Objective To examine the effect of PDGF-αreceptor on proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in rabbits. Methods Different concentrations of PDGFR-α ASODN were mixed with lip 2000, and the final proportion of PDGFR-α ASODN/lip2000 complex was 1∶1、1∶2.5 and 1∶5 respectively. All the complexes were incubated with cultured human retinal pigment epithelium for 24 hours before transfection. The rabbits were divided into group A (RPE cells)、group B and C (1.0、2.0 μmol/L PDGFR-αASODN lipofectin transfection of RPE cells) with 8 eyes each. The level of PVR were estimated by indirect ophthalmoscope examination; the fundus changes were estimated by histopathology; and the expression of PDGFA was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The highest transduction efficiency was PDGFR-α ASODN/ lip2000 ratio to 1∶2.5. The degree of proliferative vitreoretinopath , the fundus changes and the density of PDGFA in group B and group C were significantly lower than that in group A, while group C more lower than group B. Conclusion PDGF-αreceptor antisense oligonucleotides can inhibit the development of experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Autoimmune encephalitis is a kind of inflammatory disease of central nervous system caused by abnormal immune response of body immune system to neuronal antigen,and is generally considered to be reversible encephalitis caused by noninfectious factors.Its characteristic manifestations include acute and subacute onset of cognitive dysfunction,epilepsy and mental disorder.With the discovery of related antibodies,summaries of clinical syndrome and application of new functional imaging instruments,the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis is increasingly standardized.The priority treatment of autoimmune encephalitis is immunomodulatory therapy,including glucocorticoid,immunoglobulin,plasma exchange and immunosuppressant.The other treatments could be the related tumor resection,electroshock therapy,etc.The symptoms in most patients can get substantial relief with active treatment.The present paper would focus on the research progress in treatment of autoimmune encephalitis.

Objective To explore the toxic effect of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-αantisense oligonucleotide (αASODN) on the retina. Methods Twenty-four healthy adult colored rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups in six for each group. Intravitreous injections of 0.1ml different density diluents containing PDGFR-αASODN and liposome were performed in the right eyes in 3 groups. The other group was injected with 0.1 mL balanced salt solution (BSS) as the control group. The left eyes of all animals were not rejected. Slit lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy and electroretinogram (ERG) examination were performed at 1, 7, 14 and 28 days after the injection. On the day 28, the right eyes were harvested, and HE、immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy of retinal tissue were performed . Results The slit lamp, indirect ophthalmoscope examination of all groups were normal in each time. ERG examination yielded no difference in the amplitude of b wave between the treated groups and the normal control group. Pathological changes of the retinal tissue were not observed in the examinations of HE and immunohistochemical at the day 28 after injection. Electron microscope observation of retinal photoreceptor cells in the group D showed the parts of gaps between membranous discs were expanding, parts of were fusing, a few of clearances around cell nucleus were slightly enlarged,and the shapes of the cell nucleus were slightly irregular. Conclusions To inject 0.1 mL PDGFR-αASODN/lip2000 into the vitreous chamber, PDGFR-αASODN can be relatively safe when its concentration is less than 1.5μmol/L.

Objective To analyze the sensitivity of auxiliary examinations in different periods of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD).Methods The clinical data of 53 sCJD patients were retrospectively analyzed including the different stages of skull diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI),24-hour ambulatory electroencephalogram (EEG),18F-FDG PET/CT (PET-CT)and cerebrospinal fluid 14-3-3 protein.When calculating the sensitivity of an auxiliary examination,the diagnostic criteria were defined by combining the specific clinical manifestations with two or more positive results of other auxiliary examinations.Results There were 24,53 and 22 sCJD patients,respectively,met the criterion of early (E),middle (M) and later (L) stage of disease (some patients fit 2 or 3 stages).The sensitivity ofDWl (E:58.3％ M:85.4％,L:94.7％),EEG (E:45.8％,M:62.7％,L:77.8％),14-3-3 protein in cerebrospinal fluid (E:11.1％,M:52.9％) and PET-CT (E:80％,M:100％) increased gradually with disease progression,The sensitivity of PET-CT was higher than the other auxiliary examinations for E and M stages;no PET-CT was conducted in L stage.High signal regions mainly distributed in the cortex in E and M stages,but in L stage,no significant difference was found on the distribution of high signal regions between cortex and basal ganglia.Conclusions The sensitivities of the auxiliary examinations were different for sCJD patients in different stages.Reexaminations in different periods may improve the sensitivity for sCJD diagnosis.The sensitivity of PET-CT was high,and the combination of PET-CT and other auxiliary examinations may play a key role in the diagnosis of sCJD.

Objective To explore effects of diet detail nursing on swallowing function and quality of life in patients with mild-to-moderate dysphasia after oral cancer surgery. Methods Totally 66 patients with dysphasia after oral cancer surgery in Department of Head and Neck Surgery of Liaoning Cancer Hospital were selected by convenience sampling and divided into control group and observation group by random number table method,with 33 cases in each group. The two groups were given dysphasia training,and the control group was given regular diet nursing,on which basis the observation group was given diet detail nursing. The dysphasia degree was assessed by water swallow test. The pharyngeal contraction rate was evaluated by swallowing radiography,and the correctness of swallowing methods was evaluated. The quality of life of patients was assessed by University of Washington Quality of Life Scale (UWQOL),and the nutritional status and postoperative complications were observed. Results After intervention,the dysphasia degree in observation group was lighter than that in control group (P＜ 0.05). The pharyngeal contraction rates of swallowing dilute fluid and thick fluid in observation group[(34.47±7.56)% and (36.48±9.46)%] were smaller than those in control group [(38.94±9.27)% and (41.46±10.42)%] (P＜ 0.05). The correct rate of swallowing methods in observation group(84.85%) was significantly higher than that in control group (63.64%) (P＜0.05). The scores of five items of swallowing,chewing,mood,anxiety and self-assessment quality of life in observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The serum albumin level in observation group(38.66±4.85g/L) was higher than that in control group (35.84±5.16 g/L) (P＜ 0.05). The incidence rate of aspiration in observation group(12.12%) was smaller than that in control group (33.33%)(P＜ 0.05). Conclusions Diet detail nursing management for patients with dysphasia after oral cancer surgery can guide patients to master the correct swallowing methods,effectively reduce the pharyngeal contraction rate,improve the swallowing ability, reduce the occurrence of aspiration,and improve their quality of life and nutritional status to a certain extent.

This paper expounds the definition, measurement tools, influencing factors and intervention measures of body image in cancer patients, aiming to provide basis for further clinical research and exploration of effective intervention measures.

Objective:To analyze the current situation, research trends, and hotspots of geriatrics education in SCI database by scientometric measurement, and to draw a panoramic map of geriatrics teaching and research.Methods:The Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) database via Web of Science and made usual bibliometric analyses. The co-authorship networks across authors and institutions were studied by VOS viewer software, the research hotspots, the network of co-occurring keywords and the keyword co-occurrence cluster were analyzed using the keywords and the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) weighting algorithm to label the clusters.Results:This study included 645 papers. The teaching research of geriatrics is relatively less and the distribution is extremely uneven across countries. Most related papers are written by American scholars. In general, the study number is increasing over time but fluctuates greatly from year to year. Most relevant studies are conducted by authors in the USA. The University of California System, Icahn School Medicine at Mount Sinai, and State University System of Florida are the most productive institutions. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, Gerontologist, Educational Gerontology are the core journals. Simpson D, Denson K, and Clark PG are the most productive authors. The research hotspots is involving over time, and such directions as "curriculum tutor", "global collaboration", and "new curriculum initiation" are the current research hotspots, which have been cited more than 200 times.Conclusion:This study depicts a panoramic map of the international geriatric teaching research, which would provide valuable reference for subsequent related research.

Sarcopenia is a serious health concern that must be payed attention by aged people.The occurrence of sarcopenia in obese older individuals may be intricately linked to lipotoxic substances such as free fatty acids(FFA),diacylglycerols(DAG),and ceramides,which are toxic to skeletal muscle cells.Lipotoxic substances in-duce inflammatory responses,oxidative stress,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and insulin resistance in skeletal mus-cle cells,disrupting protein metabolism and impairing regeneration and then lead to the onset of sarcopenia.Up to the present,the precise mechanisms by which lipotoxicity in skeletal muscle results in the development of sarcope-nia remain incompletely understood.Further research may highlight the orientation for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.

Objective:To examine the impact of intrinsic capacity(IC), comorbidity, and their interaction on the occurrence of adverse outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.Methods:This 2-year observational cohort study included 230 residents aged 75 and above who lived in the Beijing Taikang Yanyaun community active area from June to August 2018.The study evaluated the IC scale, Charlson comorbidity index(CCI), and activity of daily living(ADL).In September 2020, adverse outcomes such as functional decline(defined as a decline of at least one point on the ADL scores at 2-year follow-up compared with baseline)and falls were assessed.The structure equation model(SEM)path analysis was employed to examine the direct and indirect effects of IC and CCI on adverse outcomes.Results:Among the 212 older adults who completed a 2-year follow-up, aged 75-93(mean age 83.8±4.4)years, 59.4%(126 cases)were female.Out of these participants, 51.4%(109 cases)experienced functional decline and 33.5%(71 cases)had falls.Path analysis revealed that the direct effects of IC on functional decline and falls were significantly positive, with standardized coefficients of 0.430 and 0.369, respectively.However, the effect of CCI was not found to be significant.The multi-variable Logistic regression model showed that the total effect of IC on functional decline and falls remained significantly positive, with values of 1.184 and 0.915, respectively.CCI acted as a mediating factor, with indirect effects on functional decline and falls accounting for 5.4% and 0.8%, respectively.In terms of the relationship between age and adverse outcomes, the indirect effect of IC was significantly higher than that of CCI(functional decline: 0.192 vs.0.037; falls: 0.158 vs.0.017). Conclusions:The maintenance of IC in the health management of community-dwelling older adults should be given more attention as it can significantly affect the incidence of functional decline and falls.Comorbidity, on the other hand, has a weaker influence.

Objective: To explore the effects of Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD) on vascular neogenesis and hemorheological parameters following cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: An acute cervical SCI model was established using 84 female Sprague–Dawley rats. Functional recovery of the rats was evaluated using the forelimb locomotor scale score, forelimb grip strength test, and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan score. The animals were subsequently euthanized at days 7 and 28 postoperatively. The gross morphology, neuronal survival, and myelin sheath in the injured area were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Nissl, and luxol fast blue (LFB) staining, respectively. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe CD31 expression 7 days post-injury. Furthermore, the expression of CD31, neuronal nuclear protein (NeuN), and myelin basic protein (MBP) were evaluated 28 days post-injury. Additionally, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) expression was evaluated using western blotting. Whole-blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, and red blood cell aggregation were measured using a hemorheometer. Results: From postoperative days 3–28, motor function in the BYHWD group began to recover considerably compared to the SCI group. BYHWD effectively restored spinal cord histopathology. In addition, the number of NeuN-positive cells, and fluorescence intensity of CD31at 7 and 28 days and MBP significantly increased in the BYHWD group compared with the SCI group (all P < .05). Moreover, this decoction significantly upregulated the expression of VEGFA and VEGFR-2 (all P < .05). BYHWD improved the hemorheology results (i.e., except erythrocyte aggregation index in the low-dose group), revealing statistically significant differences compared with the SCI group (all P < .05). Conclusion BYHWD effectively promoted angiogenesis, improved hemorheological parameters, and protected neurons and myelin sheaths, ultimately promoting the recovery of neurological function after cervical SCI in rats. These findings suggest that BYHWD promotes vascular neogenesis through the VEGFA/VEGFR-2 pathway.