Objective A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) inheritance assist system software was used to analyze the medication experiences of treating urticaria.Methods Literatures in three TCM medical books about the treatment of urticaria were collected and analyzed in terms of the utilizing frequency and association rules between different medicines. Data mining research methods such as Apriori algorithm, complex system entropy cluster and unsupervised hierarchical cluster were used in the research.Results Based on 138 screened prescriptions, the study confirmed that the frequency of using Radix sileriswas was highest, and 20 drugs elected in 218 prescription drugs were used more than 20 times. According to the utilizing frequency order of pharmaceutical compositions from high to low, association rules between drugs ranked in the top four were‘ Radix sileris- Cicada slough’, ‘Radix sileris- Schizonepeta’, ‘Radix sileris- Paeonia’, and ‘Schizonepeta- Cicadaslough’. Meanwhile, 30 pharmaceutical drug combinations and 14 new prescriptions were found. Conclusion The research, based on TCM inheritance assist system software platform and data mining method on medication rules of urticaria treatment prescriptions, is instructive in the clinical treatment of urticaria and also provide useful reference for the development of the new drug on urticaria.

Objective To investigate the application of ~(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose hybrid PET/CT (~(18)F-FDG hPET/CT) imaging in clinical staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Seventy two consecutive patients with NSCLC undergoing ~(18)F-FDG hPET/CT before radiotherapy were analyzed. The results were compared with previous CT scan and conventional clinical staging. The patients were followed-up for at least 6 months. Results Among the 72 patients, the staging grade was changed in 27 patients due to the result of ~(18)F-FDG hPET/CT in whom with 20 patients having their grade raised and 7 lowered. Radical treatment was changed to palliative treatment in view of a raise of staging grade. Because of distant metastasis was detected by ~(18)F-FDG hPET/CT imaging, 14 patients received palliative treatment. Compared with CT, 47 more lymph nodes and 26 distant metastases were found with ~(18)F-FDG hPET/CT imaging, and the patients in question received radiotherapy and palliative treatment accordingly. Conclusion ~(18)F-FDG hPET/CT imaging, by changing the clinical staging in 37.5% (27/72) NSCLC patients, has impact on treatment strategy and treatment planning of radiotherapy in NSCLC patients. Patients were frequently spared unnecessary treatment, and management was more appropriately targeted.

Objective To detect the A20 gene deletion,investigate the impacts of A20 gene deletion on clinicopathological features and prognosis of DLBCL,and relationship between activation of NF-κB pathway and relative molecular pathogenesis.Methods A20 gene deletion was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).The expression of A20,Survivin,P65 and Ki-67 were detected by immunohistochemistry stain.Apoptosis was assayed by TUNEL.Follow-up and statistical analysis were done.Results The deletion rate of A20 gene was 21.7％.The deletion rate of A20 gene was obviously higher in ABC-like DLBCL than that in GCB-like DLBCL (30.6％ vs.8.3％,P＜0.05).It was observed that there was a negative correlation between A20 protein expression and A20 gene deletion (r=-0.259,P =0.023).The expression of P65 and Survivin protein was positively correlated with the A20 gene deletion (r=0.280,P =0.015;r =0.313,P =0.007).Apoptosis rate was significantly reduced in DLBCL patients with A20 gene deletion.The apoptosis rate was higher in cases with positive expression of A20 protein,while that was lower in cases with positive expression of p65 and Survivin protein than those with negative expression of corresponding protein.There was no statistically significant difference in apoptosis rate between ABC-like and GCB-like DLBCL patients (P＞0.05).COX regression analysis indicated that age,A20 gene deletion,types of DLBCL and Ki67 expression were independent factors associated with survival status.Log-rank test showed that there was a statistical difference in survival status between the cases with and without A20 gene deletion (P=0.015).Conclusion A20 gene deletion may associate with the attenuation of A20 protein expression.The latter weakens negative feedback regulation of A20 protein for NF-κB pathway.An up-regulated expression of Survivin and abnormal proliferation and apoptosis may be result from the abnormal activation of NF-κB.A20 gene deletion brings certain influence on clinical course and prognosis of DLBCL.

Objective To explore the medication rules of State Medical MasterYan Zhenghua. Methods The prescriptions containing Radix Paeoniae Alba that prescribed by Pro. Yan were collected to build a database based on traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)inheritance assist system. After analyzed by the statistical reports module and the data analysis module which were from TCM inheritance assist system, and the methods of data-mining that including association rules and apriori algorithm, the frequency of single medicine, the frequency of drug combination, the association rules between drugs and core drug combinations which all were including Radix Paeoniae Alba can be get from the database.Results The prescriptions including Radix Paeoniae Alba were commonly used to treat megrim, stomach-ache, acid regurgitation and other syndromes. The highest frequency used drugs were Radix PaeoniaeRubra, PericarpiumCitriReticulatae, Radix SalviaeMiltiorrhizae, Radix AngelicaeSinensis, Poria, and so on. The most frequency drug combinations were “RadxPaeoniae Alba, Radix PaeoniaeRubra”, “Radix SalviaeMiltiorrhizae, Radix Paeoniae Alba”, and “Radix Paeoniae Alba, PericarpiumCitriReticulatae”. The drug association rules that the confidence was more than once were “Radix PaeoniaeRubra - Radix Paeoniae Alba”, “OsDraconis - Concha Ostreae”, “Radix AngelicaeSinensis,RadixPaeoniaeRubra - Radix Paeoniae Alba”, and “Radix PaeoniaeRubra, HerbaTaxilli - Radix Paeoniae Alba”, and so on.Conclusions The drugs in the prescriptions containing Radix Paeoniae Alba that built by Pro. Yan mostly had the effects of enriching the blood and invigorating the circulation of blood, relieve uneasiness of mind and body tranquilization, which reflected the clearly thought when constructing prescriptions.

Objective To investigate the effects of propofol anesthesia on cognitive function of aged rats. Methods Ninety-six male aged SD rats (16 months) were collected and given propofol anesthesia via tail vein catheter. At 7, 30, and 90 d after anesthesia, fear conditioning experiment was performed to test long-term memory of the aged rats (12 rats at each time point, total 36 rats). At 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 d after anesthesia, spontaneous alternation in Y-maze experiment was performed to test spatial working memory of the aged rats (12 rats at each time point, total 60 rats). Results There were no statistical differences in long-term memory at 7, 30, and 90 d after anesthesia between the propofol group and control group (P>0.05). While spatial working memory of aged rats in propofol group was impaired at 1 and 2 d after anesthesia (P<0.05), working memory of aged rats in propofol group was normal at 3, 4, and 5 d after anesthesia and there were no statistical differences between the experiment and control group (P>0.05). Conclusions These results indicate that clinical dose propofol anesthesia will not induce long-term memory impairment of aged rats, although it impairs spatial working memory of aged rats within 48 h after anesthesia.

Objective To investigate the impact of MDR1-targeting small interfering RNA (siRNA) on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell OCI-LY1 proliferation.Methods A20 gene was silenced using RNA interference.An optimal concentration and treatment duration of vincristine were selected using MTT.Before and after siRNA transfection, proliferation of OCI-LY1 cells was assayed using MTT assay, and cellular apoptosis was detected using FCM before or after the treatment of the cells with VCR.Detection of A20, NF-κB (p65) and Pgp proteins were conducted using Western blot whereas mRNA of the A20 and MDR1 genes were examined using real time PCR.Results1)Proliferation of OCI-LY1 cells was enhanced (P<0.001) after the transfection with siRNA-2,(P<0.05).In addition, cell proliferation curve was declined after VCR stimulation, but the decrease was slower in siRNA-transfected cells than the untransfected counterparts.2)Apoptostic rate was lower in siRNA-transfected cells than theuntransfected counterparts, and the rate was higher in the cells after treatment with the drug for 24 h (P<0.05).Increased apoptosis was more obvious in control OCI-LY1 cells than in siRNA-transfected cells after treatment with VCR(P<0.05).3)The expression of MDR1 mRNA and Pgp (P<0.001) was significantly increased after transfection, but the expression of MDR1 mRNA and Pgp were significantly decreased (P<0.05).The expression in VCR group was significantly lower than that in siRNA-transfected cells+VCR group (P<0.01).ConclusionsA20 siRNA could effectively enhance NF-kappa B expression in OCI-LY1 cells.NF-kappa B may up regulate the expression of its downstream genes such as MDR1 and cause apoptosis, in turn enhancing the inhibition of cell proliferation.VCR can reduce MDR1 mRNA and Pgp expression in OCI-LY1 cells and the effect of VCR could be attenuated by A20 siRNA.

The transitional near-infrared (NIR) laser was defined as ranging from 1.3μm to 1.4μm, within which the most sensitive tissue to laser damage changed from the retina to the cornea.The ocular damage effect has attracted much attention due to the increased varieties and output power of laser in this spectrum region in recent years.Compared with visible and mid-and-far infrared wavelengths, the ocular damage effect induced by transitional NIR wavelengths has many peculiarities and impact factors due to the bulk absorptionby ocular media.This paper reviews the existing ocular damage threshold data and analyzes the characteristics, impact factors and unresolved issues relating to ocular effects induced by laser radiation over the transition zone.

Diabetes is a chronic noncommunicable disease,which is can't be cured,and only can be suppressed by long-term treatment and self-management.The clinical decision support system can simulate the thinking process of diabetes specialists in disease diagnosis,and can provide the regular medical treatment plans and recommend the optimal plans to doctors.Most of the existing clinical decision support systems are based on clinical guidelines,rule-based and case-based reasoning as well as ontology-based systems.The big data technology can acquire and process multiple heterogeneous data,and provide a more scientific personalized treatment plan.In recent years,a variety of big date processing methods have been applied to the clinical diagnosis of diabetes based on decision tree,neural network,fuzzy logic,support vector machine,APRIORI association rules and multidimensional analysis,and timing mining.However,these methods are still in preliminary stage.The framework of diabetes clinical decision support system based on big data technology was analyzed,and the future diagnostic and treatment methods were forecast.

There are eight forms of vitamin E in human blood, including α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocopherols and α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocotrienols. As the most abundant and active form of vitamin E, α-tocopherol is widely accepted as a reliable indicator for nutritional assessment of body vitamin E status across the world. Considering that different vitamin E forms have diverse biological activities, separation and detection of different vitamin E forms in human blood facilitates the understanding of the association between vitamin E and diseases. In this review, the advances in sample-pretreatment techniques and detection techniques for vitamin E in human blood were presented. Currently, the sample-pretreatment techniques include solid-phase extraction, liquid-liquid extraction, dispersive liquid-phase microextraction, supported liquid extraction and direct protein precipitation; the detection techniques include automatic biochemical analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography and ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography mass spectrometry. This review summarizes the characteristics and scope of above-mentioned techniques used for detection of vitamin E in human blood, so as to provide insights into the selection of an appropriate method for inspection technicians.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) induced by Chinese herbal injection for tonify, and provide reference for safety evaluation and rational use. Methods The ADR cases that issued on the domestic medicinal periodicals from 1972 to 2011 in China were collected comprehensively to build a database, and analyzed by statistic methods. Results Totally 233 ADR cases involving 7 different kinds of Chinese herbal injection for tonify were collected, in which 86 cases weighted the most were related to Huangqi Injection. Chinese herbal injection for tonify may induce multiple systematic ADRs. The incidence of respiratory damage was 27.0%(80 cases), which was dominated in the ADRs. The incidence of ADRs had no difference between the genders (male was 117 cases, 50.2%, and female was 116 cases, 49.8%), and the average age of patients was (51.40±16.67) years old. ADRs often occurred within half an hour after the start of infusion (64.5%). The diseases of patients mostly were cancer (19.3%), coronary heart disease (15.9%), and hypertension (6.0%), etc. Only 76 cases mentioned the combination therapy, which mainly combined with the drugs of antibiotics, other traditional Chinese medicines and vitamin. Conclusion ADRs of Chinese herbal injection for tonify are always induced by drug combinations, inappropriate medication, and other factors. To use Chinese herbal injection more rational and enhance prevention awareness may be the key to reduce the occurrence of ADRs.