Objective: To evaluate the effect of visual training on children with myopia, so as to provide the evidence for the intervention of children with myopia. Methods: Ninety myopic children aged 8 to 10 years who visited the ophthalmology outpatient department of Zhoushan Hospital in 2021 were selected, and randomly divided into a control group, an intervention group 1, and an intervention group 2, with 30 cases in each group. The control group received medical glasses prescription, the intervention group 1 received a combined intervention of medical glasses prescription and visual training, and the intervention group 2 received only visual training intervention. Basic information, best corrected visual acuity and strabismus degree were collected through questionnaire surveys. Equivalent spherical lens power, positive and negative relative accommodation, amplitude of accommodation, and accommodative facility were measured before and after 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months intervention. The intervention effects among the three groups were compared using variance analysis of repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: There were no significant differences in gender, age, sleep time, parents' myopia status, outdoor activity time, best corrected visual acuity and strabismus degree among the three groups of children (all P>0.05). The results of analysis of variance for repeated measures revealed no significant differences in spherical equivalent, positive/negative relative accommodation, accommodation of amplitude, and accommodative facility among three groups of myopic children, with no interaction between groups and time (all P>0.05). Significant differences in these parameters were noted across the intervention times within each group (P<0.05). After 6 and 12 months of intervention, the spherical equivalent, positive/negative relative accommodation, amplitude of accommodation, and accommodative facility of the myopic children in the intervention group 1 and intervention group 2 were higher than those before intervention and at 1 and 3 months of intervention (all P<0.05). Conclusions Visual training has certain effect on myopia children. However, no differences were found in the intervention effects of medical glasses prescription alone, or when combined with visual training on myopia children.

Objective: To analyze the trends in incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among residents in Dongcheng District, Beijing Municipality from 2007 to 2022, so as to provide the evidence for formulating targeted prevention and control measures. Methods: Data of the incidence of four subtypes of CVD, including acute coronary syndrome, unstable angina pectoris, acute coronary heart disease, and acute myocardial infarction, in Dongcheng District from 2007 to 2022 were collected through the Beijing Chronic Disease Management Monitoring System. The incidence rates were calculated and standardized using the data of the seventh national population census in 2020. The trends in incidence of CVD were analyzed using average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: A total of 177 964 cases of CVD were reported in Dongcheng District from 2007 to 2022, with a crude incidence rate of 1 144.83/105 and a standardized incidence rate of 1 141.41/105. The crude incidence rates of acute coronary syndrome, unstable angina pectoris, acute coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction were 434.45/105, 277.04/105, 272.87/105 and 160.47/105, respectively. The crude incidence rates of CVD and the four subtypes showed an upward trend (AAPC=4.467%, 4.576%, 5.937%, 4.070% and 2.353%, all P<0.05), with unstable angina pectoris rising more rapidly. The crude incidence rate of CVD in males was higher than that in females (1 413.08/105 vs. 884.68/105, P<0.05), and both of them showed an upward trend from 2007 to 2022 (both P<0.05), with a faster increase in males than in females (AAPC=5.552% vs. 2.905%). The crude incidence rate of CVD increased with age (P<0.05), and the crude incidence rate of acute coronary heart disease increased significantly after the age of 65 years, rising from 477.58/105 at the age of 65-<75 years to 2 888.02/105 at the age of 85 years and above. Conclusions The crude incidence rates of CVD and its four subtypes showed an upward trend in Dongcheng District from 2007 to 2022, with unstable angina pectoris rising more rapidly. Males and older adults are key populations for early screening and comprehensive intervention for CVD.

Abstract Vanadium is widely used in the steel manufacturing, aerospace and medical industries because of its good plasticity and malleability, and is released into the environment in large quantities. Human were exposed mainly through environmental and occupational exposure. Vanadium and its compounds can cause multi-system damage to the reproductive, respiratory, neurological, and immune systems, and the toxic mechanisms may be related to oxidative stress, epigenetic damage, DNA damage and repair, apoptosis, and dysregulation of cell proliferation. This article summarizes the health hazards caused by vanadium exposure and its mechanism, providing the reference for the studies into the toxic effects of vanadium and its compounds.

Objective To study the clinical findings and audiological characteristics of auditory neuropathy. Methods Clinical findings, pure tone threshold, acoustic impedance audiometry, speech audiometry, auditory brainstem response (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emission( DPOAE) were analyzed in 23 cases of auditory neuropathy. Results The patients were predominantly youngster, female more than male. Pure tone audiometry revealed mainly binaural symmetric upward - sloping audiogram with mild and moderate hearing loss at low frequencies. Speech discrimination score was obviously reduced, which was disproportionately to the pure tone threshold. Ipsilateral and contralateral stapedial reflex were absent. ABR was severely abnor- mal. DPOAIE was normal or nearly normal. Conclusion Clinical findings and systemic audiometry revealed the main characteristics of auditory neuropathy, which could be used not only for the understanding, but also for the diagnosis of this disease.

Objective To explore the characte ristics of pure tone threshold (PTT) in auditory neuropathy. Methods The results of PTT audiometry were analysed in 48 patients with auditory neuropathy and compared with that of cochlear deafness. Results PTT audiograms in auditory neuropathy group r evealed curves including ascending slope, peak, spoon, letter W, lain letter S, flat, gentle slope. Binaural symmetric PTT audiograms were seen in 38 cases and asymmetric in 10 cases. The auditory threshold in auditory neuropathy showed a e levated range from mild to moderate degrees. Elevated degrees of auditory thresh old in left and right ears were consistent. The elevations of low-frequency audi tory threshold or in the main feature of low-frequency auditory threshold were 9 3.75% (90/96 ears) in the PTT audiograms. Conclusion The elevations of biauricular symmetric and ba sic symmetric low-frequency auditory threshold or in the main feature of low-fre quency auditory threshold were important characteristics of auditory neuropathy.

Objective To understand the clinical effect of conservative lapamscopic surgery with stripping corpus luteum for fallopian pregnancy to prevent persistent ectopic pregnancy.Methods From January 2005 to Augnst 2008.82 cases of fallopian pregnancy (6 cases for the second time) were performed conservative operatio through laparoscopic surgery with stripping corpus luteum.Seventy one cases underwent salpingostomy to remove the embryo, and other 11 cases were performed with extrusion of embryo sac at ampulla.The level of serum progesterone,β-HCG were measured before and after the therapy.All patients were followed up for one year.Results All patients'surgery had been successfully done through laparoscopie surgery.The duration of stripping corpus luteum was 5 to 10 minutes.The serum β-HCG(Mean±SD:(1213.51±118.84)U/L)and progesterone(Mean±SD:(3.25±2.44)nmol/L)arer operation were significantly lower than before the therapy(Mean±SD:(4267.86±983-56)U/L.(13.71±6.24)nmol/L,respectively)(P<0.01).The decrease of β-HCG value wag significantly correlated with the decreasing of progesterone(r=0.697,P<0.05).Only one patient had a persistent ectopic pregnancy.Fallopian examination through hysterosalpingography after 3 months was unobstructed in 71.1%(32/45 cases)and oh-strueted in 7 cases(15.6%).After one year ofthetherapytwo patients hadectopic pregnancy atthe same fallopian tube.Conclusions For females who have reproductive requirements with experience of fallopian pregnancy,conservative operation through laparoscopic surgery with stripping corpus luteum is safe and effective,and might have an important clinical effect to prevent postoperative persistent ectopic pregnancy.

For the purpose of studying the diagnostic significance of the traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane by the otologic endoscopy and video tape recording, one hundred and fourteen patients 117 ears, with ear drum injury caused by the head and facial trauma were examined and analyzed by using the Hopkin modle mult angle otologic endoscopy and the video tape recorder. The results showed that the traumatic perforation of te tympanic membrane were found in all four quadrants of the membrane,61 91% of the perforation located in the anteriorinferior quadrant,of the tense part of the membrane. The shapes of the perforation were spindle,triangular,slit, irregular and lune. The nontraumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane often located in the center or the margin of the membrane and were round or oval in shape. The otologic endoscopy and video tape recording can display the morphologic features of the traumatic and nontraumatic perforations of the tympanic membrane objectively and provide reliable diagnostic and investitgative method for the forensic practice.

AIM: To explore the effect and mechanism of preoperative transarterial chemoembolization on nephroblastoma.METHODS: Comparative analysis of clinical and pathological features in 39 children with Wilms’ tumor was conducted. TUNEL assay was used to detect the apoptosis of tumor in two groups with or without preoperative interventional treatment. The expressions of P53, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were detected by immunochemical methods. The patients were followed-up for more than 2 years.RESULTS: The extent of neoplastic cell necrosis and degeneration, interstital fiber tissue hyperplasia of tumor and the number of infiltrating lymphocytes were observed, which were higher in interventional group than those in simple excision group (P

Objective To investigate the effect of Dl-3-n-butylphthalide on acute cerebral infarction.Methods In Department of Neurology in the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan from March 2013 to June 2014,100 cases of patients with first onset of acute cerebral infarction were recruited.The participants were divided into 2 groups (control group and treatment group) randomly,with 50 participants in each group.Besides general treatment,the patients of treatment group received intravenous injection of Dl-3-n-butylphthalide in acute phase and orally took soft capsule of Dl-3-n-butylphthalide in recovery phase.All the patients were followed up for 24 weeks.Neurological function and general cognition were assessed separately by national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS),and mini mental state examination (MMSE) was applied to assess overall cognitive function.Results NHISS score was gradually decreased and MMSE score was increased in both groups.As compared with the control group,NIHSS score and MMSE score were changed significantly in the treatment group.From first onset to 24 weeks after treatment,NHISS score was decreased by 30％ in the control group and 44％ in the treatment group;MMSE score was increased by 17％ in the control group and 32％ in the treatment group.Conclusion Sequential therapy with Dl-3-n-butylphthalide improves neurological function and general cognition faster and more significant for patients with acute cerebral infarction.

AIM: By studying the ultrastructure of organs (hearts, brains, lungs, livers, kidneys) and vascular endothelial cells, and changes of physiological and biochemical indexes with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in the elderly rats, their signification and their developing rules were analyzed. METHODS: Wistar rats(Half of Wister rats were three-month-old and another half of twenty-month-old) were anaesthetized and dealt with cecal ligation puncture (CLP) operation. They were defined as MODSE group and MODSY group, respectively. They were perfused through all vascular circulation by 1% glutaric dialdehyde. These slices were observed under transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Physiological and biochemical indexes at 24 huor in elder rats were shown significant difference compared with the younger rats ( P