Objective To analyze the use of antibiotics in perioperative period of type 1 incision in our hospital from 2014 to 2016.Methods The type Ⅰ incision of clean operation cases in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected as the research subjects.Among them,201 cases were assigned as the control group from January 2014 to July 2015,while 202 cases were set as observation group from August 2015 to December 2016.General intervention in the using status of antibiotics was adopted for the controls,meanwhile,intensive intervention was given to observation groups.At the same time,the types of antibiotics,the beginning time and duration of antibiotics use were compared between the two groups.Results Before operation,the antibiotics use proportion of 0.5-1 h in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (89.11％ vs.54.73％).The antibiotics use proportion of preoperative 1-24h (1.9％ vs.24.4％) and postoperative drug use ratio (8.91％ vs.20.9％)were significantly lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (x2 =59.027,44.251,11.420,all P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of treatment duration ≤ 1 d in the observation group (89.6％ vs.62.7％)was significantly higher than the control group,the proportions of 1 ＜ T ≤ 2d (9.9％ vs.22.4％) and ＞ 2d (0.5 ％ vs.14.9％) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (x2 =40.226,11.613,29.546,all P ＜ 0.05).In the observation group,the ratios of the first generation cephalosporin (79.7％ vs.48.2％) and the second generation cephalosporin (12.8％ vs.5.4％) were significantly higher than those of the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).The proportions of the third generation cephalosporin and fluoroquinolones were significantly lower than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant (x2 =43.246,6.614,47.960,8.203,all P＜0.05).Conclusion After the intensive intervention,the duration of prophylaxis and drug selection in the perioperative period of type 1 incision is more reasonable.