Objective: To learn the status and influencing factors of development among infants at ages of 0 to 36 months in Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, so as to provide the reference for promoting healthy development of infants. Methods: Infants at ages of 0-36 months who underwent physical examination in Child Health Clinic of Xiaoshan District Community Health Service Center were selected in 2022. General data of infants and their mothers were collected through questionnaires, and the development status of infants was screened by Age and Stages Questionnaire (third edition). Factors affecting the development status were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 2 519 infants were investigated, including 1 339 males (53.16%) and 1 180 females (46.84%). There were 608 infants with abnormal development of at least one functional area of communication (CM), gross motor (GM), fine motor (FM), problems solving (CG) and personal-social (PS). The abnormal rate was 24.14%, and the abnormal rates of the above functional areas were 9.77%, 6.59%, 7.98%, 6.39% and 9.33%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender (male, OR=1.563, 95%CI: 1.191-2.052), mother's childbearing age (≥35 years, OR=1.411, 95%CI: 1.001-1.988), mother's educational level (lower than junior college, OR=1.460, 95%CI: 1.116-1.912) were factors affecting abnormal development of CM; preterm birth (OR=2.323, 95%CI: 1.315-4.103) was factors affecting abnormal development of GM; gender (male, OR=1.654, 95%CI: 1.225-2.232) was factors affecting abnormal development of FM; gender (male, OR=1.511, 95%CI: 1.086-2.102) and mode of delivery (cesarean section, OR=1.460, 95%CI: 1.060-2.010) were factors affecting abnormal development of CG; gender (male, OR=1.340, 95%CI: 1.019-1.763) and birth weight (low birth weight, OR=1.985, 95%CI: 1.149-3.432) were factors affecting abnormal development of PS. Conclusions The rate of abnormal development among infants at ages of 0 to 36 months in Xiaoshan District is 24.14%. Gender, preterm birth, mode of delivery, birth weight, mother's childbearing age and mother's educational level could affect the development status of infants.

Objective To investigate the effects of alveolar macrophage phagocytosis on prognosis in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by abdominal infection. Methods ARDS patients caused by severe intra-abdominal infection admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin First Central Hospital and Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital from June 2016 to March 2018 were enrolled. The gender, age, acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ) within 24 hours of admission, neutral red phagocytosis and alkaline phosphatase activity of macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the length of ICU stay, total hospitalization time, hospitalization expenses, and prognosis were recorded. According to the prognosis, the patients were divided into death group and survival group, and the parameters were compared between the two groups. Pearson test was used to analyze the correlation between neutral red phagocytosis function of macrophages and alkaline phosphatase activity and other indicators. The prognosis was analyzed by binary Logistic regression combined with neutral red phagocytosis and alkaline phosphatase activity in patients, and the predictive value of both subjects on prognosis was analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Twenty patients were enrolled in the study, with 8 in the death group and 12 in the survival group. Compared with the survival group, the death group was older (years old: 58.50±14.86 vs. 46.67±13.40), APACHEⅡ score was higher (21.50±3.93 vs. 13.58±4.12), neutral red phagocytosis ability and alkaline phosphatase activity of alveolar macrophages were significantly decreased (A value:0.265±0.050 vs. 0.338±0.016; μmol/L: 12.06±1.24 vs. 17.96±3.90), and the length of ICU stay was significantly longer (days: 22.00±14.59 vs. 11.50±3.17), hospitalization cost was significantly increased (10 thousand Yuan:24.17±11.02 vs. 13.44±3.53), the total hospitalization time was shorter (days: 25.25±15.01 vs. 35.67±8.58), and the difference was statistically significant (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in gender between the survival group and the death group [male (case): 8 vs. 6, P > 0.05]. The neutral red phagocytosis ability of alveolar macrophages in ARDS patients caused by abdominal infection was negatively correlated with age, APACHEⅡ score and the length of ICU stay (r value was -0.328, -0.572, -0.809, respectively, all P < 0.05); alkaline phosphatase activity was negatively correlated with age, APACHEⅡ score, the length of ICU stay and hospitalization expenses (r value was -0.334, -0.583,-0.470, -0.517, respectively, all P < 0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that neutral red phagocytosis [odds ratio (OR) = 0.596, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.212-0.997] and alkaline phosphatase activity (OR = 0.573, 95%CI = 0.339-0.968) were the influencing factors of prognosis (both P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of neutral red phagocytosis ability for prognosis of ARDS patients caused by abdominal infection was 0.948, and the sensitivity and specificity were 91.7% and 87.5% when the off-cut value was 0.317. The AUC of alkaline phosphatase for the prognosis of ARDS patients caused by abdominal infection was 0.813; when the cut-off value was 19.72 μmol/L, the sensitivity was 75.0%, and the specificity was 87.5%. Conclusion The alveolar macrophage phagocytosis dysfunction in ARDS patients caused by severe abdominal infection was not only related to the severity of the disease, but also increased the medical burden of patients, and significantly affected the mortality of such patients.

Cancer stands as one of the predominant causes of mortality globally, necessitating ongoing efforts to develop innovative therapeutics. Historically, natural products have been foundational in the quest for anticancer agents. Bulbocodin D (BD) and Bulbocodin C (BC), two bibenzyls derived from Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch.) Rolfe, have demonstrated notable in vitro anticancer activity. In human lung cancer A549 cells, the IC_50s for BD and BC were 11.63 and 11.71 μmol·L^-1, respectively. BD triggered apoptosis, as evidenced by an upsurge in Annexin V-positive cells and elevated protein expression of cleaved-PARP in cancer cells. Furthermore, BD and BC markedly inhibited the migratory and invasive potentials of A549 cells. The altered genes identified through RNA-sequencing analysis were integrated into the CMap dataset, suggesting BD's role as a potential signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor. SwissDock and MOE analyses further revealed that both BD and BC exhibited a commendable binding affinity with STAT3. Additionally, a surface plasmon resonance assay confirmed the direct binding affinity between these compounds and STAT3. Notably, treatment with either BD or BC led to a significant reduction in p-STAT3 (Tyr 705) protein levels, regardless of interleukin-6 stimulation in A549 cells. In addition, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was activated after BD or BC treatment. An enhancement in cancer cell mortality was observed upon combined treatment of BD and U0126, the MEK1/2 inhibitor. In conclusion, BD and BC emerge as promising novel STAT3 inhibitors with potential implications in cancer therapy.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism* ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism* ; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry* ; A549 Cells ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation