Objective: To understand the hepatitis B (HB) infection status among healthy people of Tianmen city, and to evaluate the effect of undertaking vaccination against hepatitis B, and to direct the work of HB prevention and control. Methods: Multi-stage random sampling was applied to 5 among the 27 townships of Tianmen city, 398 and 1 756 persons of age between 1 and 59 years were sampled in 2006 and 2012, respectively, blood samples were collected, HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb and HBcAb were tested by ELISA; database was established with Epidata 3.1 and data were processed and analyzed by SPSS 13.0. Results: The infection rates among the healthy people aged between one year and 59 years in 2006 and 2012 were 38.44% and 19.25% respectively with significant difference (χ²=67.92, P=0.000); HBsAg carrying rate was 8.04% and 6.09% without statistical significance (χ²=2.04, P=0.15). However, Results of age groups between 1 to 8 years old, 9 to 19 years old, and 20 to 59 years old in the same year showed that the HBsAg positive rates had very significant difference (χ²=24.56, P=0.000 in 2006; χ2=78.29, P=0.000 in 2012), and that the HBsAb positive rates were 72.86% and 57.23% with significant difference (χ²=26.96, P=0.000), while the HBeAg positive rates were 1.76% and 0.63%, and the HBeAb positive rates were 6.03% and 4.61%, and the HBcAb positive rates were 38.44% and 19.02%. Conclusions In 2012, the HB infection status among healthy people of Tianmen city declined sharply, the number of people infected infected with HB decreased as compared with 6 years before. Undertaking HB vaccination and the HB prevention and control strategies protected the susceptible population, and remarkable achievements were obtained.