Epilepsy is a complications of brain injury or stroke,and is a common diseases in reha-bilitation or neurology department.Transcranial magnetic stimulation as a classical treatment means for stroke or brain injury,but also can promote the recovery of epilepsy.However,there is no clear clinical re-port for safety of epilepsy patients use both donepezil and transcranial magnetic stimulation .The article re-views the literature.Clinicians maybe provided some help.

AIMTo study the lignan glycosides from the roots of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium. Chromatography methods was used to isolate compounds and chemical and spectral methods were used to identify the structures of isolated compounds.

RESULTSTwo lignan glycosides were isolated from the roots of B. scorzonerifolium and their structures were identified as 2, 3-E-2,3-dihydro-2-(3'-methoxy-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-phenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-5-(3"-hydroxypropenyl )-7-methoxy-1-benzo [b] furan (1) and 2, 3-E-2, 3-dihydro-2-( 3'-methoxy-4'-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-5-( 3"-hydroxypropenyl)-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-1-benzo[b]furan (2), both of them which were the mixture of (+)2S,3R- and (-)2R,3S-type diastereoisomer and in both of them the amount of (+)2S,3R-type was a little more than that of the (-)2R,3S-type.

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1 and 2 were isolated from B. scorzonerifolium for the first time. (+)2S, 3R-2, 3-Dihydro-2-(3'-methoxy-4'-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-5-(3"-hydroxypropenyl)-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-1-benzo[b] furan is a new compound.

Bupleurum ; chemistry ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Lignans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Objective:To compare the different follow-up methods on compliance and prognosis of non-selective beta blockers (NSBBs) for out-patients with secondary prevention of esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB).Methods:A total of 72 patients with portal hypertension and esophageal gastric varices (EGV), who were admitted to the department of gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from July 2018 to April 2019 were randomly included in the traditional outpatient follow-up group (group A, 24), remote platform follow-up group (group B, 23) and combined follow-up group (group C, 25) according to the random number table. The patient′s medication compliance, heart rate response, condition change and treatment were recorded. NSBBs medication compliance, influencing factors and prognosis of patients in different groups were analyzed.Results:Forty (40/72, 55.6%) patients had good compliance with NSBBs, among which 34 (34/40, 85.0%) achieved heart rate response. The medication compliance of the group B (15/23, 65.2%) and the group C (17/25, 68.0%) was higher than that of the group A (8/24, 33.3%; χ2=4.778, P=0.029; χ2=5.889, P=0.015, respectively). There was no significant difference in the medication compliance between the group B and the group C ( χ2=0.042, P=0.838). In the group A, the subgroup of good compliance had higher proportion of local patients than that of poor compliance subgroup [7/8 VS 37.5% (6/16), P=0.033]. Patients with good drug compliance had higher proportion of gastroscopy review than that of poor compliance patients [75.0% (30/40) VS 21.9% (7/32), χ2=20.085, P<0.001] and less patients with EGVB [5.0% (2/40) VS 21.9% (7/32), P=0.073]. Conclusion:Patients with portal hypertension and EGV have poor compliance with NSBBs. Remote platform follow-up is a better way to improve compliance of drug prevention. Patients with good NSBBs compliance have a higher compliance of gastroscopy review. The risk assessment of variceal bleeding and endoscopic sequential therapy based on the results of gastroscopy review are expected to reduce the risk of EGVB.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of left ventricular structure and function in patients with liver cirrhosis and their correlation with the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score.

METHODSA total of 89 cirrhotic patients admitted between June, 2012 and June, 2014 and 30 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. According to MELD score, the cirrhotic patients were divided into 3 groups with MELD scores ≤9, between 10 and 19, and ≥20. The parameters of the left ventricle in resting state were measured using Doppler echocardiography, including left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), left atrial diameter (LAD), ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac output (CO), mitral flow velocity, and E wave deceleration time (DT), and evaluated their relationship with MELD score.

RESULTSCompared with the control subjects, the cirrhotic patients showed significantly increased LVESD, LVEDD, IVST, LAD, CO and DT but reduced VE/VA ratio (P<0.05 or 0.01). The values of LVESD, LVEDD, IVST, LAD and DT increased gradually with MELD scores (P<0.05 or 0.01). VE/VA ratio was higher in patients with MELD score of 10-19 than in those with MELD score ≤9, and decreased significantly in those with MELD score ≥20. Of the cirrhotic patients, 55% were found to have left atrial enlargement and 44% had a VE/VA ratio ≤1; left atrial enlargement and a VE/VA ratio below 1 were more common in patients with a MELD score ≥20 than in those with lower MELD scores. The LAD, LVEDD and DT were positively correlated with MELD scores (r=0.208, 0.319 and 0.197, respectively; P<0.05 or 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe patients with liver cirrhosis can have cardiac function deficiency manifested mainly by left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in positive correlation with the severity of liver disease.

Cardiac Output ; Case-Control Studies ; End Stage Liver Disease ; physiopathology ; Heart Atria ; pathology ; Heart Ventricles ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; physiopathology ; Severity of Illness Index ; Ventricular Function, Left

Hydrophobic medicine carbendazim,come into inclusion compounds with β-cyclodextrin(β-CD),2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD (2-Hp-β-CD) and 2,6-dimethyl-β-CD(Me-β-CD),were made by solvent method.By investigating the inclusion behaviors of these three cyclodextrins combined with carbendazim using 1H NMR,2D rotating frame overhause effect spectroscopy (ROESY) and diffusion ordered spectroscopy,the possible ways of combinations and the recognition ratio of this three inclusion compounds,Dβ-CD=2.516×10-10m2/s,D2-Hp-β-CD=1.676×10-10m2/s,DMe-β-CD=2.046×10-10m2/s,were obtained.According to X-ray power diffraction,thermogravimetric analysis,infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron spectroscopy characterization,it was found that the characteristic diffraction peaks changed after carbendazim and cyclodextrin formed into inclusion compounds,and the characteristic diffraction peak of carbendazim at 10.4°,21.2°,25.8°,31.5°(2θ) lost or disappear.The pyrolysis temperature of carbendazim was 197.5℃,and would be higher than 260℃ after it formed inclusion complex.The infrared spectrum also showed that the oscillation peaks of inner cyclodextrin cavum apparently reduced after carbendazim combined,which demonstrated that the position of water molecules inside cyclodextrin cavum were occupied by the carbendazim molecules.With the help of SEM,the appearances of inclusion were different from a single carbendazim molecule,which manifested a new structure appeared.

OBJECTIVETo observe the expression of protein arginine N-methyltransferase (PRMT) genes in the lung and spleen of E3 rats with acute asthma.

METHODSE3 rats with ovalbumin-induced pulmonary inflammation were divided into two groups (n=10), and the validity of the acute asthma model was evaluated by histological observation with HE and PAS staining and by measurement of NO production. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was employed to detect the expressions of PRMT1-PRMT6 genes in the lung and spleen tissues of the rats.

RESULTSIn the lung tissue of the asthmatic rats, the gene expressions of PRMT1 (P<0.01), PRMT2 (P<0.01), PRMT3 (P<0.05) and PRMT5 (P<0.05) were significantly increased, but the expression of PRMT4 gene (P<0.05) was significantly decreased as compared with those in the control tissue. In the spleen tissue of the asthmatic rats, the expressions of PRMT2 (P<0.05) and PRMT5 genes (P<0.05) showed a significant increase as compared with those in the control rat tissue.

CONCLUSIONThe gene expressions of PRMTs vary significantly between asthmatic rats and control rats, suggesting that PRMTs play an important role in the post-translational modification process of asthma-related genes.

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Asthma ; enzymology ; Female ; Male ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains

AIM: To investigate the acute clinical manifestations of cosmetology-related ocular damage(COD).METHODS:Retrospective study. A total of 53 cases(89 eyes)with ocular damage caused by cosmetology from April 2016 to October 2021 were collected. The clinical features were analyzed, including age, gender, affected eye(s), clinical manifestations, injury cause, treatment procedures, and prognosis.RESULTS: All 53 patients were female, aged 22-45 years, with an average age of 28.4±6.7 years. Monocular injuries were observed in 17 patients, and binocular injuries in 36 patients. The same eye could exhibit two or more ocular damage simultaneously. The primary cosmetology procedures causing COD were eyeliner tattooing(38 eyes; 43%), eyelash extensions(18 eyes; 20%), removal of false eyelashes(11 eyes; 12%), mascara application(8 eyes; 9%), double eyelid surgery(6 eyes; 7%), and others(8 eyes; 9%). Major ocular damages included corneal damage(56 eyes; 63%), eyelid contact dermatitis(26 eyes; 29%), conjunctivitis(19 eyes; 21%), reactive eyelid edema(13 eyes; 15%), ocular surface foreign bodies(12 eyes; 14%), bacterial infection of the palpebral margin(10 eyes; 11%), and others(5 eyes; 6%). These 5 eyes included 1 eye(1%)with central retinal artery occlusion caused by periocular injection of hyaluronic acid. The majority of patients(74 eyes)recovered within 1-2 wk with appropriate treatment, while filamentosa keratitis appeared in 3 eyes and the eye with central retinal artery occlusion had poor prognosis.CONCLUSIONS: COD predominantly occurs in young and middle-aged females with cosmetology experience. The most common cosmetology procedure leading to COD is eyeliner tattooing, and corneal damage is the most significant type of COD. COD can be effectively prevented and treated, resulting in a generally favorable prognosis.

Two new oleanane-type triterpenoids, parvifolactone A (1) and rubuside P (2), together with 11 known triterpenoids, fupenzic acid (3), 18,19-seco,2α,3α-dihydroxyl-19-oxo-urs-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic acid (4), euscaphic acid (5), maslinic acid (6), 1β- hydroxyeuscaphic acid (7), 2α,3α,19α,23-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (8), 2α,3β,19α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (9), glucosyl pinfaensate (10), rubuside J (11), 2α,3α,19α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-24,28-dioic acid (12), and 2α,3β,19α- trihydroxyurs-12-en-23,28-dioic acid (13), were isolated from the roots of Rubus parvifolius.
Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Rubus ; chemistry ; Terpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification