PURPOSE: . To compare the sagittal condylar inclination (SCI) in dentate individuals measured by the different methods with mechanical articulator (MA), virtual articulator (VA), and a jaw tracking device (JTD) system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: . A total of 22 healthy dentate participants were enrolled in this study. For MA workflow, the SCI was obtained by a semi-adjustable articulator with protrusive interocclusal records. The SCI was also set on a VA by aligning intraoral scan (IOS) with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and facial scan (FS), respectively. These virtual workflows were conducted in a dental design software, namely VAIOS-CBCT and VAIOS-FS . Meanwhile, a JTD system was also utilized to perform the measurement. Intraclass correlation was used to assess the repeatability within workflows. The bilateral SCI values were compared by Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test for each workflow, and Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc p-value Bonferroni correction were used to compare the differences among four workflows. The agreement of VAIOS-CBCT , VAIOS-FS , and JTD compared with MA was evaluated by Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: . Intraclass correlation of the SCI revealed a high degree of repeatability for each workflow. There were no significant differences between the left and right sides (P > .05), except for VAIOS-CBCT (P = .028). Significant differences were not found between MA and VAIOS-FS (P > .05). Bland-Altman plots indicated VAIOS-CBCT , VAIOS-FS , and JTD were considered to substitute MA with high 95% limits of agreement. CONCLUSION . The workflow of VAIOS-FS provided an alternative approach to measure the SCI compared with MA.

Objective To investigate the effects of alveolar macrophage phagocytosis on prognosis in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by abdominal infection. Methods ARDS patients caused by severe intra-abdominal infection admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin First Central Hospital and Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital from June 2016 to March 2018 were enrolled. The gender, age, acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ) within 24 hours of admission, neutral red phagocytosis and alkaline phosphatase activity of macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the length of ICU stay, total hospitalization time, hospitalization expenses, and prognosis were recorded. According to the prognosis, the patients were divided into death group and survival group, and the parameters were compared between the two groups. Pearson test was used to analyze the correlation between neutral red phagocytosis function of macrophages and alkaline phosphatase activity and other indicators. The prognosis was analyzed by binary Logistic regression combined with neutral red phagocytosis and alkaline phosphatase activity in patients, and the predictive value of both subjects on prognosis was analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Twenty patients were enrolled in the study, with 8 in the death group and 12 in the survival group. Compared with the survival group, the death group was older (years old: 58.50±14.86 vs. 46.67±13.40), APACHEⅡ score was higher (21.50±3.93 vs. 13.58±4.12), neutral red phagocytosis ability and alkaline phosphatase activity of alveolar macrophages were significantly decreased (A value:0.265±0.050 vs. 0.338±0.016; μmol/L: 12.06±1.24 vs. 17.96±3.90), and the length of ICU stay was significantly longer (days: 22.00±14.59 vs. 11.50±3.17), hospitalization cost was significantly increased (10 thousand Yuan:24.17±11.02 vs. 13.44±3.53), the total hospitalization time was shorter (days: 25.25±15.01 vs. 35.67±8.58), and the difference was statistically significant (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in gender between the survival group and the death group [male (case): 8 vs. 6, P > 0.05]. The neutral red phagocytosis ability of alveolar macrophages in ARDS patients caused by abdominal infection was negatively correlated with age, APACHEⅡ score and the length of ICU stay (r value was -0.328, -0.572, -0.809, respectively, all P < 0.05); alkaline phosphatase activity was negatively correlated with age, APACHEⅡ score, the length of ICU stay and hospitalization expenses (r value was -0.334, -0.583,-0.470, -0.517, respectively, all P < 0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that neutral red phagocytosis [odds ratio (OR) = 0.596, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.212-0.997] and alkaline phosphatase activity (OR = 0.573, 95%CI = 0.339-0.968) were the influencing factors of prognosis (both P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of neutral red phagocytosis ability for prognosis of ARDS patients caused by abdominal infection was 0.948, and the sensitivity and specificity were 91.7% and 87.5% when the off-cut value was 0.317. The AUC of alkaline phosphatase for the prognosis of ARDS patients caused by abdominal infection was 0.813; when the cut-off value was 19.72 μmol/L, the sensitivity was 75.0%, and the specificity was 87.5%. Conclusion The alveolar macrophage phagocytosis dysfunction in ARDS patients caused by severe abdominal infection was not only related to the severity of the disease, but also increased the medical burden of patients, and significantly affected the mortality of such patients.

PURPOSE: . The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess whether scanning strategies of virtual interocclusal record (VIR) affect the accuracy of VIR during intraoral scanning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: . Five pairs of reference cubes were added to the digital upper and lower dentitions of a volunteer, which were printed into resin casts. Subsequently, the resin casts were articulated in the maximal intercuspal position in a mechanical articulator and scanned with an industrial computed tomography system, of which the VIR was served as a reference VIR. The investigated VIR of the upper and lower jaws of the resin master cast were recorded with an intraoral scanner according to 9 designed scanning strategies.Then, the deviation between the investigated VIRs and reference VIR were analyzed, which were measured by the deviation of the distances of six selected reference points on the upper reference cubes in each digital cast to the XY-plane between the investigated VIRs and reference VIR. RESULTS: . For the deviation in the right posterior dentitions, RP group (only scanning of right posterior dentitions) showed the smallest deviation. Besides, BP group (scanning of bilateral posterior dentitions) showed the smallest deviation in the left posterior dentitions. Moreover, LP group (scanning of left posterior dentitions) showed the smallest deviation in the anterior dentitions. For the deviation of full dental arches, BP group showed the smallest deviation. CONCLUSION . Different scanning strategies of VIR can influence the accuracy of alignment of virtual dental casts. Appropriate scanning strategies of VIR should be selected for different regions of interest and edentulous situations.

Antioxidants are important substances in the body against oxidative stress,which can main-tain the balance of redox substances by reducing the content of reactive oxygen species in cells. Studies have shown that new antioxidants have significant inhibitory effects on the growth of urological neoplasms by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation,inducing apoptosis,disturbing angiogenesis and metastasis of tumor cells. Antioxidants are of great value in the prevention and treatment of urinary system tumors and are expected to become new anti-tumor drugs.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of curved suspension laryngoscope assistant transoral surgery (CLATOS) in the examination of hypopharynx, and diagnosis and surgery of early hypopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods:Thirty-four patients who underwent detailed examination for lower part of hypopharynx and surgery for early hypopharyngeal carcinoma with CLATOS technique in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2019 to January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The age ranged from 42 to 74 years old including 28 males and 6 females. Among them, 25 patients complaining of foreign body sensation in the pharynx for more than half a year with a poor exposure of the lower pharynx in the examination with flexible laryngoscope in the outpatient department were admitted to the hospital for the further examination with rigid curved laryngoscopy and 9 patients with stage T1-2 hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were operated with CLATOS technique. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data were analized.Results:One case of squamous cell carcinoma in esophageal entrance (T1N0M0) and one case of carcinoma in pyriform sinus (T1N0M0) with cervical esophageal carcinoma (T1N0M0) were found in the 25 patients with foreign body sensation in the pharynx. En bloc resection of cancer was obtained in 9 patients with stage T1-2 hypopharyngeal carcinomas and 2 of them underwent tracheotomy. One patient with T1 retrocricoid carcinoma was found to have a carcinoma in situ at the lower part of posterior hypopharyngeal wall in the examination during follow-up, which was resected simultaneously. Postoperatively this patient developed a stenosis in the esophageal entrance, which was dilated twice until swallowing normally. Two patients of T2N0M0 and one of T2N1M0 underwent bilateral neck lymph node dissection just after the removal of primary tumors. During follow-up, none of the 9 patients showed tumor recurrence and complications such as dysphonia and dyspnea.Conclusion:CLATOS technique can provide a promising way in the examination of hypopharynx and the detection of early lesions of hypopharynx and esophageal entrance, and this technique has also the advantages such as full visual angle and easy operation for the resection of early hypopharyngeal carcinoma. The quality of life of patients can be improved while the tumor is removed en bloc with this technique.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the effects of virtual adjustment on occlusal interferences in mandibular posterior single crown and three-unit bridge restorations by using the mandibular movement track and the movement parameters of a virtual articulator. METHODS: Twenty-two participants were recruited. Digital casts of the maxillary and mandibular arches were obtained using an intraoral scanner, and the jaw registration system was used to record the data of the mandibular movement track and the movement parameters of the articulator. Four kinds of restorations with 0.3 mm occlusal interferences were designed with dental design software. In particular, single crowns were designed for teeth 44 and 46, whereas three-unit bridges were designed for teeth 44-46 and 45-47, and the corresponding natural teeth were virtually extracted. Virtual adjustment of the restorations was performed using two dynamic occlusal recordings, namely, the mandibular movement track and the movement parameters of the virtual articulator. A reverse-engineering software was used to measure the root-mean-square of the three-dimensional deviation of the occlusal surfaces between natural teeth and the adjusted restorations. The differences between the two methods of virtual-occlusion adjustment were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: For the same group of restorations, the three-dimensional deviation of the mandibular movement track group were lower than those of the virtual articulator group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). For the four groups of restorations adjusted by the same method, the three-dimensional deviation of the 46-tooth single crown was the largest and the smallest three-dimensional deviation was that of the 44-tooth single crown. Statistical differences existed between the 44-tooth single crown and the other groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS For the occlusal design of posterior single crown and three-unit bridge, the mandibular movement track could be a more effective approach to virtual occlusal adjustment than the movement parameters of the virtual articulator.
Humans ; Mouth, Edentulous ; Occlusal Adjustment ; Jaw Relation Record ; Dental Articulators ; Software