OBJECTIVE To investigate the quinolone-resistance mechanisms of multi-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(MDRKP).METHODS Seven kinds of chromosome and plasmid mediated quinolone-resistance genes were analyzed by PCR and verified by DNA sequencing in 25 strains of MDRKP.RESULTS In 25 strains of MDRKP,the positive rate of genes of gyrA,aac(6′)-Ⅰb-Cr,qnrA1,qnrB4-like,qnrS1,mdfA,and qepA were 76.0%,36.0%,8.0%,8.0%,12.0%,100.0%,and 0,respectively.CONCLUSIONS The mutation of gyrA gene is the main cause of the resistance of quinolone in the 25 strains of MDRKP.

Objective To analyze the composing experience of Menghe physician Ma Peizhi for cough by TCM inheritance support system. Methods The prescriptions for cough of Ma Peizhi were collected, frequency and association of drugs were analyzed by using data mining methods such as revised mutual information, complex system entropy cluster and unsupervised hierarchical cluster. Results Based on the analysis of 57 prescriptions, the frequency of each herb and association rules among the herbs were computed, 18 core combinations and 9 new prescriptions were mined from the database. Conclusion Menghe physicians Ma Peizhi is well experienced in expelling wind and opening the inhibited lung, dissolving phlegm and relieving cough. TCM inheritance support system can be used to analyze clinical experience of old TCM doctor.

There are eight forms of vitamin E in human blood, including α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocopherols and α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocotrienols. As the most abundant and active form of vitamin E, α-tocopherol is widely accepted as a reliable indicator for nutritional assessment of body vitamin E status across the world. Considering that different vitamin E forms have diverse biological activities, separation and detection of different vitamin E forms in human blood facilitates the understanding of the association between vitamin E and diseases. In this review, the advances in sample-pretreatment techniques and detection techniques for vitamin E in human blood were presented. Currently, the sample-pretreatment techniques include solid-phase extraction, liquid-liquid extraction, dispersive liquid-phase microextraction, supported liquid extraction and direct protein precipitation; the detection techniques include automatic biochemical analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography and ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography mass spectrometry. This review summarizes the characteristics and scope of above-mentioned techniques used for detection of vitamin E in human blood, so as to provide insights into the selection of an appropriate method for inspection technicians.

Objeetive To analyze the experiences for impediment syndrome of Ma Peizhi of Menghe Medical Genre by using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) inheritance support system.Method The prescriptions for impediment syndrome of Ma Peizhi were collected and inputted to TCM inheritance support system,from which we can get the frequency of drug usage and the relationship between drugs based on the association rules and clustering algorithm.Results In the 61 prescriptions,the drugs that used most frequently were Chinese Angelica,Largeleaf Gentian Root,and Twotoothed Aehyranthes Root,and the drug combinations that used most frequently were Largeleaf Gentian Root-Chinese Angelica,Chinese Angelica-Largeleaf Gentian Root,Chinese Angelica-Mulberry Twig.And there were also 26 core combinations and 13 new prescriptions mined from the database.Conclusion Ma Peizhi of Menghe Medical Genre was well experienced impediment syndrome by dispelling wind and removing dampness,and promoting blood circulation by removing blood stasis,from which we can make a conclusion that TCM inheritance support system can be used to analyze the doctors' clinical experiences.

Objective To analyze the principle of the drug use ofMenghe PhysiciansMa-Peizhi by using the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)inheritance support system.Methods The prescriptions for the commonly encountered diseases that used byMa-Peizhi were collected to build a database, and analyze by the unsupervised data mining methods, such as apriori algorithm, entropy clustering complex systems, from which we could get the frequency of the drugs, the association rules between drugs, the core drug combinations, and so on.Results Based on the analysis of 745 prescriptions, the most frequently used drugs were tuckahoe, chiretta, paenoiae alba, dried orangepeel and dioscoreae. The core drug combinations were “radix rehmanniae recen- salivia chinensis-ophiopogon root”, “teasel root-viscum album-achyranthes”, “menispermaceae-heracleum hemsleyanum michaux-gentiana macrophylla”, and “mulberry leaf-periostracum cicadae-the root of balloon flower”. The new prescriptions were “mulberry leaf-viter rotundifolia-batryticated silkworm-periostracum cicadae-the root of balloon flower”, “teasel root-viscum album- achyranthes- ramulus mori- periplocae”, and so on.ConclusionMenghe PhysiciansMa-Peizhi was well experienced in treating the commonly encountered diseases by agile diagnosis and treatment, and addition or subtraction of changes based on the classical prescriptions.

Objective:To investigate whether idebenone can improve behavioral disorders in mice with Parkinson disease (PD) by increasing PHB2 mediated mitophagy.Methods:In the first small experiment, thirty mice were randomly divided into normal control group, model group and treatment group according to the random number table method, with 10 animals in each group.The aim of this study was to observe the effect of idebenone on the behavior of Parkinson disease model mice. In the second experiment, 20 mice were randomly divided into blank control group, MPTP group, shRNA-PHB2 group and shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP group, with 5 mice in each group. The changes of tyrosine dehydrogenase (TH) in brain tissue were detected by immunofluorescence assay. In the third experiment, 30 mice were randomly divided into blank control group, shRNA-PHB2 group, MPTP+ idebenone group, shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP group, shRNA-PHB2+ idebenone group and shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP+ idebenone group, with 5 animals in each group. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of idebenone on mitochondrial autophagy in mouse brain.C57BL-6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with MPTP to establish the animal model of chronic PD. Then 200 mg / kg idebenone was given by gavage for 21 days. And the expression of PHB2 in brain was inhibited by microinjection of adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) shRNA inhibin 2(PHB2) into lateral ventricle. The behavioral changes of the PD mice were detected by Morris water maze, and the changes of tyrosine dehydrogenase (TH) induced by inhibiting PHB2 were detected by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression of LC3 and PHB2 in substantia nigra of midbrain was detected by Western blot.The data were analyzed by GraphPad 7.0 and SPSS 22.0.Results:(1) In the water maze test data of the first small experiment, the repeated measurement ANOVA showed that the group-time interaction effects of latency of mice from 1 to 7 days were significant ( Ftime×group=20.51, P<0.05). Simple effect analysis showed that on the 5th, 6th and 7th day, the incubation period of the treatment group was significantly shortened (all P<0.05). Univariate analysis of variance showed that on the 7th day of the test, the differences between the control group and the model group, the model group and the treatment group, the control group and the treatment group were all statistically significant( t=-49.95, -21.81, 28.14; all P<0.01). In the third small experiment, repeated measurement analysis of variance showed that the interaction between time and group was significant ( Ftime×group=42.11, P<0.01). Simple effect analysis showed that compared with MPTP+ idebenone group, the latency of shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP+ idebenone group was significantly prolonged (all P<0.05). There were no significant difference between shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP+ idebenone group and shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP group except the 4th day ( P<0.05). On the 7th day, compared with MPTP+ idebenone group, the residence time of shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP+ idebenone group was significantly increased ( t=-34.36, P<0.001), but there was no significant difference between shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP group and shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP+ idebenone group ( t=2.94, P>0.05). (2)The results of immunofluorescence experiment showed that the relative expression of TH in the control group, model group, shRNA-PHB2 group and shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP group were (41.03±3.01), (24.20±4.18), (38.39±3.31) and (13.12±2.65), respectively. Compared with the control group, the expression of TH in the midbrain of the MPTP group was significantly down-regulated, the difference was statistically significant( t=7.98, P<0.01). Compared with the MPTP group, the expression of TH in shRNA-PHB2 group was down regulated ( t=-6.73, P<0.05). (3) Western blot results showed that the relative expression of LC3 in midbrain tissue of control group, shRNA-PHB2 group, MPTP+ idebenone group, shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP group, shRNA-PHB2+ idebenone group and shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP+ idebenone group were (0.86±0.07), (0.77±0.08), (0.42±0.05), (0.21±0.05), (0.66±0.09) and (0.27±0.07). The relative expression of PHB2 were (1.13±0.14), (0.56±0.11), (1.08±0.14), (0.27±0.07), (0.68±0.14) and (0.24±0.10). Compared with MPTP+ idebenone group, the relative expression of LC3 and PHB2 in shRNA-PHB2+ MPTP+ idebenone group was significantly decreased ( F=1.96, P<0.01). Conclusion:Idebenone can increase the level of mitophagy in PD mice through PHB2, thus improving the behavioral disorder.

When a conventional phase-encoding magnetic resonance spectrascopic imaging(MRSI) method is in use, the data acquisition is very time consuming and thus it is not well accepted in clinical settings. Echo planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) technology has been applied for rapid acquisition of MRSI data. It significantly reduces scan time by simultaneously encoding the spectral dimension and the spatial dimension. Reconstruction of EPSI data is sophisticated. For the t-dimension, data are non-uniformly sampled. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is applied in odd echoes and even echoes respectively and then shift method is used to combine them together. For the kx dimension, the data are unevenly sampled and have to be interpolated onto a Cartesian grid before FFT is applied. For the phase-encoding dimension (ky), the Fourier transform can be readily done with FFT since the data are evenly spaced.
Algorithms ; Echo-Planar Imaging ; methods ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; methods ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (oxaliplatin +capecitabine,XELOX) for the resectable locally advanced adenocarcinoma of esophageal-gastric junction (AEG).Methods The prospective study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 106 locally advanced AEG patients who were admitted to the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from January 2011 to December 2014 were collected.All the patients were divided into the treatment group and control group by single blind,randomized,controlled random number table.Patients underwent preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy (XELOX) + surgery + postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (XELOX) in the treatment group and surgery + postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (XELOX) in the control group.Total gastrectomy + Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy + D2 lymphadenectomy were applied to patients by the same team of doctors.Observation indicators:(1) treatment situations;(2) results of postoperative pathological examination;(3) follow-up and survival situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination was performed to detect the postoperative tumor recurrence or metastasis and patients' survival up to February 2017.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (-x)±s,and comparisons between groups were evaluated with the t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range) and analyzed by the nonparametric test.Comparisons of count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.The ordinal data were compared using the nonparametric test.Survival rate and curve were respectively calculated and drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method and survivals were compared using the Long-rank method.Results One hundred and six patients were screened for eligibility,including 54 in the treatment group and 52 in the control group.(1) Treatment situations:① preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy:54 in the treatment group received 2-4 cycle neoadjuvant chemotherapy.During the chemotherapy,gastrointestinal reaction,grade 1-2 granulocytopenia,elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) and grade 3 granulocytopenia were detected in 21,17,8,1 patients,and 7 patients had no adverse reaction.The complete response(CR),partial response (PR),stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment group were detected in 4,27,20 and 3 patients,respectively.Of 54 patients in the treatment group,4,13,25 and 12 were in grade 0,1,2 and 3 of response to preoperative chemotherapy,respectively.② Surgical situations:preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the treatment and control groups were respectively 4.71 μg/L (range,0.20-36.19 μg/L) and 14.09 μg/L (range,0.71-178.20 μg/L),with a statistically significant difference between groups (Z =-1.92,P＜ 0.05).All patients underwent total gastrectomy + Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy + D2 lymphadenectomy.Operation time in the treatment and control groups were respectively (210± 31) minutes and (195 ±26) minutes,with a statistically significant difference between groups (t =-2.45,P ＜ 0.05).Volume of intraoperative blood loss,cases with intraoperative blood transfusion,time to postoperative anal exsufflation,time to defecation,time for initial diet intake,cases with postoperative complications and duration of hospital stay were respectively (216± 172) mL,6,(4.3± 1.0) days,(4.5±0.8)days,(3.1±0.5)days,11,(15.0±5.0)days in the treatment group and (174±108)mL,4,(4.2± 1.0) days,(4.4± 0.8) days,(3.1 ± 0.5) days,15,(15.0± 5.0) days,with no statistically significant difference between groups (t=-1.01,x2 =0.36,t=-0.31,-0.88,-0.36,x2 =1.03,t=-0.38,P＞0.05).③Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy:all the patients completed the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.The granulocytopenia,elevated ALT and gastrointestinal reaction occurred in 25,5,28 patients in the treatment group and 21,7,30 patients in the control group,respectively,with no statistically significant difference between groups (x2 =0.38,0.47,0.36,P＞0.05).Some of the patients were merged with multiple adverse reactions.(2) Results of postoperative pathological examination:maximum tumor dimension,cases with lymphovascular invasion,perineural invasion,T0,T2,T3,T4 (T stage),stage 0,Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ1 (TNM stage) were respectively (3.6±1.4)cm,5,10,4,10,20,20,4,7,15,28 in the treatment group and (4.5±1.7)cm,24,30,0,2,13,37,0,1,12,39 in the control group,with statistically significant differences between groups (t=-2.88,x2 =18.14,17.30,Z=14.74,8.13,P＜0.05).(3) Follow-up and survival situations:of 54 patients in the treatment group,52 were followed up for 4-72 months,with a median time of 32 months;of 52 patients in the control group,49 were followed up for 5-71 months,with a median time of 36 months.The postoperative diseasefree survival time,1-,3-and 5-year tumor-free survival rates,postoperative overall survival time and 1-,3-and 5-year overall survival rates were respectively 26 months (range,3-72 months),79.5％,64.7％,61.3％,27 months (range,5-72 months),88.3％,69.2％ and 62.1％ in the treatment group.Seventeen patients had tumor recurrence,including 2 with intraperitoneal local recurrence and 15 with distant metastasis.The postoperative disease-free survival time,1-,3-and 5-year tumor-free survival rates,postoperative overall survival time and 1-,3-and 5-year overall survival rates were respectively 33 months (range,2-71 months),89.7％,55.4％,55.4％,33 months (range,5-71 months),91.8％,72.1％ and 59.7％ in the control group.Nineteen patients had tumor recurrence,including 8 with intraperitoneal local recurrence and 11 with distant metastasis.There was no statistically significant difference in disease-free survival and overall survival between groups (x2 =0.018,0.596,P＞0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in cases with local recurrence between groups (x2=4.41,P＜ 0.05) The tumor-free survival time and overall survival time in the treatment group were respectively 29 months (range,8-72 months),38 months (range,10-72 months) in 31 patients with CR and PR and 11 months (range,3-68 months),18 months (range,4-68 months) in 23 patients with SD and PD,showing statistically significant differences in tumor-free and overall survival times (x2=5.27,7.72,P＜0.05).Concluslon Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and capecitabine is safe and effective for patients with the resectable locally advanced AEG,it can also decrease tumor stage and reduce local recurrence,but fail to demonstrate a survival benefit.

PURPOSE: Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer among women worldwide, and therefore, improved approaches for its early detection are urgently needed. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized as critical regulators in tumorigenesis and possess excellent stability in plasma, this study focused on using miRNAs to develop a method for identifying noninvasive biomarkers. METHODS: To discover critical candidates, differential expression analysis was performed on tissue-originated miRNA profiles of 409 early breast cancer patients and 87 healthy controls from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. We selected candidates from the differentially expressed miRNAs and then evaluated every possible molecular signature formed by the candidates. The best signature was validated in independent serum samples from 113 early breast cancer patients and 47 healthy controls using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The miRNA candidates in our method were revealed to be associated with breast cancer according to previous studies and showed potential as useful biomarkers. When validated in independent serum samples, the area under curve of the final miRNA signature (miR-21-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-99a-5p) was 0.895. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 97.9% and 73.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The present study established a novel and effective method to identify biomarkers for early breast cancer. And the method, is also suitable for other cancer types. Furthermore, a combination of three miRNAs was identified as a prospective biomarker for breast cancer early detection.
Area Under Curve ; Biomarkers ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinogenesis ; Data Mining ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Genome ; Humans ; Methods ; MicroRNAs* ; Plasma ; Prospective Studies ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reverse Transcription ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of antibiotic bone cement combined with delayed lateral supramolleolar perforator fascial flap in the treatment of diabetic foot(DF).Methods:From April 2020 to July 2021, a total of 6 patients with DF were treated with antibiotic bone cement combined with delayed lateral supramolleolar perforator fascial flap. The patients were 5 males and 1 female, aged from 45 to 67 years old with an average of 56.2 years old. The wounds were all located in dorsal foot, 4 in right foot and 2 in the left. The wound area was 2.4 cm×5.0 cm-6.5 cm×10.0 cm. The depth of wound were: 3 cases up to tendon layer, and 3 cases up to metatarsal bone. Two of the wound were complicated with metatarsal osteomyelitis. The wounds at Wagner grade 3 in 4 patients and grade 4 in 2 patients. The flap size was 3.0 cm×6.0 cm-8.0 cm×11.0 cm. All of the wounds were repaired with delayed supramolleolar perforator fascia flap after debridement, application of antibiotic bone cement and fumigation with Sanhuang decoction(a traditional Chinese medicine). The affected limbs were externally fixed with plaster and raised after surgery, and the colour, temperature, tension and capillary reaction of the flaps were closely observed. Stitches were removed 2 weeks after surgery and rehabilitation of the affected limb was performed. Regular follow-up was made postoperatively. The appearance of flaps and the scar of donor and recipient sites were observed. The foot and ankle function were evaluated by the American Orthopaedic Association foot and Ankle Surgery(AOFAS) score scale.Results:Six cases of DF had no recurrence of wound infection. All flaps survived well. The average follow-up time was 6(3-14) months. The postoperative follow-up revealed satisfactory appearance of the flap, only linear scars remained in the donor and recipient sites. The function of foot and ankle recovered well with full weight-bearing and normal walk. AOFAS scores ranged from 81 to 95.Conclusion:It is an effective method to treat DF by applying antibiotic bone cement combined with delayed superior lateral malleolus perforator fascial flap. The operation is simple, safe and can cut down the time of treatment, quickly control the wound infection. It deserves further trials.