Objective To explore the expression of TLR4 and MyD88 in chronic renal failure and its role in the development of chronic renal failure.Methods 40 cases of patients diagnosed chronic renal failure during 2011.07~2014.05 were select-ed as observation subjects,and renal tissues without invasion of 40 cases patients with renal carcinoma resection were chosen as control.The expression of TLR4 and MyD88 in chronic renal failure was detected by IMH.The mice model was stabled establish through gavage of adenine (200 mg/kg).And the TLR4 and MyD88 expression was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.The models was divided into three groups:TLR4 blocking group,TLR4 non-blocking and control group.And the BUN and CRE were detected by biochemical analyzer in three groups.Results The expression of TLR4 and MyD88 were higher in chronic renal failure than in normals.The TLR4 and MyD88 were also higher in chronic renal failure model mice.The levels of BUN (15.65±3.97 mmol/L)in TLR4 blocking group were lower than which in TLR4 non-blocking group (23.33±7.62 mmol/L)and which in IgG group (26.33±6.77mmol/L)(t=2.887,P=0.045).The CRE levels were the lowest in TLR4-blocking group (523.89 ± 52.67μmol/L)compared with the TLR4 non-blocking group (789.51 ± 98.17μmol/L)and the IgG group (809.51±94.19μmol/L)(t=4.125,P=0.015).Conclusion The increased expression of TLR4 and MyD88 in chronic renal failure significantly would promote the development of chronic renal failure.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with duloxetine in treatment of depression. Methods Sixty-nine cases of depression were randomly divided in?to study group (n=35 patients) and control group (n=34 patients). The study group received duloxetine combined with 1Hz rTMS treatment on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex area for 6 weeks whereas the control group received duloxetine combined with pseudo-rTMS treatment for 6 weeks. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) were used to assess the clinical efficacy and the adverse reactions before, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after the treatment, respectively. Results Four patients (two from each group) dropped out of the study. The main effects of time (P<0.001) and groups (P=0.029) were significant and so was the interactive effect of time and group (P<0.001). The clinical curative effect of the study group were significantly better compared with the control group at the 2, 4, 6 weeks following treatment (P<0.001). The adverse reactions were mild in these two groups. Conclusions The combi?nation of 1 Hz rTMS with duloxetine is superior to either medication alone for the treatment depression.

Objective:To explore the values of fat saturation sequence in MRI for juvenile arthritis.Methods:A total of 1 131 cases with juvenile arthritis and 1 601 with symptomatic arthritis were examined by MRI normal T1 weighted imaging (T1WI) and T2 weighted imaging (T2WI)sequence and spectral presaturation attenuatedinversion recovery (SPAIR) T2 fat saturation sequence.All the images were independently evaluated by two senior doctors from the Department of Radiology and the Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology respectively to confirm the types and degree of pathological changes of joint tissues.Results:Among the subjects,847 patients demonstrated positive in MRI,accounting for 52.9％;409 patients showed positive in normal sequence,accounting for 48.3％;816 patients showed positive in fat saturation sequence,accounting for 96.3％.Joint hydrops accounted for 59.5％.Bone marrow edema accounted for 39.7％.The relevant ratio of bone marrow edema,joint hydrops,thickening of synovium and cartilage injuries in fat saturation sequence were higher than that in normal sequence (P＜0.05).The relevant ratio of bone erosion in normal sequence was higher than that in fat saturation sequence (P＜0.05).However,no significant difference of joint cysts was found between the fat saturation sequence and normal sequence (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Application of fat saturation sequence by MRI to check juvenile arthritis could obviously improve the positive MRI relevant ratio.In addition,the relevant ratio of the early pathological changes of juvenile arthritis (such as bone marrow edema and joint hydrops) was high,which might provide references for the early diagnosis of juvenile arthritis.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the urodynamics quality in Southwest China, and find out the main issues of urodynamics quality in Southwest China and try to find out the improvement ways.Methods:In this study, a two-stage sampling method was used.In the first stage, 10 medical institutions in Southwest China were selected by cluster sampling from March to June, 2020.In the second stage, according to the development of UDS in Southwest China, the sample size estimation formula was adopted, and the loss of follow-up rate in reports extraction was considered, the initial sample size was 350. As the workload of UDS in the 10 medical institutions involved in the study was equivalent, 35 urodynamics traces from each medical institution were selected. The initial samples should also meet the inclusion criteria: ①patients with clear medical history and complete clinical data; ②UDS traces were clear; ③UDS system was water filled system; ④age>18, and 150 urodynamic traces were included in the final study. We evaluated the quality of enrolled urodynamics traces, and the quality evaluation standard according to the guidelines established by the International Continence Society (ICS). The evaluation conducted by two independent urologist with more than 10 years working experience. Artifacts were divided into non-technical artifacts: abnormal abdominal pressure changes, urine volume <150 ml when did the uroflow test, and technical artifacts: non-standard zero setting, fail to record all urodynamics parameters, baseline drift, catheter displacement, misjudgment of detrusor physiological contraction and detrusor overactive in voiding phase, misjudgment between detrusor overactive and bladder low compliance in filling phase.Results:non-technical artifacts: 32 cases were found abnormal abdominal pressure changes (21.3%), 21 cases (14.0%) were found when did the uroflow test the urine volume <150 ml, and technical artifacts: Non-standard zero setting in 28 cases (18.7%), fail to record all urodynamics parameters in 8 cases, baseline drift in 16 cases, catheter displacement in 9 cases and misjudgment of detrusor physiological contraction and detrusor overactive in voiding phase in 12 cases, misjudgment between detrusor overactive and bladder low compliance in filling phase in 24 cases (16.0%).Conclusions:At present, the urodynamics quality in Southwest China need to be improved. The main issues were that the operator didn’t obey the basic operation and quality control process, and the operator did not have enough basic knowledge of urodynamics. It can be improved by strictly carry out the operation standard of UDS, identifying and correcting artifacts in time, and promoting the standardized urodynamic training courses.

Objective:To explore the safety and early prognosis of robot assisted living donor kidney transplantation(KT)and plot the learning curve of mastering the operation.Methods:From July 2020 to March 2021, 30 cases of living robot assisted KT were completed.The follow-up period was 3 months.Cumulative sum analysis was performed for plotting the learning curve.According to the learning curve, they were divided into two groups of practice period(the first 17 cases)and proficiency period(the last 13 cases). Time of each operative stage and early prognosis were compared.Kidney function and perioperative complications of two groups were compared for evaluating the safety and effectiveness of robot assisted KT.Results:The average operative duration was (221.4±36.1)min.No intestinal obstruction, delayed graft function, urinary leakage and incision infection occurred during perioperative period.The average anal exhaust time was(1.9±0.2)days.During follow-ups, both pulmonary infection(2 cases)and acute rejection(1 case)improved after treatment.According to the learning curve, venous anastomosis(10 cases), arterial anastomosis(12 cases), warm ischemic time(12 cases)and ureteral anastomosis(17 cases)should be performed for reaching a proficiency level.An average of 15 operations was required for achieving proficiency throughout operations.Significant inter-group differences existed in operative duration [(235.5±31.6)vs(203.0±34.3)min, P=0.012] and warm ischemic time [(63.7±24.9)vs(47.0±11.3)min, P=0.033]. At some postoperative timepoints, creatinine of proficiency group was lower than that of practice group, such as Day 7 post-operation [(192.7±135.2)vs(107.8±27.9)μmol/L, P=0.022] and Day 30 post-operation [(147.8±46.3)vs(112.3±28.0)μmol/L, P=0.021]. However, no significant difference existed in estimated glomerular filtration rate at Day 7 post-operation [(56.1±34.1)ml/(min·1.73m 2)vs(72.0±18.5)ml/(min·1.73m 2), P=0.14] and Day 30 post-operation [(56.2±18.9)ml/(min·1.73m 2)vs(68.7±15.3)ml/(min·1.73m 2), P=0.14]. Conclusions:Robot assisted KT is both safe and feasible.And the learning curve requires 17 cases for reaching a proficiency level.

Cross-Sectional Studies ; Urodynamics ; China