1.Challenge of clinical engineering and development
International Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2006;0(05):-
Clinical engineering is at a strategic developing point. Technical, economical, and cultural dynamics are at work shaping the future of clinical engineering. As the nature of clinical engineering transformed by these forces, delay or failure to adopt effective methods will result in a diminished role for clinical engineering in healthcare. This article will demonstrates in detail the challenges which the clinical engineering encounters presently and its direction of development in the future.
2.Research on higher educational personnel training of clinical Chinese pharmacy
Bing ZHANG ; Jiarui WU ; Zhijian LIN
International Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2013;35(4):335-337
The personnel training is one of the core tasks of clinical Chinese pharmacy.Since the professional training of clinical Chinese pharmacy has started relatively late in China,the teaching contents and curriculum still need further improvements.This paper is aiming at analyzing the post tasks of personnel of clinical Chinese pharmacy,defining the knowledge structure of them,and learning from the characteristics of clinical Chinese pharmacy teaching systems of the foreign and domestic universities.On such basis,the paper proposes the ideas about constructing the curriculum system of clinical Chinese pharmacy,to provide a reference for the higher educational personnel training of clinical Chinese pharmacy.
3.Factors influencing positive and negative affects of orthodontic patients
Haiyan LIN ; Jiarui LIN ; Yuanyuan WANG ; Mingling FAN ; Weicai WANG ; Baicheng BAO
Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology 2014;20(1):48-51
Objective To investigate the factors influencing positive and negative affects ot orthodontic patients.Methods 145 orthodontic patients were selected and finished questionnaire survey.The questionnaires included demographic data,psychosocial impact of dental aesthetic questionnaire (PIDAQ),aesthetic content of index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN-AC),perception of occlusion scale (POS),and positive affect and negative affect scale (PANAS).Mann-Whitney U-test,Kruskal-Walis H-test,and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the relation between impact of dental aesthetics and positive and negative affects in orthodontic patients.Results The scores of adolescent patients were higher than adult patients in negative affect (U =1886.500,P<0.05).The patients under orthodontic treatment scored higher than those before treatment (U=2228.000,P<0.05).The subdomains of PIDAQ,such as social impact (x2=ll.794,P<0.05),aesthetic attitude (x2 =45.853,P<0.05),and dental confidence (x2 =33.551,P<0.05) were related with negative affect.The scores of IOTN-AC,PIDAQ,POS demonstrated positive correlation with negative affect (P<0.05).The scores of social impact showed negative correlation with positive affect (P<0.05).Conclusions Adult orthodontic patients suffer more negative affect than adolescent patients.Orthodontic treatment could promote patients' positive affect.However,the negative psychosocial impact in dental aesthetics would strengthen the negative affect.
4.Implementation of mutual information based medical image registration methods.
Zhiyong GAO ; Bin GU ; Jiarui LIN
Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2003;20(3):476-503
Image registration methods based on mutual information, including mutual information and normalized mutual information, have been accepted as the most accurate and efficient methods. But there are many fluctuations in the registration functions that hinder the optimization procedure and lead to registration failure in intra-modal registration. We found that besides the interpolation artifacts, the uncertainty of the changing of entropy with the changing of overlap also contributes to the fluctuations. The effect of interpolation artifacts can be eliminated, but it is difficult to eliminate the effect of uncertainty of entropy. Luckily, this effect is not significant in normalized mutual information. Normalized mutual information is more stable and robust than standard mutual information and its better performance and wider application can be expected.
Algorithms
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Diagnostic Imaging
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Humans
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Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
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methods
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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methods
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Medical Informatics
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methods
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Registries
5.Adaptive restoration of single ion channel signal under filtering and colored background noise.
Xiaodong HAN ; Xinwei HAN ; Xiangming LIU ; Jiarui LIN
Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2002;19(3):444-448
In order to overcome the effects of the anti-aliasing filter and the colored background noise, an adaptive algorithm is proposed to estimate the parameters of ion channel kinetics and the background noise, and whereafter the ion channel signal could be restored from the strong noisy patch-clamp recordings. The algorithm cross-couples the recursive expectation-maximization algorithm, which estimates optimally the parameters of hidden Markov model, and the recursive extended least square algorithm, which estimates optimally the characteristics of the background noise. Simulation suggests that this cross-coupling algorithm convergences consistently, and is very robust to the inexact conformation number.
Algorithms
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Ion Channels
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physiology
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Least-Squares Analysis
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Likelihood Functions
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Models, Theoretical
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Noise
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Patch-Clamp Techniques
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methods
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Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
6.The computer simulation of magnetic resonance imaging.
Lirnog LIU ; Zhiqiao WU ; Jiarui LIN
Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2002;19(4):611-615
Based on the Bloch equation, we can describe the working principle of the magnetic resonance imaging system with mathematic model, the inputs are the three templates of appropriate rho, T1 and T2. In this paper, the simulation process is illustrated by spin echo examples of the signal exciting, phase coding, reading-out and image reconstruction. The satisfactory results show that this method can be widely used in simulation researches.
Algorithms
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Computer Simulation
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
7.Adaptive filter method of enhancing ventricular late potential signals.
Shuicai WU ; Jiarui LIN ; Dongyun DENG
Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2003;20(2):299-301
This paper introduces an adaptive filter method for enhancing ventricular late potentials. The adaptive filter has only one signal electrode and does not need the reference electrode. The experiment results show that this adaptive filter method can effectively improve signal-to-noise ratio of ventricular late potentials.
Action Potentials
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Algorithms
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Computer Simulation
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Electrocardiography
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Humans
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Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
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instrumentation
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Ventricular Function
8.Data reconstruction algorithm on echo-planar magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging.
Min HUANG ; Songtao LU ; Jiarui LIN
Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2005;22(4):658-662
When a conventional phase-encoding magnetic resonance spectrascopic imaging(MRSI) method is in use, the data acquisition is very time consuming and thus it is not well accepted in clinical settings. Echo planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) technology has been applied for rapid acquisition of MRSI data. It significantly reduces scan time by simultaneously encoding the spectral dimension and the spatial dimension. Reconstruction of EPSI data is sophisticated. For the t-dimension, data are non-uniformly sampled. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is applied in odd echoes and even echoes respectively and then shift method is used to combine them together. For the kx dimension, the data are unevenly sampled and have to be interpolated onto a Cartesian grid before FFT is applied. For the phase-encoding dimension (ky), the Fourier transform can be readily done with FFT since the data are evenly spaced.
Algorithms
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Echo-Planar Imaging
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methods
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Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
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methods
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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methods
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Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
9.Advance of fast magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging.
Kai XU ; Yongxian QIAN ; Jiarui LIN ; Deqin JIN
Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2004;21(4):681-685
The required time of conventional magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging technique is too long to be applied to clinic. It is necessary to develop the fast methods for magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. Nowadays there are 7 kinds of methods presented, which come from MRI techniques. In this contribution the conventional spectroscopic imaging and 7 sorts of fast spectroscopic imaging are elaborated. It is envisaged that more rapid imaging techniques will be designed, if these arbitrary trajectory reconstruction methods in MRI are applied to spectroscopic imaging.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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methods
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trends
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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methods
10.Advances in research on ion-channel gating mechanism.
Tonghan LAN ; Xiang ming LIU ; Zheng GU ; Jiarui LIN ; Zhiwang LI
Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2002;19(2):344-347
The history and current situation of cell membrane ion-channel gating mechanism study were reviewed, with an emphasis on the application and the latest developments of kinetic model in gating mechanism study; the problems in present study and ion-channel gating mechanism kinetics model for future investigations were finally discussed.
Cell Membrane
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physiology
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Humans
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Ion Channel Gating
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Kinetics
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Models, Biological
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Research
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trends