Aim To assess the impact of morin and acetyl-resveratrol on the oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of saquinavir (SQV), a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), in rats.Methods Twenty rats were randomized into four groups of equal size, including a control group, two intervention groups and a positive control group, and administered orally 30 mg·kg-1 SQV with or without 40 mg·kg-1 morin or acetyl-resveratrol or verapamil (as positive control).The plasma concentrations of saquinavir were determined using a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method, and the PK of SQV was assessed using non-compartmental analysis.Results The PK parameters values of SQV, SQV+morin, SQV+acetyl-resveratrol, SQV+verapamil were as follows: AUC0-t, 381.53 μg·h·L-1,185.53 μg·h·L-1, 360.43 μg·h·L-1, 529.95 μg·h·L-1;AUC0-∞, 409.48 μg·h·L-1, 228.52 μg·h·L-1,446.67 μg·h·L-1, 552.41 μg·h·L-1;Cmax, 110.80 μg·L-1, 86.44 μg·L-1, 139.84 μg·L-1, 423.60 μg·L-1;Tmax, 0.25 h, 0.25 h, 0.25 h, 0.50 h;T1/2, 5.72 h, 5.94 h, 6.78 h, 3.78 h;MRT0-∞, 10.30 h, 9.61 h, 12.30 h, 4.89 h;CL/F, 7.59 mL·kg-1·h-1, 13.88 mL·kg-1·h-1, 7.28 mL·kg-1·h-1, 5.52 mL·kg-1·h-1.Conclusions Multiple peak phenomenon can be observed in the plasma SQV profiles.Morin can significantly reduce the SQV oral bioavailability and affect SQV PK profiles while acetyl-resveratrol cannot significantly affect the SQV oral bioavailability and SQV PK profiles in rats.

OBJECTIVEBy explore the role of serum soluble Fas (sFas) in occurrence and progression of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP).

METHODSEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect serum sFas levels in 40 patients with DEACMP in acute stage and convalescent stage, with 36 healthy elderly subjects as the control group.

RESULTSSerum sFas levels of the patients with DEACMP in both the acute and convalescent stages showed no significant difference from those in the control group (P=0.737 and 0.137, respectively), nor was any significant difference found between the patients in acute and exacerbation stages (P=0.059).

CONCLUSIONSerum sFas is not involved in the occurrence and progression of DEACMP.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Diseases ; etiology ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ; blood ; complications ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; fas Receptor ; blood

Objective:To compare the short-term efficacy of hip arthroscopic surgery assisted by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hip arthroscopy alone in the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was performed on the clinical data of 133 FAI patients admitted to Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021. The patients included 86 males and 47 females, aged 19-71 years [(39.1±12.6)years]. A total of 67 patients were treated with hip arthroscopy alone (hip arthroscopy group), and 66 patients were treated with PRP after hip arthroscopy under ultrasound guidance (hip arthroscopy+PRP group). The two groups were compared before, at 12 months after surgery and at the last follow-up regarding the following items: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Modified Harris Hip Score, International Hip Outcome Tool-12 (iHOT-12), and Hip Outcome Score Activities of Daily Living Scale (HOS-ADL). The incidence rate of complications after surgery was compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 108 patients were followed up for 24-36 months [(28.5±3.8)months], while 25 patients were lost to follow-up because of withdrawal of consent, wrong telephone number, etc, including 11 patients (16.4%) in the hip arthroscopy group and 14 patients (21.2%) in the hip arthroscopy+PRP group. The values of VAS in the hip arthroscopy group before, at 12 months after surgery and at the last follow-up were 5.00(5.00, 7.00)points, 3.00(2.00, 3.75)points, and 1.00(0.00, 2.00)points, respectively; the values of Modified Harris Hip Score were 49.00(39.00, 57.00)points, 76.00(69.25, 82.00)points, and 86.00(82.00, 88.00)points, respectively; the values of iHOT-12 were 0.45(0.28, 0.58)points, 0.69(0.58, 0.80)points, and 0.81(0.70, 0.92)points, respectively; the values of HOS-ADL were 0.52(0.42, 0.68)points, 0.87(0.75, 0.93)points, and 0.93(0.86, 0.99)points, respectively. The scores of VAS in the hip arthroscopy + PRP group before, at 12 months after surgery and at the last follow-up were 6.00(5.00, 7.00)points, 3.00(2.00, 3.75)points, and 1.00(0.00, 2.00)points, respectively; the values of Modified Harris Hip Score were 46.50(37.00, 56.75)points, 78.00(72.00, 84.00)points, and 84.50(82.00, 88.00)points, respectively; the values of iHOT-12 were 0.42(0.26, 0.51)points, 0.66(0.58, 0.74)points, and 0.81(0.68, 0.88)points, respectively; the values of HOS-ADL were 0.54(0.38, 0.65)points, 0.87(0.72, 0.96)points, and 0.94(0.86, 1.00)points, respectively. In both groups, VAS, Modified Harris Hip Score, iHOT-12, and HOS-ADL were significantly improved at 12 months after surgery and at the last follow-up compared with those before surgery, and were further improved at the last follow-up compared with those at 12 months after surgery (all P<0.01). There were no significant differences in VAS, Modified Harris Hip Score, iHOT-12 and HOS-ADL between the two groups before, at 12 months after surgery and at the last follow-up (all P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence rates of postoperative hip pain and clicking between the two groups (both P>0.05). Conclusion:Hip arthroscopy can considerably improve short-term hip symptoms and function in FAI patients, but the use of PRP treatment after hip arthroscopy cannot further improve its short-term efficacy in FAI patients.

【Objective】 To assess the prevalence and treatment of high cardiovascular disease （CVD） risk， and identify individual characteristics related to high CVD risk. 【Methods】 Based on the data of the China Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events （PEACE） Million Persons Project （MPP） from 2016 to 2019， this study enrolled local residents aged 35 to 75 years from 39 counties or districts in Northwest China. Rates of high CVD risk and individual characteristics were assessed in the overall study population. Statin and aspirin use was also evaluated among those at high risk for CVD. Multivariable mixed models were fitted to evaluate the relationship between individual characteristics and high CVD risk. 【Results】 Among 364 537 participants， the average age was （54.6±9.7）years， and 5.8% was at a high risk for CVD. Multivariate mixed models showed that individuals who were currently using alcohol， overweight or obese tended to have a high risk for CVD， while married persons， those with a higher education level or a higher household income were correlated with a lower risk for CVD （all P<0.05）. Among high-risk persons， hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor （98.1%）， and only 1.3% and 3.5% reported their use of statins and aspirin， respectively. 【Conclusion】 Of the 364 537 participants， about 1 in 17 had a high risk for CVD. Among those at a high CVD risk， only less than 4% reported taking statins or aspirin. These findings indicate that there is still much room for risk mitigation in this population in China.