin hernia repair.