Objective To establish a guinea pig model for diagnostic reagent of tuberculosis.Methods By single or multiple subcutaneous injection of heat-killed H37 Rv in different doses in the groin of guinea pigs to establish a model of positive response to 0.1 mL (5 IU) standard tuberculin ( TB-PPD) skin test.Results Three doses of heat-killed H37 Rv ( 0.2 mg/mL, 0.3 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL ) could be used to generate the model of biological diagnosis of tuberculosis.After 24 and 48 hours, the diameter of red spot by TB-PPD skin test was 15.4 ±2.3 mm when a dose of 0.2 mg/mL heat-killed H37 Rv was administered for immunizing and allergizing the guinea pigs.The biggest red spot was induced at doses of 0.3 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL.The test results showed that the immune response induced by multiple njection to immunizing and allergizing guinea pigs was not significantly different than that induced by single immunizing injection, and the first skin test was better than the second, third and fourth skin test (P≤0.05).In addition, the body weight of the guinea pigs was still increasing after infection with heat-killed H37 Rv, and ulcers occurred in the injection sites in some guinea pigs.Conclusions A single subcutaneous injection of 0.2 mg/mL heat-killed H37 Rv in guinea pigs can be used well to establish a reliable model for biological diagnostic reagent of tuberculosis.Increasing the sensitizing dose and multiple sensitization can not increase the intensity of the delayed-type hypersensitivity ( DTH) response.

Objective To explore the characteristics and significance of functional connectivity (FC) of affective network (AN) in patients with postpartum depression (PPD) under resting state. Methods A total of 23 patients with PPD (PPD group) and 28 healthy postpartum women (control group) were examined using resting-state fMRI. As two critical nodes of AN, amygdala (AMYG) and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) were selected as the regions of interest (ROI) to analyze the differences of functional connectivity strength (FCS) of two regions from other brain regions between two groups, followed by Pearson correlation analysis on the abnormal FCS and the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) score in PPD group. Results Compared to the control group, the patients in PPD group showed the extensively reduced FCS (P<0.05, Alphasim correction) between AMYG and frontal cortex, temporal cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum and orbitofrontal cortex, while there were enhanced FCS (P<0.05, Alphasim correction) between sgACC and parietal cortex, occipital cortex, thalamus, superior temporal gyrus and cingulate cortex. Moreover, in PPD group, the reduced FCS between left AMYG and left medial orbitofrontal cortex was negatively correlated with EPDS scores (r=-0.62, P=0.02). Conclusion Patients with PPD have dysfunctional connectivity of AN in multiple brain regions. The weaker FCS between left amygdala and left medial orbitofrontal cortex is, the more severe depression. The dysfunctional connectivity of AN may provide an effective mechanism-based biomarker underlying PPD.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the influential factors for depression in patients with facial acne vulgaris and to provide scientific evidence for a comprehensive and systematic treatment for acne vulgaris.
 METHODS: A total of 287 outpatients with facial acne vulgaris, who visited the dermatology of the Third Xiangya Hospital, were surveyed by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The data was collected by Epidata software (version 3.1) and processed by SPSS software package (version 18.0). The influential factors for the depression of outpatients with facial acne vulgaris were analyzed by multinomial logistic regression.
 RESULTS: A total of 181 patients with facial acne vulgaris showed various degrees of depression (BDI score≥5) and the rate was 63.1%. The symptoms for depression included sad and pessimistic attitude as well as the decreased attention to others (social withdrawal). The influential factors for mild, moderate or severe depression were gender, the degree and the course of acne. Female patients were more likely to suffer mild, moderate or severe depression (OR=3.62, 2.63, respectively); the risk of depression in acne patients was increased with the increase in degree of the severity (OR=2.31, 4.51, respectively); the patients with the acne course more than a year were more likely to show mild depression than those with a course less than a year (OR=4.30, 7.44, respectively). The patients with acne course more than 3 years were more likely to show moderate or severe depression compared to those with a course less than a year (OR=3.60).
 CONCLUSION Most of facial acne patients show a different degree of depression. The acne course is longer in female patients. The more severe the acne vulgaris is, the more suffering of the depression is. Psychological care should be considered to improve the treatment and quality of life.
Acne Vulgaris ; epidemiology ; Depression ; epidemiology ; Face ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires

ObjectiveThis research focused on examining the distinctive characteristics of nutrient intake and dietary patterns among long-lived elderly individuals. Additionally， the study was aimed to explore the specific dietary components that may impact the skeletal muscle mass in this particular group. MethodsThis study was conducted in the Chongming area of Shanghai， China. A total of 206 long-lived elderly individuals aged 90 or above were recruited. The 3-day 24-hour dietary recall method was used to collect dietary information and general demographic data through face-to-face interviews with professional nutritionists. The skeletal muscle mass index（SMI） was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis（BIA）， and low skeletal muscle mass was diagnosed based on the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. T-test analysis， chi-square test， and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between dietary nutrient intake and skeletal muscle mass. ResultsIn terms of food intake categories， compared with the long-lived elderly people with normal muscle mass， the intake of cereals containing miscellaneous beans and vegetables in the long-lived elderly people with low muscle mass was significantly lower（P<0.05）. In terms of the nutrient intake， compared with the long-lived elderly people with normal muscle mass， the intake of total energy， carbohydrate， dietary fiber， vitamin D， folic acid， phosphorus， potassium， magnesium， iron， and manganese in the long-lived elderly people with low muscle mass was significantly lower（P<0.05）. After continuous adjustment for the covariates， multivariate logistic regression analysis found that the intake levels of folic acid and dietary fiber were important factors influencing skeletal muscle mass， Individuals with lower intake levels of folic acid and dietary fiber are at a higher risk of low muscle mass in long-lived elderly individuals ［OR_{folic acid T1}， _{dietary fiber T1} （95%CI）： 2.90 （1.11‒7.61）； 4.09 （1.53‒10.91）］. ConclusionThe consumption of cereals that include a variety of beans and vegetables was noticeably lower in the long-lived elderly individuals with lower muscle mass when compared to those with normal muscle mass. Furthermore， low levels of folic acid and dietary fiber intake are associated with an increased risk of low skeletal muscle mass.