Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of reconstruction of the mandibular defect in patients with osteoradionecro-sis using submental artery island flap and reconstructive Ti-plate.Methods:20 cases with mandible osteoradionecrosis underwent par-tial mandibulectomy.The submental artery island flap and reconstructive Ti-plate were used to reconstruct the mandibular defects and adjacent soft tissue defects.The post-operative effects and flap successful rate were evaluated with a follow-up period of 6 to 1 8 months.Results:1 9 flaps were well survived,local necrosis in the remote end was observed in 1 flap,but survived by hyperbaric ox-ygen therapy and iodoform gauze dressing,no plate exposure was found after operation in the follow up period.All patients were satis-factory with the outlook.Conclusion:Submental artery island flap combined with reconstructive Ti-plate is feasible in the treatment of osteoradionecrosis.

Adult ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; surgery ; Humans ; Mandibular Condyle ; surgery

Objective To study the effect of small doses of remifentanil in preventing cardiovascular responses to extubation in the operation of obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome (OSAHS) . Methods Eighty patients with snoring under general anesthesia were selected. The patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 40 cases in each group. The two groups used the same induction anaesthetics, and sevoflurane and remifentanil were used in both groups for anesthesia maintainance. The control group discontinued all anesthetics at the end of surgery; The treatment group stopped sevoflurane alone, and decreased and continued the infusion of remifentanil until extubation. The changes of heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and oxygen saturation before anesthesia (t1) , extubation (t2) , 5 min after extubation (t3) , 10 min after extubation (t4) and 15 min after extubation (t5) were recorded. Recovery indexesand adverse reactions of anesthesia were recorded. Results The heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure were significantly increased at t2, t3, t4 and t5 in the two groups (P< 0.05) . SpO2 in all time intervals after extubation was slightly decreased, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05) .No significant differences were found between the two groups in the recovery time of spontaneous respiration, extubation time and the time returning to the ward (P > 0. 05) . The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the treatment group (7.5％) than in the control group (30.0％) (P< 0.05) . Conclusion Small doses of remifentanil can effectively prevent the cardiovascular responses during extubation in OSAHS operations, reduce the adverse reactions and increase the safety of extubation.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of DSA-guided percutaneous application of ethanol sclerotherapy combined with lauromacrogol foam sclerotherapy for the treatment of hyper-backflow venous malformations. Methods: The clinical data of 72 cases of hyper-backflow venous malformation of head and neck from August 2012 to June 2016 by DSA-guided percutaneous puncture sclerotherapy were analyzed retrospectively. Based on the method of sclerotherapy, the patients were divided into group A and B. Group A was treated with ethanol combined with lauromacrogol foam, and Group B was treated with lauromacrogol foam alone. All patients were followed up for 12-24 months (mean 14.3 months). The curative effects and postoperative adverse responses were analyzed by comparision.SPSS 19.0 software was applied, effective rate and adverse reaction rate were examined by chi square test.P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Group A(37 cases), cure was achieved in 10, basic cure in 21 and effective response in 3, ineffective response in 3, with a total efficiency of 91.9%(34/37). There were 3.2 average injections. The mean dose of sclerosant foam used in each patient was 220 mg and ethanol 13.6 ml. Group B(35 cases), cure was achieved in 5, basic cure in 15 and effective response in 4, ineffective response in 11, with a total efficiency of 68.6%(24/35). There were 4.8 average injection times. The mean dose of sclerosant foam used in each patient was 322 mg. There was statistically significant difference in total efficiency of 2 groups (χ²=6.245, P<0.05). The main adverse effect were tissue necrosis, nerve injury and limitation of mouth opening. There was no statistically significant difference in adverse effect of 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusions DSA-guided percutaneous application of ethanol sclerotherapy combined with lauromacrogol foam sclerotherapy for the treatment of hyper-backflow venous malformations is safe and effective with fewer complications.This technique is especially useful for the hyper-backflow type of venous malformations.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of alfentanil （ALF） on myocardial fibrosis in rats with acute myocardial infarction （AMI） by regulating sphingosine kinase 1 （SphK1）/sphingosine 1-phosphate （S1P） signaling pathway. METHODS Male SD rats were collected to construct AMI model by the ligation of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery. The successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into AMI model group （Model group）， ALF low-dose group （ALF-L group， 0.25 mg/kg ALF）， ALF high-dose group （ALF-H group， 0.5 mg/kg ALF）， high dose of ALF+SphK1 activator group （ALF-H+K6PC-5 group， 0.5 mg/kg ALF+1 μg/g K6PC-5）. At the same time， a sham operation group （Sham group） was set up to perform only chest opening/closing operations without ligating the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery， with 15 rats in each group. Rats in each drug group were intraperitoneally injected with the corresponding drug solution， once a day， for 4 consecutive weeks. Twelve hours after the last medication， cardiac function indicators [left ventricular systolic pressure （LVSP）， left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）， left ventricular systolic diameter （LVSD）， left ventricular fractional shortening （LVFS）] of rats were detected in each group； the condition of myocardial infarction， pathological changes in myocardial tissue， and degree of fibrosis were observed； serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide （BNP） and cardiac troponin Ⅰ （cTnⅠ） in rats were detected. The protein expressions of collagen Ⅰ ， collagen Ⅲ ， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， SphK1 and S1P were alsodetected in the myocardial tissue of rats. RESULTS Compared with the Sham group， the arrangement of myocardial cells in the Model group was disordered， with a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrating. The levels of LVSP， LVFS and LVEF in the Model group were significantly reduced （P＜0.05）； LVSD level， myocardial infarction area， collagen volume fraction， serum levels of BNP and cTnⅠ， the protein expressions of collagen Ⅰ， collagen Ⅲ， MMP-2， SphK1 and S1P in myocardial tissue were significantly increased or enlarged （P＜0.05）. Compared with the Model group， the pathological changes and degree of fibrosis in the myocardial tissue of rats in each dose group of ALF were improved or relieved， while the quantitative indicators of rats in the ALF-H group were significantly improved and significantly better than those in ALF-L group （P＜0.05）. K6PC-5 could significantly reverse the improvement effect of high-dose ALF on the above quantitative indicators in rats （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ALF can reduce myocardial fibrosis and improve cardiac function in AMI rats， and the effect may be related to the inhibition of the SphK1/S1P signaling pathway.

Objective: To observe the treatment effect of oral propranolol combined with topical timolol maleate for infantile maxillofacial mixed hemangioma and provide evidence for clinical treatment. Methods: Ninety-seven cases of infantile maxillofacial mixed hemangioma were enrolled. The cases were randomly divided into A and B groups: 50 cases in group A were treated with oral propranolol combined with topical timolol maleate, and 47 cases in group B were treated with oral propranolol only. The changes in the color, volume, and texture of the tumors were recorded before and after treatment, and color ultrasonography of the lesion area was performed. The follow-up time was 1-12 months. The differences in the curative effect, effective time and adverse reaction between the two groups were compared. Results : The effective rate of group A was 92.0% (46/50) and that of group B was 74.5% (35/47), with a statistical significance (P < 0.05). The mean time of treatment in group A was 4.2 months and that in group B was 5.5 months. Compared with group B, the treatment time of group B was shorter (t=3.211, P < 0.05), and no serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups. Conclusion Oral propranolol combined with topical timolol maleate is effective in the treatment of mixed hemangioma of the maxillofacial region in infants.