The paper overviewed the research progress of the lower limb rehabilitation training robot at home and abroad, introduced some kinds of representative lower limb rehabilitation training robots, and put forward the prospects of rehabilitation training robot

BACKGROUND:Some studies have indicated that different genes in tooth germ tissue play a role at different time, contributing to tooth germ development.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the expressions of dentin matrix protein 1, enamel protein, col agen I and homeobox gene 1 at different stage of in vitro culture of tooth germ cells.
METHODS:RNA from tooth germ cells was extracted at days 1, 3, 6 of in vitro culture. After reverse transcription, real-time quantitative PCR detection was adopted to measure relative expression of dentin matrix protein 1, enamel protein, col agen I and homeobox gene 1 mRNA.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Dentin matrix protein 1, enamel protein, and col agen I mRNA expressions increased with culture time, and reached the peak at day 3 (P<0.05), whereas homeobox gene 1 mRNA decreased with culture time (P<0.05).

TLR2 activity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, tumor carcinogenesis and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. To establish a TLR2 receptor-based cell screening model, NF-kappaB promoter-driven luciferase reporter plasmids were transfected into human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) stably expressing human TLR2 and co-receptors CD14, TLR1 and TLR6. Single clones were then isolated and characterized. Using this screening system, a human TLR2-binding peptide C8 was obtained from the Ph.D.-7 Phage Display Peptide Library through biopanning and rapid analysis of selective interactive ligands (BRASIL). The binding characteristic of C8 with human TLR2 was evaluated by ELISA, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. The NF-kappaB luciferase activity assay showed that C8 could activate the TLR2/TLR1 signaling pathway and induce the production of cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6. In conclusion, the TLR2 receptor-based cell screening system is successfully established and a new TLR2-binding peptide is identified by using this system.

Autophagy is an important homeostatic cellular recycling mechanism responsible for degrading injured or dysfunctional cellular organelles and proteins in all living cells. Aging is a universal phenomenon characterized by progressive deterioration of cells and organs due to accumulation of macromolecular and organelle damage. Growing evidences indicate that the rate of autophagosome formation and maturation and the efficiency of autophagosome/lysosome fusion decline with age. Dysfunctional autophagy has also been observed in age-related diseases. Autophagy disruption resulted accumulation of mutated or misfolded proteins is the essential feature of neurodegenerative disorders. However, in cancers, fibroproliferative diseases or cardiovascular diseases, autophagy can play either a protective or destructive role in different types of disease, and even in different stages of the same disease. The review will discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms of autophagy and its important role in the pathogenesis of aging and age-related diseases, and the ongoing drug discovery strategies for therapeutic intervention.

Objective To evaluate the value of the 7-joint ultrasound score (US7) in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with Chinese and western medicine.Methods A total of 160 RA patients were divided into 2 groups based on different methods of treatment,including Yi Shen Qing Luo (YSQL) group and western medicine group.The patients were examined by grey scale ultrasound (GSUS) and power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) with US7 at baseline and after 3 and 6 months later.There were 7 related joints and 5 single factors for scoring in US7 system.The joints included the wrist joints,the second/third metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP Ⅱ/Ⅲ),the second/third proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP Ⅱ / Ⅲ) and the second/fifth metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP Ⅱ/Ⅴ).And the factors included synovitis of GSUS,synovitis of PDUS,myotenositis/tenosynovitis of GSUS,myotenositis/tenosynovitis of PDUS and bone erosion (ES).Meanwhile,the laboratory index included C-reactive protein (C-RP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were examined.And the clinical indexes as disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28) were evaluated.Results The statistical differences of synovitis of GSUS,synovitis of PDUS,myotenositis/tenosynovitis of GSUS and myotenositis/tenosynovitis of PDUS scores in US7 system were found in both 2 groups at baseline,3 months and 6 months after treatment (all P＜0.01).There was no statistical difference of ES before and after treatment in all cases (P＞0.05).The factors of US7 were positively correlated with DAS28,C-RP and ESR in different extent.Condusion US7 is a viable tool for examining patients with RA.

Molecularly imprinted polymers for dimethoate recognition were synthesized by the precipitation polymerization technique using methyl methacrylate (MMA) as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the cross-linker. The morphology, adsorption and recognition properties were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), static adsorption test, and competitive adsorption test. To obtain the best selectivity and binding performance, the synthesis and adsorption conditions of MIPs were optimized through single factor experiments. Under the optimized conditions, the resultant polymers exhibited uniform size, satisfactory binding capacity and significant selectivity. Furthermore, the imprinted polymers were successfully applied as a specific solid-phase extractants combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for determination of dimethoate residues in the cucumber samples. The average recoveries of three spiked samples ranged from 78.5% to 87.9% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 4.4% and the limit of detection (LOD) obtained for dimethoate as low as 2.3μg/mL.

OBJECTIVE:To study the percutaneous properties of Man-PEI25k nanocomplex under the treatment of microneedles. METHODS:Using fluorescent dye water-soluble carboxyl CdSe/ZnS quantum dot (QD) as model drug, Man-PEI25k/QD and Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex with different grafting rates(1∶3,1∶6)were formed through electrostatic adherence with PEI25k and Man-PEI25k. The distribution of QD in the active epidermal layer and dermis of skin were observed by confocal microscopy after the treatment of microneedles,using free QD as control. The accumulative retention amounts of QD in the active epidermal layer and dermis of skin were determined by fluorescence spectrophotometer after PEI25k/QD and Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex treated with mi-croneedles. RESULTS:The amounts of Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex in active epidermal layer and dermis were significantly higher than that of PEI25k/QD nanocomplex under the treatment of microneedles in vivo;the amounts of Man-PEI25k/QD (1∶6) nanocom-plex in active epidermal layer and dermis of skin were significantly higher than that of Man-PEI25k/QD(1∶3)nanocomplex. In in vi-tro transdermal diffusion experiments,microneedles could increase the retention amounts of nanocomplex in active epidermal layer and dermis of skin significantly. The retention amounts of Man-PEI25k/QD nanocomplex in active epidermal layer were increased by 2 times of that of PEI25k/QD under the treatment of microneedles after 48 h;at the same time,in the dermis that was increased by 1.5 times,with statistical significance (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Microneedles can improve the percutaneous properties of Man-PEI25k nanocomplex in active epidermal layer.

METHODS:Lentiviral vectors carrying bFGF and BMP-2 were constructed to transfect sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. cells were divided into four groups:bFGF group, BMP-2 group, co-transfection group BACKGROUND:Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) can promote the proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells, and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) has an important significance in the induction of new bone formation.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effects of bFGF, BMP-2 and their co-transfection on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and to compare the relative expressions of col agen I, osteocalcin and osteopontin before and after celltransfection, thereby providing theoretical implications for seed cells in the construction of tissue-engineered bone.
and control group. The RNA was extracted using real-time quantitative PCR to detect mRNA levels of col agen I, osteocalcin, and osteopontin.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Significant difference in non-specific osteogenic gene expressions was found among the four groups (P<0.05). bFGF and BMP-2 showed an interaction (P<0.05). Expressions of col agen I and osteocalcin in the co-tranfection group were higher than those in the other three groups (P<0.05), but osteopontin expression exhibited no difference (P>0.05). In vitro experiments showed that the relative expression of col agen I, osteocalcin and osteopontin were higher in the co-transfection group, indicating the cells from the co-transfection group have strongest osteogenic capacity that are suitable for seed cells for bone tissue engineering.

Amyloid fibrils are found in systemic amyloidosis diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and type II diabetes. Currently, these diseases are diagnosed by observation of fibrils or plaques, which is an ineffective method for early diagnosis and treatment of disease. The goal of this study was to develop a simple and quick method to predict the possibility and speed of fibril formation before its occurrence. Oligomers generated from seven representative peptide segments were first isolated and detected by ion-mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS). Then, their assemblies were disrupted using formic acid (FA). Interestingly, oligomers that showed small ion intensity changes upon FA addition had rapid fibril formation. By contrast, oligomers that had large ion intensity changes generated fibrils slowly. Two control peptides (aggregation/no fibrils and no aggregation/no fibrils) did not show changes in their ion intensities, which confirmed the ability of this method to predict amyloid formation. In summary, the developed method correlated MS intensity ratio changes of peptide oligomers on FA addition with their amyloid propensities. This method will be useful for monitoring peptide/protein aggregation behavior and essential for their mechanism studies.

A method for quantitative detection of florfenicol by colloidal gold lateral flow immunoassay was developed.The experimental conditions including pH value, concentrations of antibody in the process of conjugation between the colloidal gold and antibody, amount of gold-labeled antibody, concentration of the antigen sprayed on test lines (T line), and detection time were optimized.With a colloidal gold strip reader, the signal intensity of T lines and control lines (C line) on lateral flow strips was recorded.The T/C ratio of negative control and positive samples was defined as B0 and Bx, and the standard curve was established by plotting the Bx/B0 ratio against the concentration of florfenicol.This assay showed a good linear range from 0.1 to 1.5 ng/mL with the limit of detection of 0.08 ng/mL, while the result could be obtained within 15 min.The result showed that this quantitative method was convenient and rapid, and could be used in screening a large amount of samples on site.