Deletions,insertions,duplications,and complex multi-site variants,now formally termed copy number variations(CNVs),are regions larger than 1 kb that are present with variable copy numbers in comparison with the reference genome.CNVs in humans and other mammals are associated with a series of complex genetic diseases including congenital heart disease.The studies of CNVs have become hot topics.This review mainly discusses the principle of CNVs,the detection techniques and CNVs in the pathogenesis of congenital heart

Medical art are essential in consumer health education,facilitating consumers to un-derstand medical concepts,invisible body parts and complex pathology. This paper reviewed the origin and development medical arts,analyzed the characteristics of medical arts specific for consumers rather than professionals,and discussed the opportunities and challenges of medical arts in internet era.

The present situation of data acquisition of principal diagnosis on front page were introduced and analyzed,the importance of selection and filling out the principal diagnosis on from page were expounded.Meanwhile,how to select the principal diagnosis correctly,clear and definite the definition of Principal Diagnosis,rule of selection of principal diagnosis were also introduced.Besides,some experience on how to select the principal diagnosis were presented.All of these,that analyzing the present situation and the problems of principal diagnosis,in order to assisting medical staff to select principal diagnosis correctly.

Objective: To investigate the understanding of other' s mind in children with autism in Beijing.Method: The instrument of this study was experimental test story. Results: Children with autism could understand other person' s physical and social desire, and predict behavior of others in accordance with desires. They basically unerstood other' s positive and negative emotions. However, they had a special difficult in understanding other' s cognitive mental states such as false belief. Concluslon: It indicated that the development of understanding other' s mental state is much more gradual and complex. Understandding other' s false belief is not all or nothing. The difference in understanding other's false belief between children with autism is not absolute, but relative.

The lipid A component of Re-lipopolysaccharide from S.typhimurium SL 1102 was prepared by hydrolysis with a 0.1 mol/L acetate buffer.Chemical as well as advanced l3C-,and 31P-NMR investigations revealed a ?1' ,6-interlinked D-glucosamine diasaccharide, which is substituted by two phosphate(P)groups, one being esterlinked to the non-reducing residue,and another bound glycosidically to the C1 of the reducing residue, is as the central backbone.Its structure is shown as follows:-P-GlcN(?1', 6)GlcN-P-The amino(2 and 2')and hydroxy(3 and 3')groups of the backone are substituted by 3-OH-14: 0, and unhydroxy fatty acids appear to be the subtituents of the hydroxy group of 3-OH-14 :0, in the means of formation of 3-acyloxyacyl ester and amides.

0), 3-hydroxy-15-methyl-hexadecanoic (3-OH-l5-Me-l6 : 0) and 13-methyl-tetradecanoic acid(13-Me-14 s 0).Approximately one mole of 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-mannooctonate was detected after treatment of LPS with 48% hydrofluoric acid, indicating it was present as a phosphorylated molecule.

Objective To control the quality of Huoxue Quyu syrup,the content of Ferulic acid was determined by RP -HPLC.Methods Ferulic acid was separated on C18column.Methanol -water -acetic acid(40∶60∶2)was used as mobile phase and the detecting wavelength at 322nm.Results The linearity of Ferulic acid was in t he range of 10～40?g?mL -1 (r =0.9997,n=5);the average recovery was 99.52%with RSD being 0.58%(n=5).Conclusion The method is simple and rapid and can be used for controlling the quality o f Huoxue Quyu syrup.

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of the LigaSure vessel sealing system for vascular control during transvaginal hysterectomy and compared it with suture group. Methods One hundred and sixty-one transvaginal hysterectomy were performed with LigaSure while 62 with traditional suture from Sept 2002 to Mar 2003. Meanwhile, the operating time, the estimated blood loss, the postoperative recovery and hospital stay were explored. Results All of the surgery were successfully performed with both LigaSure and traditional suture. Compared with suture group the LigaSure has many advantages in operating time, estimated blood loss and postoperative recovery. Conclusion For transvaginal hysterectomy LigaSure vessel sealing system is a more useful instrument and also an ideal option. It may be used safely in large, difficult uterus during transvaginal hysterectomy with less blood lose, short operating time, quick recovery after surgery.

Objective To establish a method for direct determination of arsenic in water by graphite furnace atomic absorp-tion spectrometry.Methods The contents of arsenic in water samples were directly determined by graphite furnace atomic ab-sorption spectrometry under given conditions of wavelength,ashing and atomization temperature after adding an appropriate amount of nickel sulfate to water samples without enrichment,extraction or transformation of arsenic into hydrogen arsenide of the samples.Results The linear range of the method was0.005-0.200mg /L with a correlation coefficient of0.9996.The re-covery rate,relative standard deviation and detection limit were95.0%-105.0%,4.0%-7.5%and0.005mg /L respectively.Con clu sion Compared with the silver salt method and hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry,this method had many advantages such as simplicity of operation,rapidity and suitability for the analysis of batch samples.

The ocean is a huge resource of organisms and about 80% of the world species live in it.Marine organisms synthesize various structurally-unique and pharmacologically-active metabolites which differ from those derived from the land organisms and serve as lead compounds for drug development.More than 15 000 new compounds have been isolated and identified from marine animals,plants and microorganisms since decades ago,and drugs like cephalosporins,ziconotide(Prialt),cytarabine(AraC) and vidarabine(AraA) were developed using these compounds as precursors.