Objective To analyze the guidance demands of different levels of nursing students in initial stage of clinical practice,and implement student-development-centered and targeted teaching philosophy.Methods Scales and a home-made questionnaire were used to investigate 178 nursing students at different levels and the results underwent statistical analysis.Results In the early internships,guidance needs of psychology and basic knowledge were of consistency in undergraduate and college nursing students.There were some differences in guidance needs between secondary school students and undergraduate and college nursing students.The total average score of stress and all the subscale scores were at low and middle levels.The total average score of communication skills and all the subscale scores were above 2.5 points.The was statistically significant difference in joint participation dimension and verifying dimension.Conclusions Different levels of nursing students at the beginning of practice had different needs of guidance.Teachers should guide nursing students to face and deal with problems,relieve stress,improve communication skills,and handle interpersonal relationships well.Targeted guidance,management and meeting the specific needs of students can improve the effectiveness of teaching.

Liver fibrosis is a dynamic wound-healing response characterized by the agglutination of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Si-Wu-Tang (SWT), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, is known for treating gynecological diseases and liver fibrosis. Our previous studies demonstrated that long non-coding RNA H19 (H19) was markedly upregulated in fibrotic livers while its deficiency markedly reversed fibrogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which SWT influences H19 remain unclear. Thus, we established a bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced liver fibrosis model to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of SWT on various cells in the liver. Our results showed that SWT markedly improved ECM deposition and bile duct reactions in the liver. Notably, SWT relieved liver fibrosis by regulating the transcription of genes involved in the cytoskeleton remodeling, primarily in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and influencing cytoskeleton-related angiogenesis and hepatocellular injury. This modulation collectively led to reduced ECM deposition. Through extensive bioinformatics analyses, we determined that H19 acted as a miRNA sponge and mainly inhibited miR-200, miR-211, and let7b, thereby regulating the above cellular regulatory pathways. Meanwhile, SWT reversed H19-related miRNAs and signaling pathways, diminishing ECM deposition and liver fibrosis. However, these protective effects of SWT were diminished with the overexpression of H19 in vivo. In conclusion, our study elucidates the underlying mechanisms of SWT from the perspective of H19-related signal networks and proposes a potential SWT-based therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Humans ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics* ; Liver Cirrhosis/genetics* ; Liver/metabolism* ; Hepatic Stellate Cells/pathology* ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal