Objective To explore the clinical selection of surgical methods for pure stenosis at the end of the common bile duct.Methods The clinical data of 43 cases of pure stenosis at the end of the common bile duct treated in this hospital from October 2003 to June 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 43 cases, 12 underwent endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST), 9 sphincteroplasty of Oddi, 5 pancreaticoduodenectomy,8 Roux-en-y choledochojejunostomy and 5 choledocoduodenostomy,4 underwent drainage of the T tube after exploration of the biliary passage.Results Among 37 patients did not undergo the radical pancreaticoduodenectomy,6 had space-occupying lesions 5-19 months postoperatively.Five of them received pancreaticoduodenectomy again.Conclusion Pure stenosis at the end of the common bile duct should be carefully managed.

Objective HGF and its receptor ( c-met) are principal mediators of mesenchymal-epithelial interac-tion in several different systems.Moreover, hair follicle is a model of mesenchymal-epithelial interaction.The aim of this study was to explore whether HGF/c-met signal plays a role in the control of hair follicle growth cycle.Methods To ex-amine the localization of HGF/c-met in anagen, catagen and telogen in the hair follicle of ICR mice.Results HGF was mainly located in the dermal papilla and sebaceous gland, and c-Met in the hair matrix, root sheath and epidermis.Both HGF and c-met expressions peaked during anagen, not found in catagen, and increased during telogen-anagen phase.Con-clusions Our results demonstrate a regulatory role of HGF and c-met in the control of hair follicle growth in ICR mice.

This study examined the dynamic characteristics of upper airway collapse at soft palate level in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by using dynamic 3-Dimensional (3-D) CT imaging. A total of 41 male patients who presented with 2 of the following symptoms, i.e., daytime sleepiness and fatigue, frequent snoring, and apnea with witness, were diagnosed as having OSAHS. They underwent full-night polysomnography and then dynamic 3-D CT imaging of the upper airway during quiet breathing and in Muller's maneuver. The soft palate length (SPL), the minimal cross-sectional area of the retropalatal region (mXSA-RP), and the vertical distance from the hard palate to the upper posterior part of the hyoid (hhL) were compared between the two breathing states. These parameters, together with hard palate length (HPL), were also compared between mild/moderate and severe OSAHS groups. Association of these parameters with the severity of OSAHS [as reflected by apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest saturation of blood oxygen (LSaO(2))] was examined. The results showed that 31 patients had severe OSAHS, and 10 mild/moderate OSAHS. All the patients had airway obstruction at soft palate level. mXSA-RP was significantly decreased and SPL remarkably increased during Muller's maneuver as compared with the quiet breathing state. There were no significant differences in these airway parameters (except the position of the hyoid bone) between severe and mild/moderate OSAHS groups. And no significant correlation between these airway parameters and the severity of OSAHS was found. The position of hyoid was lower in the severe OSAHS group than in the mild/moderate OSAHS group. The patients in group with body mass index (BMI)≥26 had higher collapse ratio of mXSA-RP, greater neck circumference and smaller mXSA-RP in the Muller's maneuver than those in group with BMI<26 (P<0.05 for all). It was concluded that dynamic 3-D CT imaging could dynamically show the upper airway changes at soft palate level in OSAHS patients. All the OSAHS patients had airway obstruction of various degrees at soft palate level. But no correlation was observed between the airway change at soft palate level and the severity of OSAHS. The patients in group with BMI≥26 were more likely to develop airway obstruction at soft palate level than those with BMI<26.

OBJECTIVETo study the pathological features of uveal melanoma and to evaluate their influence on patients' prognosis.

METHODSParaffin embedded uveal melanoma tissues of 115 cases were examined using routine pathologic methods. Three histological types were classified according to the modified Callender system and patients were followed clinically. The data were done regression and survival analysis by SPSS statistic soft.

RESULTSThe patient with epithelial cell type, mixed type, and spindle cell type uveal melanoma have different life times, the average life time is 35.6 +/- 21.5 months, 63.7 +/- 37.0 months, 69.5 +/- 36.5 months in turn, patients with epithelial uveal melanoma had shorter survival time than other two types. The survival time was negatively related to the largest diameter of contact area with the sclera, the largest height and the depth of tumor invasion to the sclera.

CONCLUSIONSEpithelial uveal melanoma is more malignant than the other two types. Histological classification of this tumor combined with other pathologic features can indicate the patient's prognosis.

Eye Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; Humans ; Melanoma ; mortality ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Uveal Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology

Objective To investigate the related risk factors of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI)after cerebrovascular intervention. Methods The clinical data of 5423 patients performed cerebrovascular angiography and intervention at the Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery,Guangdong People′s Hospital from January 2005 to December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients who underwent cerebrovascular angiography and intervention were evaluated and screened. A clinical history database was established. All the selected patients used iodixanol,an isotonic contrast agent. The occurrence of CI-AKI was used as an endpoint. The patients were divided into either a CI-AKI group or a non CI-AKI group. A multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors associated with the occurrence of CI-AKI. Results A total of 4164 patients were finally enrolled,including 137 had CI-AKI. The incidence of CI-AKI was 3. 3%. The results of multivariate Logistic regression showed that age >60 years (OR,1. 965,95%CI 1. 244-3. 136),baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)<60mL/(min·1. 73 m2)(OR,4. 163,95%CI 2. 422-5. 873),diabetes (OR,3. 140,95%CI 1. 983-3. 902),and anemia (OR,1. 524,95%CI 1. 226 -3. 253)were the influencing factors for occurring CI-AKI after cerebrovascular angiography and intervention. Conclusion Chronic kidney disease (eGFR<60 mL/[min·1. 73 m2 ]),diabetes,anemia,and old age (age >60 years)are the independent risk factors for occurring CI-AKI after cerebrovascular angiography and intervention.

Objective To study the effect of paeoniflorin on inflammatory chemokines and their receptor in a rat model of ovalbumin-induced asthma.Methods Sixty 6-week old SPF female BALB/c mice were used in this study.To es-tablish a mouse model of asthma by sensitizing and challenging with ovalbumin.ELISA was used to analyze the serum IL-6 and TNF-α, and the specific IgE against ovalbumin ( OVA-IgE ) , CCL19 and CCL21 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).RT-PCR was performed to determine CCR7mRNA and protein expression of chemokine receptor CCR7, and the level of NF-κB was tested by Western blot.ResultsIn In the paeoniflorin groups, the serum IL-6 and TNF-αlevels were significantly lower, and the OVA-IgE, CCL19 and CCL21 levels in BALF were significantly reduced, compared with that in the control group.CCR7mRNA and protein expression of chemokine receptor CCR7 and NF-κB in the lung were significant-ly reduced by paeoniflorin.Conclusions Paeoniflorin has a remarkably inhibitory effect on the airway inflammatory chemo-kines CCL19/CCL21 and the receptor CCR7 in the mouse model of asthma.

Abstract:Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a minimal invasive therapy that have been clinically approved for the cancer treatment with selective cell toxicity. When activated by appropriate wavelength of light, photosensitizers transfer the absorbed photon energy to the surrounding molecular oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species, which result in cell death, vessel damage and immune activation of tumor site. This paper summarize the main challenges and recent solutions for PDT application, such as the low tissue penetration of light, toxicity induced by nonspecific accumulation of skin and poor PDT effect of hypoxia tumor.

This study examined the dynamic characteristics of upper airway collapse at soft palate level in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by using dynamic 3-Dimensional (3-D) CT imaging.A total of 41 male patients who presented with 2 of the following symptoms,i.e.,daytime sleepiness and fatigue,frequent snoring,and apnea with witness,were diagnosed as having OSAHS.They underwent full-night polysomnography and then dynamic 3-D CT imaging of the upper airway during quiet breathing and in Muller's maneuver.The soft palate length (SPL),the minimal cross-sectional area of the retropalatal region (mXSA-RP),and the vertical distance from the hard palate to the upper posterior part of the hyoid (hhL) were compared between the two breathing states.These parameters,together with hard palate length (HPL),were also compared between mild/moderate and severe OSAHS groups.Association of these parameters with the severity of OSAHS [as reflected by apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest saturation of blood oxygen (LSaO2)] was examined.The results showed that 31 patients had severe OSAHS,and 10 mild/moderate OSAHS.All the patients had airway obstruction at soft palate level.mXSA-RP was significantly decreased and SPL remarkably increased during Muller's maneuver as compared with the quiet breathing state.There were no significant differences in these airway parameters (except the position of the hyoid bone) between severe and mild/moderate OSAHS groups.And no significant correlation between these airway parameters and the severity of OSAHS was found.The position of hyoid was lower in the severe OSAHS group than in the mild/moderate OSAHS group.The patients in group with body mass index (BMI)≥26 had higher collapse ratio of mXSA-RP,greater neck circumference and smaller mXSA-RP in the Muller's maneuver than those in group with BMI＜26 (P＜0.05 for all).It was concluded that dynamic 3-D CT imaging could dynamically show the upper airway changes at soft palate level in OSAHS patients.All the OSAHS patients had airway obstruction of various degrees at soft palate level.But no correlation was observed between the airway change at soft palate level and the severity of OSAHS.The patients in group with BMI≥26 were more likely to develop airway obstruction at soft palate level than those with BMI＜26.

Objective To summarize experience in the treatment of chronic refractory empyema with autologous myocutaneous flap implantation.Methods From January 2004 to December 2017,26 patients had been treated with autologous myocutaneous flap implantation in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital for chronic refractory empyema.Among them,24 were men and 2 were women.The mediam age was 50.1 years(14-74 years).21 of them had medical histories of lung resection because of basic diseases(most of which accepted surgeries in other hospitals).Complications appeared after surgeries.15 of them had bronchopleural fistula while windowing,which could not be cured by conservative treatments such as drainage.Then we performed open-window thoracostomy and long-time dressing.6 of 21 had experienced pneumonectomy.Other 5 patients did not have primary operational histories.They experienced dressing by windowing because of chronic refractory empyema after the in effective conservative treatments like drainage without pulmonary re-expansion.Results No respiratory complications occurred in these patients.The catheters were successfully removed within 5 days and the patients were discharged within 3-6 weeks after the operations.The median follow-up period was 9 months.24 cases were successful with no recurrence of empyema or flap necrosis,the other 2 cases underwent recurrence of empyema.Conclusion The application of autologous myocutaneous flaps for the treatment of chronic refractory empyema is an effective and continuously improving method.