ObjectiveTo explore composition rules of suppress cough prescriptions.MethodsThe suppress cough prescriptions in “The New National Medicine” were collected to build a database based on Traditional Chinese medicine inheritance assist system. Themethods of association rules with apriori algorithm and complex system entropy cluster were used to achieve the frequency of medicines and association rules between drugs.ResultsThe data-mining results indicated that themostfrequentlyused drugs wereRadix Glycyrrhizae, Platycodon grandiflorum, Semen armeniacae amarae, Ephdra vulgaris, Dried tangerine or orange peel. The most frequent drug combinations were “Radix Glycyrrhizae, Platycodon grandiflorum”, “Radix Glycyrrhizae, Semen armeniacae amarae”, “Radix Glycyrrhizae, Dried tangerine or orange peel” and so on. The drugs with a high degree confidence coefficient of association rules include “Dried tangerine or orange peel, the root bark of white mulberry”, “Dried tangerine or orange peel, Snakegourd Seed”. The new prescription that we can get composited by Fructus AurantiiwasAngelica decursiva, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, the root bark of white mulberry.ConclusionFrom the analysis above, we could conclude that the drugs insuppress cough prescriptions havemoreeffects ofrelieving superficies, clearing heat and drying dampness, ventilating the lung and resolving phlegm,nourishingYinand supplementingQi.

Objective To explore the medication rules of State Medical MasterYan Zhenghua. Methods The prescriptions including Angelicae Sinensis Radix that built by Pro. Yan were collected to build a database based on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) inheritance assist system(V2.0.1). After analyzed by the statistical reports module and the data analysis module which were from TCM inheritance assist system, and the methods of data-mining that including association rules and apriori algorithm, the frequency of single medicine, the frequency of drug combination, the association rules between drugs and core drug combinations which all were including Angelicae Sinensis Radix can be get from the database.Results The prescriptions including Angelicae Sinensis Radix were commonly used to treat stomach-ache, arthralgia syndrome, irregular menstruation and other syndromes. The highest frequency used drugs were Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Rhizoma Cyperi, and so on. The most frequency drug combinations were “Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Radix Paeoniae Rubra”, “Radix Paeoniae Alba, Angelicae Sinensis Radix”, and “Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Angelicae Sinensis Radix”. The drug association rules that the confidence was more than 0.9 were “Fructus Jujubae-Angelicae Sinensis Radix”, “Fructus Amomi Villosi-Angelicae Sinensis Radix”, “Radix Codonopsis-Angelicae Sinensis Radix”, and “Os Draconis-Concha Ostreae”, and so on.Conclusion The drugs in the prescriptions containing Angelicae Sinensis Radix that built by Pro. Yan mostly had the effects of cooling blood, replenishing blood, and promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis, which reflected the clear thought when making prescriptions.

Objective To preliminarily explore the feasibility of tree shrew as a new kind of animal model in research of amblyopia,to discuss the primary visual cortex plasticity mechanism of form deprivation in tree shrew,and to provide a theoretical basis for further understanding the mechanism of amblyopia formation and recovery.Methods Sixty 30-days old tree shrews were divided into five groups,12 in each group:the group A had the right eye sutured for 1 month;the group B had the right eye sutured for 2 months;the group C had the left eye sutured for 1 month and then opened and the righ eye was sutured for 1 month,in other words,the group C was performed by alternating suture;the tree shrews of control group 1(D1) were in the same age as the the group A,but fed in normal breedingenvironment;the tree shrews of control group 2(D2) were at the same age of groups B and C,but fed with a normal diet.Samples of the visual cortex were taken after the completion of modeling,and were processed to observe the histology and ultrastructure of the visual cortex,the neuron apoptosis,and the c-fos protein expression in the tree shrews of different groups.Results Damages to different degrees were found by histological and electron microscopic examination of the visual cortex in each experimental group,and they were more obvious in the group sutured for 2 months.TUNEL staining showed that there were no significant differences between the apoptosis in the experimental and control groups.The expression of c-fos mRNA and protein in the experimental groups was decreased,and it was the lowest in the group sutured for 2 months.There was a small increase in the c-fos expression after the alternate suture,and no significant difference of c-fos expression was found in the control groups.Conclusions Different degrees of deprivation amblyopia lead to different histopathological changes.There is a plasticity in the neurons affected by amblyopia.Tree shrew can be used as an ideal animal model for the studies of form deprivation amblyopia.

Objective:To investigate the value of left ventricular opacification (LVO) for measuring left ventricular (LV) remodeling parameters in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.Methods:Sixty-nine STEMI patients in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from April 2018 to December 2019 were enrolled. The apical four-chamber, three-chamber and two-chamber views of LV were collected with unenhanced and contrast-enhanced modes. According to the endocardium display in the unenhanced mode, all patients were divided into two groups: excellent image quality group ( n=23) and poor image quality group ( n=46). The endocardial segment display rate and mural thrombus diagnosis rate were compared between the two groups, and the improvement of LV overall image quality and LV apex display were evaluated in the poor image quality group.LV end diastolic volume (LVEDV), LV end systolic volume (LVESV), LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) were measured with unenhanced and contrast-enhanced modes, respectively. The differences and repeatability of LV remodeling measurements of LVEDV, LVESV, LVEF and GLS in each group were compared with unenhanced and contrast-enhanced modes, and the feasibility and accuracy of GLS in contrast-enhanced mode were evaluated. Results:①Regardless of the image quality in the unenhanced mode, the display rate of endocardial segment in the contrast-enhanced mode was higher than that in the unenhanced mode (all P<0.05). ②For the poor image quality group, the overall image quality of LV and the display of LV apex were significantly improved in the contrast-enhanced mode (all P<0.05). ③For the poor image quality group, LVESV in contrast-enhanced mode was higher, while LVEF and GLS were lower than those in the unenhanced mode (all P<0.05). ④The correlation between GLS measured in contrast-enhanced and unenhanced mode was 0.912, and most of the measurements in the two modes were within the consistency threshold. For the poor image quality group, compared with GLS measured in the unenhanced mode, the correlation between GLS and LVEF measured in the contrast-enhanced mode was higher (0.731 vs 0.709). ⑤For the excellent image quality group, the interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of most parameters were increased slightly in the contrast-enhanced mode, especially among interobservers. For the poor image quality group, the intra- and inter-observers′ ICC of LV remodeling mearsurements were increased significantly in the contrast-enhanced mode. Conclusions:LVO can more clearly display the LV structure of STEMI patients and obtain more repeatable LV remodeling measurements such as LVEDV, LVESV, LVEF and GLS, especially for patients with poor image quality.

To investigate the relationship between severity of cerebrovascular atherosclerosis stenosis and that of coronary atherosclerosis stenosis.Methods Cerebral angiography and coronary angiography were performed in 34 patients who had coronary disease with cerebral ischemia.Patients were divided into 3 subgroups according to the degree ofstenosis on angiography,concomitant diseases,risk factors and biochemical data.Results The follow-up study showed that the incidence of cardiac and cerebrovascular death increased significantly in patients with moderate to severe stenosis of coronary and cerebral arteries;the severity of stenosis in the coronary artery parallels that in the solitary carotid artery,or dual carotid and vertebral arteries.Conclusions Patients with coronary and cerebral artery stenosis,especially those with multi-risk factors,such as hypertension,diabetes and cigarette smoking,should receive intensive treatment to reduce cardiac and cerebrovascular events.(J Geriatr Cardiol 2008;5:227-229)

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of haploidentical blood and marrow transplantation (haplo-BMT) in the treatment of advanced chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).MethodsFrom November 2002 to October 2007,35 patients with advanced CML received haplo-BMT.Eleven patients achieved the second chronic phase (CP2) after treatment with imatinib or chemotherapy or both before pre-conditioning,but there were 13 cases in accelerated phase (AP) and 11 patients in blast phase (BP) at the time of transplantation.By the last follow-up date October 31,2011,the median follow-up time among living patients was 67 months (range,49 to 100 months).ResultsThe cases of HLA-antigen mismatched between donors and recipients as 1,2,and 3 antigens were 1,12,and 22 respectively.The number of mean mononuclear cells and CD34+ cells was (7.19+ 1.37) × 108/kg and (2.54± 1.50) × 106/kg,respectively.All but one patient achieved durable hematopoietic reconstitution. Hyperacute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) occurred in 28.6％ (10/35) patients.The cumulative incidence of grade Ⅱ to Ⅳ acute GVHD was 48％.Among 27 patients who survived longer than 100 days after transplant,16 (60 ％) had chronic GVHD.Fiveyear overall survival (OS) rate was 46.2％ and 45.5％ in CML-AP and BP (P =0.97),respectively.Five-year probability of OS rate was 81.8％,30.8％ and 27.3％ in patients with CML-CP2,CML-AP and BP at transplant,respectively.The OS of CML-CP2 was significantly higher than CML-AP and BP at transplant (P＜0.01 ).ConclusionHaplo-BMT is a feasible therapeutic mean for patients with advanced CML who have no matched donors available.It is better to perform haplo-BMT at CML-CP2 other than CML-AP or BP.

Objective To explore the influential factors of esthetic evaluation of mandibular prominence by orthodontic patients from two dimensions (ideal value and tolerance range).Methods 226 orthodontic patients were investigated by an electronic questionnaire of esthetic evaluation of mandibular prominence.Binary logistic regression was adopted to analyze the influential factors.Results The tolerable boundary value for female mandibular retrognathism was affected by age (OR1.360) and orthodontic history (OR2.849).The tolerable boundary value for female mandibular prognathism and male mandibular retrognathism were found to be affected by orthodontic history (OR2.557 and 2.845,respectively).The tolerable boundary value for male mandibular prognathism was affected by age (OR1.347) and orthodontic history (OR2.310).The ideal value of male mandibular prominence was affected by age (OR1.420).Conclusions Orthodontic patients' esthetic evaluation of mandibular prominence is influenced by age and treatment condition,but not by sex,education level,marital status and personal profile.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Liangxue Huoxue decoction on intestinal flora, intestinal barrier and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/caspase-1/gasdermin D (GSDMD) pyroptosis signaling pathway in mice model of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI).Methods:The model of AKI was established by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham operation group (Sham group), sepsis group (CLP group) and sepsis+Liangxue Huoxue decoction (CLP+LXHX group), with 10 mice in each group. Mice in Sham group only underwent laparotomy. Two hours before model establishment, mice in CLP+LXHX group were treated with Liangxue Huoxue decoction (6 g/kg) by gavage; mice in Sham group and CLP group were given equal volume of normal saline by gavages. After 24 hours of modeling, all mice were sacrificed under anesthesia, and the colon and kidney tissues and fresh feces in the colon were taken. The pathological changes of kidney and colon were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining under light microscope. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect inflammatory factors (interleukins, IL-1β and IL-18) in renal tissue. The expressions of NLRP3, caspase-1 and GSDMD were detected by Western blotting. The changes of intestinal flora in mice were detected by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing.Results:Compared with the Sham group, the inflammatory cell infiltration of the kidney tissue was increased and the kidney became vacuolated in CLP group, the mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-18, and the protein expressions of NLRP3, caspase-1 and GSDMD were significantly increased in CLP group, the species richness of intestinal microflora decreased significantly, the relative abundance of Enterococcus and Escherichia-Shigella increased significantly, and the relative abundance of Ileibacterium, Alloprevotella, Lachnospiraceae, Klebsiella and Parasutterella increased significantly in CLP group. Compared with CLP group, Liangxue Huoxue decoction can significantly reduce the pathological changes of kidney and colon tissue, reduce the pathological score (1.75±0.43 vs. 3.50±0.50 for kidney tissue, 1.25±0.43 vs. 4.50±0.50 for colon tissue, both P < 0.05), improve the composition of intestinal flora, reduce the relative abundance of Enterococcus and Escherichia-Shigella, and significantly increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Akkermansia. In addition, Liangxue Huoxue decoction can significantly reduce mRNA expressions of IL-1β and IL-18 in kidney tissue [IL-1β mRNA (2 -ΔΔCt): 1.59±0.05 vs. 4.61±0.88, IL-18 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCt): 1.69±0.17 vs. 2.86±0.63, both P < 0.05] and the protein expressions of NLRP3, caspase-1 and GSDMD (NLRP3/GAPDH: 0.71±0.04 vs. 0.89±0.01, caspase-1/GAPDH: 1.04±0.04 vs. 1.48±0.04, GSDMD/GAPDH: 0.90±0.01 vs. 1.41±0.02, all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Liangxue Huoxue decoction has obvious protective effect on AKI induced by sepsis. It can improve intestinal barrier by regulating intestinal flora, thereby inhibiting the activation of NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway in kidney tissue and reducing the expression of proptosis-related inflammatory factors.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of HLA- haploidentical donor hematopoietic transplantation (Haplo- HSCT)for severe aplastic anemia (SAA)by compared with the same period of unrelated donor transplantation (UD- HSCT).

METHODSOf a cohort of 50 SAA patients between September 2012 and July 2014, 26 patients underwent UD- HSCT and 24 patients Haplo- HSCT.

RESULTSOS rate was 91.3% with a median follow-up of 9 (2-26)months. According to transplant type, there was no significant difference between UD- and Haplo-HSCT (96.1%vs 86.0%,P=0.30). 3 of 50 (6%)patients had primary engraft failure. Haplo- HSCT developed higher significantly incidence of Ⅱ- Ⅳ aGVHD (37.5%vs 3.83%,P=0.003)and cGVHD (37.5%vs 15.3%,P=0.030)than UD-HSCT. Haplo-HSCT also had significantly higher incidences of CMV viremia (78.2%vs 46.1%,P=0.005)and EBV viremia (43.1%vs 16.0%,P=0.040), respectively than UD-HSCT. But the incidences of hemorrhagic cystitis were similar between two transplant types (39.1%vs 23.0%,P=0.120).

CONCLUSIONThis study showed favorable outcome of Haplo-HSCT for SAA, which was comparable with UD-HSCT.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of 34 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) and MLL gene rearrangement. Methods: The clinical data of 34 AML patients with FLT3-ITD and MLL gene rearrangement was compared and analyzed for the therapeutic efficacy, prognostic factors when treated with chemotherapy, chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy or allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Results: Of the thirty-four cases with median age 41 (4-71) years old, 63.6% presented with white blood cells (WBC) greater than 30×10⁹/L, 39.4% greater than 50 × 10⁹/L respectively on admission. M₅ (35.3%) made up the highest proportion. The cytogenetic abnormality reached 61.8%, of which the complex cytogenetic abnormality accounted for 11.8%. Eleven patients (32.35%) had both FLT3-ITD and MLL gene abnormalities. In addition to FLT3 and MLL abnormalities, 23 patients (67.6%) had one or more other gene abnormalities (multiple gene abnormalities). Of the 34 cases, 29.4% patients went into complete remission (CR) after two courses of chemotherapy. 20.6% (7 patients) went into CR after 3 or more courses of chemotherapy. The rate of early relapse in the CR group was 52.9%. Patients with WBC>50×10⁹/L or multiple gene abnormalities had a lower remission rate (7.7%, 5.4%) after two courses of chemotherapy. CR rate for the patients with more than three gene abnormalities was 0. The total 2-year overall survival (OS) in the 34 patients was 28.8% (95% CI 13.5%-46.0%) and the disease-free survival (DFS) was 27.1% (95% CI 12.5%-44.0%). Of the 18 patients treated with chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy, 17 cases died within 2 years and 1 lost follow-up after giving up treatment. For the 16 patients received allo-HSCT, the 3-year OS was 43.4% (95% CI 13.7%-70.4%) and DFS 42.7% (95% CI 13.4%-69.7%). Conclusion AML patients with FLT3-ITD and MLL gene rearrangement often presented with M₅, accompanied by hyperleukocytosis, cytogenetic or multiple gene abnormalities. Those patients were observed to have low response rate and high early relapse when treated with chemotherapy without allo-HSCT. Patients had multiple gene abnormalities may be an important poor prognostic factor. Allo-HSCT is an effective treatment which could significantly improve the prognosis and survival of AML patients with FLT3-ITD and MLL gene abnormalities.