Objective To discuss the ultrasound diagnosis on the apophysis lesions of the gallbladder. Methods A retrospective analysis was made in 51 cases of polypoid lesions of gallbladder ultrasound char-acteristics of cases, clinical symptoms and pathological types. Results There were 43 cases of benign le-sious (39 cases of cholesterol polyp, 3 cases of adenomyosis, 1 case of inflammatory polyps), 8 cases of tumor lesions (5 cases of adenomatous polyp, 3 cases of malignant tumors). Among those patients with out clinical symptoms (n = 32) were for cholesterol polyps (P < 0. 05) while in, with symptomatic patients (21 cases), 8 were complicated with stone, 4 with ulcerative disease. Three cases (100%) with adenomyosis and 4 cases (80%) with adenomatous polyposis shouwed symptoms (P < 0. 05). Patients with multiple pol-ypoid lesions (22 cases), were benign lesions, and 95.5% were pathologlicdly cholesterol polyp. Seven ca-ses of ultrasound diagnosis of gallbladder polyps were pathologically diagnosed having polyp diameter smaller than 0.3 cm. Ultrasound showed gallbladder wall thickening in 6 cases, 3 with adenomyosis (wall thickness 0. 5 - 1.8 cm), 3 with malignant lesions in gallbladder (wall thickness 0. 5 - 1.2 cm). Conclusions For those patients ultrasound showed asymptomatic or multiple polyps of the gallbladder, cholesterol polyps are the most common type of lesion. Ultrasound is not sensitive to polypoid lesions of the gallbladder with diame-ter less than 0. 3 cm. Those with limited ultrasonic gallbladder wall thickening (>0. 5 cm) should pay more attention to the possibility of having malignant tumors and adenomyosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of Yangyinjiandu decoction for acute radiation esophagitis.Methods Lung cancer and mediastinal tumor treated by radiotherapy(portals including oesophagus to a radical tumoricidal dose≥40Gy, with≥10cm oesophagus include in radiotherapy).Patients were randomly divided according to the time of acceptance into the treatment group and the control group.All parameters of the two groups were basically similar and comparable.The treatment group was given Yangyinjiandu decoction(one dose daily,water decoction,200ml,twice a day) taken in the morning and in the evening before the end of radiotherapy.The control group was given oral vitamin C tablet 100mg once a day before the end of radiotherapy.Five days after radiotherapy,the control group took oral prednisone 5mg three times a day and amoxicillin 5g three times a day.All the above medicines were continued for 7 days.Results The commencement of complication was 14.86?0.34 days in the treatment group and 13.55?0.26 days in the control group(P

Adolescent ; Biopsy ; Female ; Hepatocytes ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Humans ; Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic ; pathology ; Sibling Relations ; Ultrasonography

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus medication and kinesiotherapy in treating cerebral stroke.Method A total of 126 patients with cerebral stroke were randomized into a treatment group of 42 cases, control group 1 of 40 cases and control group 2 of 44 cases. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture, Chinese medication plus kinesiotherapy, control group 1 by acupuncture alone and control group 2 by kinesiotherapy alone. Before the intervention and respectively after 2-week and 4-week treatment, the three groups were observed by adopting the modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), as well as the Activities of Daily Living (ADL).Result After the treatment, the MBI score, FMA score and ADL grading were significantly changed in the three groups (P<0.01). After 4-week treatment, the MBI score in the treatment group was significantly different from that in control group 2 (P<0.05). After 4-week treatment, the FMA score and ADL grading in the treatment group were significantly different from those in both control group 1 and 2 (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture plus medication and kinesiotherapy is an effective approach in treating cerebral stroke and it can improve the ADL.

Nanomedicine is one of the most promising fields in biomedicine. Inorganic nanomaterials stand out among many nanomaterials due to their excellent physicochemical properties, stable chemical properties and high biocompatibility. As an inorganic nanomaterial, bismuth-based nanomaterials have the advantages of adjustable band gap, low toxicity, easy functionalization, large X-ray attenuation coefficient, high photothermal conversion efficiency and long cycle half-life, so they have good promising application in cancer diagnosis and treatment. This review summarizes the recent research progress of bismuth-based nanomaterials in tumor diagnosis, treatment and biosafety, which provides a theoretical basis for the design and exploitation of a new generation of bismuth-based nanomedicine systems.

Objective To analysis the cause of injury of traumatic optic neuropathy and explore the main factors affecting the prognosis of visual acuity. Methods We retrospectively collected clinical data of 104 cases (108) of traumat-ic optic neuropathy from January 2007 to December 2012 in the Renhe Hospital of Three Gorges University. We then ex-amined the cause of injury and analyzed risk factors for poor prognosis of visual acuity in traumatic optic neuropathy us-ing multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results The mean age of patients was 33.6 ± 12.8 years and 95 cases (91.3%) were males. The injury was mainly caused by non-motor vehicle and motor vehicle accidents (84 cases, 80.8%). Most of the patients came to the hospital within 3 days after the injury (81 cases, 77.9%). Overall efficacy rate of treat-ment was 45.4%(49/108). The effective rate was 29.9%(20/67) for visual acuity without light perception and 70.7%(29/41) for visual acuity with light perception, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the time to treatment≥24h, orbital hemorrhage or orbital fracture, ethmoid or sphenoid sinus bleeding and no light perception vision were an in-dependent prognostic factors. Conclusion Time to treatment time and severity of injury are the independent risk factors for poor visual prognosis of traumatic optic neuropathy whereas controlling these risk factors has important clinical signifi-cance to the treatment and prognosis of traumatic optic neuropathy.

Objective To discuss the combined value of gray-scale ultrasound ( GSUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid lesions and to explore the optimal diagnostic point of scoring method .Methods Ultrasound images of 178 thyroid lesions confirmed by pathology were synthetically reviewed by scoring 5 GSUS indicators including shape , orientation, interior echogenicity, halo sign, microcalcification and 6 CEUS indicators including relative arrival time of microbubbles in the periphery and interior, peak periphery and interior echogenicity, peripheral ring-enhancement, and homogeneity of enhancement .One positive indicator scored one point .The optimal diagnostic points and their clinical value were explored according to ROC curves .Results Scores of GSUS, CEUS and the combination of GSUS and CEUS were significantly different (Z =10.188,9.843,10.705,all P <0.001). Areas under ROC curves of GSUS, CEUS and the combination of GSUS and CEUS were 0.936, 0.919 and 0.964, respectively.Three or more positive GSUS indicators of five in a thyroid lesion predicted that the thyroid lesion was malignant , with the sensitivity of 79.6% and the specificity of 91.2%.Two or more positive CEUS indicators of six in a thyroid lesion predicted that the thyroid lesion was malignant , with the sensitivity of 91.8% and the specificity of 81.2%.Five or more positive GSUS and CEUS indicators of eleven in a thyroid lesion predicted that the thyroid lesion was malignant , with the sensitivity of 93.6%and the specificity of 92.3%.The areas under the ROC curve of GSUS and CEUS were 0.936 and 0.919.The area under the ROC curve of the combination of GSUS and CEUS was 0.964, larger than the areas under the GSUS ROC curve and the CEUS ROC curve.Conclusion Ultrasound is valuable in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid lesions , and the combination of GSUS and CEUS is the most valuable with 5 points as the optimal diagnostic scoring method .

Objective To research the ophthalmic nosocomial infection ,and to explore ophthalmic nosocomial infection risk fac-tors .Methods Retrospective analysis medical record information of 122 ophthalmic patients ,who were residency and nosocomial in-fection ,from January 2003 to December 2012 in department of ophthalmology ,renhe hospital of three gorges university .multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen risk factors .Results ophthalmic nosocomial infection rate was 2 .47% (122/4 931) , the highest rate was of respiratory infections ,accounting for 56 .56% (69/122) .Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that ,ntact check ,invasive operation ,hospitalization days were the risk factors for nosocomial infections .Conclusion Ophthalmology inpatients often merge hospital infection ,hospital should strengthen the hospital infection management ,strict execution aseptic oper-ation ,reducing the occurrence of hospital infection .

Objective To measure the expression of interleukin-13 (IL-13) and its receptors in mycosis fungoides (MF) lesions,and to investigate their clinical significance.Methods A total of 34 paraffin-embedded specimens of MF,which was confirmed by clinical and histopathological features,immunophenotyping and/or T-cell receptor gene rearrangements,were collected from Hangzhou Third People's Hospital between January 2010 and March 2016.According to the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system,5 patients were at stage I A,9 at stage Ⅰ B,17 at stage Ⅱ A,and 3 at stage Ⅱ B.Ten normal skin tissue specimens served as controls.Immunohistochemical study was conducted to measure the expression of IL-13,IL-13Rα1 and IL-13Rα2.Results IL-13,IL-13Rα1 and IL-13Rα2 were all expressed in atypical lymphoid cells and epidermotropic lymphoid cells in MF lesions at various stages.IL-13Rα2 was highly expressed in all the MF lesions.None of IL-13 and its receptors were expressed in normal skin tissues and lymphocytes.The expression rates of IL-13 and its receptors in MF lesions increased along with the progression of MF.Additionally,the expression rates of IL-13 (10.00％ ± 3.14％),IL-13Rα1 (21.43％ ± 6.88％) and IL-13Ro2 (31.14％ ± 6.38％) significantly decreased in MF lesions at stage Ⅰ compared with those at stage Ⅱ (27.50％ ± 11.00％,39.45％ ± 9.43％,44.40％ ± 11.15％,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05),but no significant differences were observed between stage Ⅰ A and Ⅰ B,or between stage Ⅱ A and Ⅱ B (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion IL-13 and its receptors,especially IL-13Rα2,may be expected to serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis of MF and prediction of its biological behaviors.

Aim To evaluate the vasorelaxant effect of two new chemical entities, J35242 and J35243, on iso-lated rat thoracic aorta rings as Rho-kinase inhibitors, and further to explore the underlying mechanisms of these two compounds. Methods Isolated rat thoracic aorta rings pre-contracted by KCl or norepinephrine ( NE) were used to evaluate the vasodilatory effect of J35242 and J35243 . Through the interventions of sev-eral tool drugs, the mechanisms of compounds concern-ing endothelium, K+ channels and Ca2+ were studied. Results J35242 and J35243 showed potent relaxant effect on both KCl and NE pre-contracted vessels, and exhibited partial endothelium dependency. L-NAME and Methylene Blue( MB) could influence the relaxant effect of these compounds. Meanwhile, the compounds could inhibit intracellular Ca2+ release and extracellu-lar Ca2+ influx, which indicated that the compounds might block the calcium channels to relax the vessels. In addition, the two compounds probably did not dilate the aorta rings through opening potassium channels. Conclusions J35242 and J35243 have vasorelaxant effects on vessels in vitro and the potency of J35242 is stronger than that of J35243 . The underlying mecha-nisms might be endothelium-dependent. Also the com-pounds might block Ca2+ channels, lowering intracel-lular Ca2+ concentration to relax the vessels.