Objective: To explore the prevalence of screening myopia and depressive symptom among primary and secondary school students in Xuzhou, and to explore the association of sleep and screen time on the coexistence of screening myopia and depressive symptom, so as to provide scientific references for developing intervention strategies to address the development of myopia and promote mental health in children and adolescents. Methods: From September to October 2024, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 6 605 students in grade 4 to 12 in 2 urban and 2 suburban districts in Xuzhou. The students health condition and influencing factors questionnaire were used to assess students basic information, sleep time, and screen time. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess primary and secondary school students depressive symptom.Unaided distance visual acuity examination was conducted, and refractive assessment was performed using an automated refractometer without cycloplegic agents. The Chi-square test and multiple Logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the association of sleep and screen time with the coexistence of screening myopia and depressive symptom. Results: The detection rates of screening myopia, depressive symptom, and screening myopia and depressive symptoms co morbidity among primary and secondary school students in Xuzhou were 60.35%, 4.45% and 18.61% respectively. Results from the multinomial Logistic regression analysis, using the healthy group as the reference and after adjusting for confounding factors, showed that students with insufficient sleep duration were more likely to have depressive symptom ( OR=1.57, 95%CI =1.08-2.27) and the coexistence of screening myopia and depressive symptom ( OR=1.85, 95%CI =1.45-2.36). Students with daily screen time≥2 h were more likely to have depressive symptom only ( OR=1.41, 95%CI =1.04-1.93) and the coexistence of screening myopia and depressive symptom ( OR=1.31, 95%CI =1.06-1.61). Further stratified analysis based on sufficient and insufficient sleep duration revealed that only in the insufficient sleep duration group, students with daily screen time≥2 h had an increased risk of depressive symptom only ( OR=1.49, 95%CI =1.07-2.07) and the coexistence of screening positive myopia and depressive symptom ( OR=1.40, 95%CI =1.11- 1.77 ) (all P <0.05). Conclusions Primary and secondary school students with insufficient sleep duration and daily screen time≥2 h have higher risks of depressive symptoms and the coexistence of screening myopia and depressive symptoms. It is recommended to ensure adequate sleep duration and limit screen time for children and adolescents.

Objective:To establish a nomogram prediction model for severe postpartum hemorrhage in subsequent pregnancies after multiple cesarean sections.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical and imaging data of 395 pregnant and par-turient women with multiple cesarean section who were hospitalized for delivery from January 2021 to December 2023.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the risk factors for severe postpartum hemorrhage in sub-sequent pregnancies after multiple cesarean sections.A nomogram prediction model was established and validated in terms of specific-ity,accuracy,and clinical decision-making utility.Results:Among the 395 patients,131 experienced severe postpartum hemorrhage,accounting for 33.16%.The univariate analysis showed that times of pregnancy,times of vaginal delivery,grade of hospitals for previ-ous surgeries,number of prenatal checkups during this time of pregnancy,pregnancy-induced hypertension,gestational diabetes,pla-centa previa,location of placenta,association between placenta and uterus,and whether emergency cesarean section was performed were risk factors for severe postpartum hemorrhage in subsequent pregnancies after multiple cesarean sections(P<0.05).The multivari-ate logistic regression analysis showed that times of pregnancy,number of prenatal checkups,gestational diabetes,position of placenta,and whether emergency cesarean section was performed were independent risk factors for severe postpartum hemorrhage in subsequent pregnancies after multiple cesarean sections(P<0.05).A nomogram prediction model was established based on these independent risk factors,which had an area under the ROC curve of 0.783(95%CI=0.732-0.834),and there was a good consistency between the pre-dicted probability curve and the observed frequency curve.When the probability of severe postpartum hemorrhage predicted by the nomogram model was within the range of 0.15-1.0,the model has a good value of clinical decision-making.Conclusion:The incidence rate of severe postpartum hemorrhage in this population can be re-duced by attending regular prenatal checkups,controlling preg-nancy complications,and reducing the rate of emergency cesarean section and the number of deliveries.The nomogram prediction model established in this study has certain clinical application prospects.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological trends,temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Lanping County.Methods Based on tuberculosis management data and basic information systems from the"China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,"pulmonary tuberculosis data from Lanping County for 2018-2023 were obtained.Descriptive epidemiology,concentration method,circular distribution method,and spatial autocorrelation analysis were used to conduct epidemiological and spatial analyses of the pulmonary tuberculosis data.Results A total of 2836 TB cases were reported in Lanping County from 2018 to 2023,with an average annual incidence rate of 233.26 per 100000,showing a declining trend.The male-to-female ratio was 1.95∶1,with the highest incidence among individuals aged 60 and above(932 cases,32.86%).Cases were predominantly among farmers(91.01%)and the Lisu ethnic group(52.68%).TB incidence showed weak seasonality with a bimodal distribution,with primary peak occurring from October to March and secondary peak from June to August.Tu'e Township(324.74 per 100,000),Shideng Township(307.42 per 100000),and Jinding Town(260.98 per 100,000)had the highest incidence rates,accounting for 1,284 cases or 45.28%of the county's total cases.In 2020,the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Lanping County showed a spatial clustering distribution(global Morans's I value<0,P value<0.05),with Shideng Township consistently showing high-low aggregation characteristics.Conclusion Between 2018-2023,while the tuberculosis incidence rate in Lanping County has declined,it still falls short of Yunnan Province's tuberculosis prevention and control targets,and the prevention and control work continues to face significant challenges.Strengthening screening of high-risk populations and providing medical support to remote areas will be key measures for future prevention and treatment.

Objective To establish an expert consensus on the management of mini-midline catheters(hereinafter referred to as the'consensus')to guide nurses in standardizing the insertion and maintenance of mini-midline catheters.Methods Evidence was systematically retrieved,scientifically evaluated,and synthesized using evidence-based methods to draft the initial version of the consensus.From December 2023 to July 2024,totally 2 rounds of expert correspondence and 2 rounds of expert panel discussions were conducted to revise the content,resulting in the final version.Results There were 17 experts from tertiary A general hospitals in Beijing,Shanghai,Hunan,Hubei,Sichuan,Jiangsu,Hainan,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and Shandong participating in the consultation,with a 100％response rate.In the 2 rounds of expert correspondence,the authority coefficients were 0.947 and 0.962,respectively.The mean importance scores of all items exceeded 4.00 points.The coefficients of variation(CV)were 0-0.32(first round)and 0-0.15(second round).Kendall's concordance coefficients were 0.097 and 0.101(both P＜0.001).The consensus covers 11 sections,including definition,indications,contraindications,qualification training,pre-insertion preparation,catheter insertion,catheter use,catheter maintenance,catheter removal,prevention and management of common complications,and health education.Conclusion The Consensus demonstrates scientific rigor and comprehensively addresses key procedures before,during,and after the insertion of mini-midline catheters,providing actionable guidance for nurses in catheter insertion and maintenance.

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor with high prevalence worldwide and limited therapeutic options.Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell(CAR-T)therapy has emerged as a promising approach for gastric cancer treatment;however,its application faces substantial challenges.This review provides comprehensive summary of the recent advances in CAR-T cell therapy for gastric cancer,systematic analysis of critical break throughs and core challenges from target discovery to clinical translation,and outlining of future perspectives.We describe the criter-ia for ideal target selection and highlight the current research landscape of major targets,including CLDN18.2 that demonstrated efficacy,and targets facing distinct challenges,including HER-2,CEA,EpCAM,and MUC1.This review also finely dissects three central barriers restrict-ing CAR-T cell efficacy,and discusses corresponding countermeasures:overcoming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment through strategies such as local delivery,armored CAR-T cells,and combination therapies;engineering approaches including affinity modula-tion and logic-gate designs to mitigate on-target/off-tumor toxicity;and optimization of manufacturing processes and reduction of costs via early leukapheresis,rapid production platforms,and universal CAR-T cell strategies.Future multidimensional,integrative,and innovative strategies are pivotal for achieving comprehensive break throughs in CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors.

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor with high prevalence worldwide and limited therapeutic options.Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell(CAR-T)therapy has emerged as a promising approach for gastric cancer treatment;however,its application faces substantial challenges.This review provides comprehensive summary of the recent advances in CAR-T cell therapy for gastric cancer,systematic analysis of critical break throughs and core challenges from target discovery to clinical translation,and outlining of future perspectives.We describe the criter-ia for ideal target selection and highlight the current research landscape of major targets,including CLDN18.2 that demonstrated efficacy,and targets facing distinct challenges,including HER-2,CEA,EpCAM,and MUC1.This review also finely dissects three central barriers restrict-ing CAR-T cell efficacy,and discusses corresponding countermeasures:overcoming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment through strategies such as local delivery,armored CAR-T cells,and combination therapies;engineering approaches including affinity modula-tion and logic-gate designs to mitigate on-target/off-tumor toxicity;and optimization of manufacturing processes and reduction of costs via early leukapheresis,rapid production platforms,and universal CAR-T cell strategies.Future multidimensional,integrative,and innovative strategies are pivotal for achieving comprehensive break throughs in CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors.

Objective To establish an expert consensus on the management of mini-midline catheters(hereinafter referred to as the'consensus')to guide nurses in standardizing the insertion and maintenance of mini-midline catheters.Methods Evidence was systematically retrieved,scientifically evaluated,and synthesized using evidence-based methods to draft the initial version of the consensus.From December 2023 to July 2024,totally 2 rounds of expert correspondence and 2 rounds of expert panel discussions were conducted to revise the content,resulting in the final version.Results There were 17 experts from tertiary A general hospitals in Beijing,Shanghai,Hunan,Hubei,Sichuan,Jiangsu,Hainan,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and Shandong participating in the consultation,with a 100％response rate.In the 2 rounds of expert correspondence,the authority coefficients were 0.947 and 0.962,respectively.The mean importance scores of all items exceeded 4.00 points.The coefficients of variation(CV)were 0-0.32(first round)and 0-0.15(second round).Kendall's concordance coefficients were 0.097 and 0.101(both P＜0.001).The consensus covers 11 sections,including definition,indications,contraindications,qualification training,pre-insertion preparation,catheter insertion,catheter use,catheter maintenance,catheter removal,prevention and management of common complications,and health education.Conclusion The Consensus demonstrates scientific rigor and comprehensively addresses key procedures before,during,and after the insertion of mini-midline catheters,providing actionable guidance for nurses in catheter insertion and maintenance.

The list of occupational diseases reflecting the latest advances in the identification and recognition of occupational diseases, and providing guidance on the protection of workers' health rights and interests and the prevention, recording, notification and compensation of related occupational diseases. Diagnostic criteria for occupational diseases are an important basis for making diagnoses attributable to occupational diseases, and provide a theoretical basis for health monitoring of occupational groups and occupational hygiene supervision. This thesis starts with the definition of the occupational disease elaborates in detail the development history of list of occupational diseases in International Labour Organization (ILO) , compares the list of occupational diseases in China (2013 version) with the list of occupational diseases in international (2010 version) , and then introduces in detail the latest diagnostic standards of the major occupational diseases. And finally, it puts forward relevant suggestions on the list and diagnostic level of China's occupational diseases, so as to provide certain insights for the further improvement of the list and diagnostic standards of occupational diseases.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of the use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for portal hypertension, which should aid the development of TIPS in China.Methods:The China Portal Hypertension Alliance (CHESS) initiated this study that comprehensively investigated the basic situation of TIPS for portal hypertension in China through network research. The survey included the following: the number of surgical cases, main indications, the development of Early-TIPS, TIPS for portal vein cavernous transformation, collateral circulation embolization, intraoperative portal pressure gradient measurement, commonly used stent types, conventional anticoagulation and time, postoperative follow-up, obstacles, and the application of domestic instruments.Results:According to the survey, a total of 13 527 TIPS operations were carried out in 545 hospitals participating in the survey in 2021, and 94.1% of the hospital had the habit of routine follow-up after TIPS. Most hospitals believed that the main indications of TIPS were the control of acute bleeding (42.6%) and the prevention of rebleeding (40.7%). 48.1% of the teams carried out early or priority TIPS, 53.0% of the teams carried out TIPS for the cavernous transformation of the portal vein, and 81.0% chose routine embolization of collateral circulation during operation. Most of them used coils and biological glue as embolic materials, and 78.5% of the team routinely performed intraoperative portal pressure gradient measurements. In selecting TIPS stents, 57.1% of the hospitals woulel choose Viator-specific stents, 57.2% woulel choose conventional anticoagulation after TIPS, and the duration of anticoagulation was between 3-6 months (55.4%). The limitation of TIPS surgery was mainly due to cost (72.3%) and insufficient understanding of doctors in related departments (77.4%). Most teams accepted the domestic instruments used in TIPS (92.7%).Conclusions:This survey shows that TIPS treatment is an essential part of treating portal hypertension in China. The total number of TIPS cases is far from that of patients with portal hypertension. In the future, it is still necessary to popularize TIPS technology and further standardize surgical indications, routine operations, and instrument application.

Pyroptosis is a programmed death of inflammatory cells triggered by pathogen invasion,dependent on caspase activation,through both classical and non-classical pyroptosis pathways.Cell pyroptosis is related to the occurrence and development of a variety of animal infectious diseases caused by microbial infection.After microorganisms invading,cells are stimulated by pathology-re-lated molecular patterns,causing strong immune response,stimulating inflammatory signaling pathways,and then activating inflammasome,leading to pyroptosis.The immune system has e-volved multiple mechanisms to fight microbial infections and regulate inflammatory responses.The innate immune system,by recognizing microbial molecules in pathogens and responding quickly by producing inflammasome and activating pyroptosis,helps clear pathogens to prevent infection and maintain the normal functioning of the body.A thorough study of the pathogenesis and immune es-cape mechanism of cell pyroptosis in animal infectious diseases will provide a new direction for the treatment of animal infectious diseases.