Objective To investigate the application of B -Learning mode in the teaching of department of burns surgery.Methods 234 students were divided into two parts by digital table method randomly.The experimental group was applied by the means of B -learning mode,while the control group was taught by the traditional way.And the results were evaluated.Results The basic theory scores(75.39 ±12.04)points in the students of experimental group were higher than those of the control group(68.27 ±12.38)points.The practice scores(76.42 ±11.89)points in the students of experimental group were higher than those of the control group(65.36 ±12.05)points.Students'professional knowledge scores(79.92 ±12.85)points in the experimental group were higher than those of the control group(71.56 ±13.01)points.Both percentage and score were higher in the experimental group than in the control group in comprehensive ability.Conclusion Blending learning gives students a potential time,environment and recourse to learn.By integrating learning ability and nursing skills improved,B -learning mode plays an important role in improving the quality of burn department internship.

Streptococcal superantigens play an important role in many human diseases.In this paper,we mainly discuss the progress in the researches on streptococcal superantigens in such aspects as their structures,biological and pathophysiological properties,expression regulation,and their significance in the management of tumors.

Objective To investigate the ultrasonic and pathological features of porcine striped muscle injury from thermal and chemical factors respectively, and to analyze the limitation of ultrasound diagnosis given by doctors with different skill levels. Methods An experimental study using fresh porcine striped muscle in vitro was designed, where the injury were caused by microwave ablation (2 450 MHz) and Anhydrous acetic acid (99.8%) injection separately. Blind to pathologic results, the two-dimensiona sonograms taken from each model were analyzed by sonographers with different skill levels independently. Finally, the diagnoses were evaluated and compared among them. Results Two-dimensional sonograms showed distinct changes of the textures in both injury models, which was characterized as the disappearance of regular tissue structure. However, the corresponding histopathology revealed obvious differences between the two interventions on ultrasonograms. There was no statistical difference between chief physician and attending doctor (both of them had over 5-year experiences on skeletal muscle ultrasound ) in identifying the ultrasonic features of boundary, shape and muscle texture (Kappa=0.933, 0.845, 0.789;Kappa=0.790, 0.935, 0.865, all P<0.05). Compared with residents′diagnosis, there were signiifcant differences in identifying the ultrasonic features of echo level and muscle texture in both injury models:Echo level in thermal injury group:chief physician vs residents, Kappa=0.323;attending doctor vs residents, Kappa=0.297. Texture feature in thermal injury group:chief physician vs residents, Kappa=0.259;attending doctor vs residents, Kappa=0.112. Texture feature in chemical injury group:chief physician vsresidents, Kappa=0.253;attending doctor vs residents, Kappa=0.070. Conclusions Microwave ablation and Anhydrous acetic acid can cause different histopathologic changes in correspondence with various features on two-dimensional sonograms. But ultrasonographers with different skill levels leads to signiifcant variations in identiifcation and qualitative diagnosis, which is impossible to be quantitatively analyzed. Chief physician and attending doctor can draw a consistent conclusion and demonstrate the ultrasounic characteristics in porcine striped muscle injury model from thermal or chemical factors.

Objective: To construct a phage display library of human single-chain Fv antibodies against blood group Rh(D) substance. Methods: Combining phage display library techniques, isolated total RNA from B lymphoblastoid cell lines secreting anti-Rh(D) antibodies was used for the synthesis of the first strand of cDNA, V_ H and V_ L genes were amplified by 2nd PCR and linked together by splicing overlap extension (SOE) with the use of a (Gly_ 4Ser)_ 3 linker. The resulted scFv genes were then cloned into pCANTAB5E vectors and displayed on the phage. Phage clones were selected using intact red cells as a source of antigen. After 4 rounds of "binding-elution-enrichment", each clone was assayed for specificity by Dot ELISA. Results: A phage antibody library, with the sink size being 1.2?107, was obtained. The percentage of full-length scFv gene inserted into phage DNA was 0.80. Rescued by helper phage, a phage scFv library with titer of 3?108 pfu/ml was established. Specific phages with scFv were acquired after 4 rounds of panning, one clone exhibiting specific binding to Rh+ cell was identified by Dot ELISA. Conclusion: A strategy for construction phage antibody library by means of phage display technique was practicable, which would be useful in screening engineered antibodies against human Rh (D) blood group substances.

Objective: To develop Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)-transformed human peripheral blood B cell lines from healthy volunteers of type B.Methods: B lymphocytes from healthy volunteers of type B capable of producing anti-A antibodies were transformed by EBV,while Cyclosporine A(CsA),as an immunosuppressive agent that could selectively inhibit T-lymphocytes and protect B-lymphocytes from regression,was used in the experiment.Then,the supernanant of the cell culture medium was tested with red blood cells of type A,B and O by agglutinin assay.Results: Twelve of the15 EBV-transformed B lymphocyte cell lines were established,with a success rate of 80%,while 9 human B lymphocyte lines secreted anti-A antibodies.Conclusion: Human B lymphocyte lines secreting antibodies to A antigens were successfully developed,which helps further studies of human blood specific monoclonal antibodies.

Lysophosphatidylcholines belong to a group of lipid components which have a variety of physiological functions. LPCs are known to be linked to metabolic disorders and cardio-vascular diseases,including diabetes,atherosclerosis and dyslip-idemia.LPCs are actively metabolized in liver,which is closely related with liver diseases and hepatotoxicity.The role of LPCs in liver diseases and hepatotoxicities has been extensively investi-gated recently.This review focuses on lysophosphatidylcholines as a biomarker for liver diseases,such as hepatic carcinoma, cholestasis,cirrhosis,hepatitis,and chemical hepatotoxicities, trying to lay a basis for investigation and therapeutics of liver dis-eases.

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the relationship between the beta-fibrinogen gene -455A/G polymorphism and plasma fibrinogen level and to determine the influence of the mutation on ischemic stroke.

METHODSNinety-one patients (63.5 +/- 10.1 years) with ischemic stroke and 74 elderly control subjects (60.6 +/- 10.8 years) without any thromboembolic events and 98 healthy blood donators as young control (37.5 +/- 13.3 years) were enrolled in this trial. The beta-fibrinogen gene -455A/G polymorphism was analyzed for all subjects by PCR-RFLP with the restrictive enzyme Hae III, while plasma fibrinogen levels were obtained from the prothrombin time (PT) assay. For statistical analysis, the parameters were compared between any two different groups by the unpaired Student's t test and the Chi-square test. Before analysis, log transformations for concentrations of fibrinogen were carried out.

RESULTSH2 allele frequency was higher in male ischemic stroke patients than in the elderly control (22.7% vs 7.1%, chi(2) = 5.56, P < 0.02). There was no significant difference between the female groups. In those patients without any thromboembolic events (both elderly and young control groups), the frequency of H2 decreased with age (< or = 40, 21.3%; 41 - 59, 15.4%; and > or = 60, 10.2%). In the male elderly and young control groups, the level of plasma fibrinogen was lower in the H1H1 genotype (287 +/- 96 mg/dl and 234 +/- 58 mg/dl) than in H1H2 and H2H2 (331 +/- 44 mg/dl and 307 +/- 55 mg/dl; t = 2.53 and 9.67, P < 0.05). In the female elderly groups, this tendency was not found.

CONCLUSIONPlasma fibrinogen expression is affected by the beta-fibrinogen gene -455A/G polymorphism, and the H2 allele may be a risk factor for ischemic stroke in Chinese males.

Aged ; Alleles ; Brain Ischemia ; blood ; genetics ; China ; DNA ; genetics ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Stroke ; blood ; genetics

Objective:To evaluate the service capacity of township hospitals in the counties freed from poverty in Hubei province, for reference in improving their service capacity.Methods:An evaluation index system was constructed based on literature analysis. The service ability of such hospitals was comprehensively evaluated by both entropy weight-TOPSIS and rank-sum ratio method based on the 2022 performance evaluation data of township hospitals of Hubei Health Commission.Results:The evaluation index system of service capacity of township hospitals was constructed, using basic medical service, public health service, health resources and service efficiency as first-level indexes and 11 second-level indexes.A total of 299 township hospitals in 32 such counties were finally included in the analysis, and the results of entropy weight-TOPSIS method showed that the first-level indexes of the highest weight coefficient was health resources (0.43), and the second-level index was annual average number of discharged patients and surgeries in each township hospital (0.17). The mean Ci values of township hospitals in the 32 counties freed from poverty in terms of basic medical services, public health services, health resources, service efficiency, and comprehensive service capacity were 0.304, 0.420, 0.329, 0.576, and 0.352, respectively. The results of RSR method showed that 6, 21 and 5 hospitals in such counties were rated as " good, average and poor" in terms of service capacity. Conclusions:The medical service capacity of township hospitals was relatively weak, with a clear gap in their service capacity among such counties. The focus of improving their service capacity should be placed on health resources and surgical operation capacity.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of using procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) to differentiate sepsis from non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

METHODSWe made a prospective study in a general intensive care unit at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Twenty patients with sepsis and 31 patients with non-infectious SIRS were enrolled in this study. Serum concentrations of PCT, IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined within 24 h after clinical onset of sepsis or non-infectious SIRS. Leukocyte count, percentage of neutrophils, and absolute neutrophil count, as well as maximal body temperature were also recorded.

RESULTSSerum concentrations of PCT, IL-6, and CRP, as well as maximal body temperature, were significantly higher in septic patients [3.6 (1.8, 27.5) micro g/L, 810 +/- 516 ng/L, 180 +/- 108 g/L, 38.6 +/- 1.2 degrees C] than non-infectious SIRS patients [0.5 (0.2, 1.8) micro g/L, 235 +/- 177 ng/L, 109 +/- 70 g/L, 37.9 +/- 0.9 degrees C]. IL-6 and PCT exhibited the best discriminative power between sepsis and non-infectious SIRS, with sensitivity above 80% and specificity above 70%. A sepsis score with combination of IL-6 and PCT showed the best discriminative power with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.923.

CONCLUSIONSAssessing IL-6 and PCT levels are more reliable ways to differentiate sepsis from non-infectious SIRS, compared with conventional inflammatory parameters.

Adult ; Aged ; Calcitonin ; blood ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protein Precursors ; blood ; Sepsis ; blood ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ; blood ; diagnosis

Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular protozoan parasite that infects one-third of the world’s population, has been reported to hijack host cell apoptotic machinery and promote either an anti- or proapoptotic program depending on the parasite virulence and load and the host cell type. However, little is known about the regulation of human FHs 74 small intestinal epithelial cell viability in response to T. gondii infection. Here we show that T. gondii RH strain tachyzoite infection or ESP treatment of FHs 74 Int cells induced apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress in host cells. Pretreatment with 4-PBA inhibited the expression or activation of key molecules involved in ER stress. In addition, both T. gondii and ESP challenge-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death were dramatically suppressed in 4-PBA pretreated cells. Our study indicates that T. gondii infection induced ER stress in FHs 74 Int cells, which induced mitochondrial dysfunction followed by apoptosis. This may constitute a potential molecular mechanism responsible for the foodborne parasitic disease caused by T. gondii.