Objective To evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) in the treatment of Neer three-part fractures of the proximal humerus in young adults. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of the 46 patients aged < 65 years with Neer three-part fracture of the proximal humerus from March 2010 to December 2016. MIPPO with locking proximal humerus plate ( LPHP ) was used in 23 of them who were 12 men and 11 women with an average age of 41. 6 ± 1. 2 years; open reduction and internal fixation ( ORIF ) with LPHP was used in the other 23 patients who were 14 men and 9 women with an average age of 42. 2 ± 1. 6 years. The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time, intraoperative bleed-ing, fracture healing time and shoulder function by Neer scoring at the last follow-up. Results The average follow-up ( 13. 4 ± 1. 2 months ) for the MIPPO groups was not statistically different from that for the ORIF group ( 14. 2 ± 2. 4 months ) ( P > 0. 05 ) . The MIPPO group reported significantly shorter operation time ( 105 ± 15 min ) , significantly less intraoperative bleeding ( 140 ± 50 mL ) , significantly shorter fracture healing time ( 4. 2 ± 0. 6 months ) , and significantly higher shoulder Neer scores ( 88. 6 ± 3. 4 ) than the ORIF group ( 120 ± 20 min, 320 ± 40 mL, 5. 4 ± 1. 2 months, and 81. 6 ± 2. 2, respectively ) ( P <0. 05 ) . The complication rate ( 4. 3％, 1/23 ) for the MIPPO group was not significantly different from that for the ORIF group ( 17. 4％, 4/23 ) ( P >0. 05 ) . Conclusion MIPPO with LPHP may be obviously advantageous over ORIF with LPHP in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures in young adults.

Objective To study the T cells lineage polymorphism of TCR BV CDR3 in the peripheral blood of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients,in order to provide experimental basis for the immunological patho-genesis study of AS.Methods Twenty-six subfamilies of CDR3 T cells of TCR BV in the PBMC of AS patients were amplified by RT-PCR method,then TCR BV CDR3 lineages polymorphism were analyzed by immunization scanning spectrum.Results TCR BV CDR3 scanning spectrum of 20 active AS patients showed abnormal distribution peak,including monoclonal,oligoclonal/oligoclonal trend,skewing peak and irregular abnormal peak.Among them,some subfamilies of 18 patients showed oligoclonal/oligoclonal trend expansion,BV16 and BV18 two subfamilies of one case showed monoclonal expansion.Most spectral type of PBMC TCR BV CDR3 in five normal controls showed Gauss distribution.Conclusion TCR BV CDR3 lineage have significant characteristic polymorphism and spectrum drift characteristics in the peripheral blood of AS patients,which further indicate that T cells has plaied an important role in the immunological pathogenesis of AS.Monoclonal/oligoclonal expansion of T cells may be autoreactive T cells in nature and they may be involved in the pathogenesis of AS.

To study the chemical constituents of Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schltr., various chromatographic methods were used, including D101 macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS and preparative HPLC chromatographic techniques. A new labdane diterpenoid glycoside named as nervilifordoside A was isolated from 60% EtOH extract of Nerviliafordii. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated as 12, 17-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methoxy-labdan-13-en-16, 15-olide 3-O-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-O-beta-glucopyranoside on the basis of HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data as well as chemical methods.

Background The current epidemiology study had shown the prevalence of age and sex adjusted dry eye was higher in patients with diabetes than population without diabetes.Further researches demonstrated that the tear film disturbance is common after the phacoemulsification or photocoagulation in the eyes of diabetic patients.Objective The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical features of tear film instability in diabetes patients.Methods One hundred and sixty-two patients with tear-film abnormality referred to Tongren Eye Center from January 1,2010 to September 1,2010 underwent questionnaire about diabetes and other diseases,BUT,Schirmer test.Tear film instability was diagnosed as abnormality of either Schirmer test or BUT and showed as M ( Q25,Q75 ).The right eyes of 162 dry eye patients meeting with the including criteria were enrolled.The patients were assigned to two groups according to with ( 80 patients) or without ( 82 patients) diabetes mellitum.DEQ questionnaire were scored.The percentage of cases with meibomain gland abnormal score ＞ 1 was calculated.Mann-Whitney U analysis and Chisquare analysis were used to compare the difference between the two groups.Results The Schirmer test in diabetic group was 8 ( qualities:5,9 )mm and was longer than 6 ( qualities:5,7 ) mm in non-diabetic patients ( U =2452,P =0.00).The result of BUT test was 3 ( qualities:2,4 ) seconds in diabetic patients and was shorter than 4 (qualities:3,5) seconds in non-diabetic patients( U=2104,P＜0.01 ).The DEQ score of diabetic patients was 15 ( qualities:1 0,19,which was less than21 ( qualities:19,23.25 ) in non-diabetic patients.51.2 ％ ( 41/80 ) diabetic participants and 32.9％ (27/82) nondiabetic participants appeared meibography ( grade larger than 1 ) (x2 =16.07,P=0.00).The percentages of dry eyes were 51.2％ (41/80) and 93.9％ (77/82) respectively in diabetes and nondiabetes groups(x2 =37.24,P＜0.01 ).No significant correlation was found between the diabetes course and DEQ score or meibography( r =0.16,P =0.16 ; r =0.10,P =0.36 ).Conclusions Diabetes patients with tear film instability have longer Schirmer test results,shorter BUT,more severe meibomain glands damage and lower DEQ scores.The dry eye symptom is lack in the diabetic patients though appearing the tear film and meibomain glands damage.Therefore,more attention should be given to ocular surface health in diabetes patients.

In adipose tissues from sreater omentum of patients with type 2 diabetes,the mRNA and protein expressions of human rearranged immunoglobulin?light chain (HSIGVL) 022 were measured by the fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively.The results showed that mRNA and protein levels of HSIGVL022 were up-regulated in patients with type 2 diabetes.The mRNA level of HSIGVL022 was linearly correlated with insulin resistance index,suggesting that this gene may play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

To study the chemical constituents of Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schltr., various chromatographic methods were used, including D101 macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS and preparative HPLC chromatographic techniques. A new labdane diterpenoid glycoside named as nervilifordoside A was isolated from 60% EtOH extract of Nerviliafordii. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated as 12, 17-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methoxy-labdan-13-en-16, 15-olide 3-O-alpha-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-O-beta-glucopyranoside on the basis of HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data as well as chemical methods.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Molecular Structure ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Action surface electromyography (SEMG) signals can be acquired from human skin surface. Its pattern recognition plays a very important role in practical applications such as human prosthesis and human-computer interface systems. For the purpose of increasing the recognition accuracy, we proposed a new recognition method combining fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) with multi-scale analysis. Considering the nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics of the SEMG, a multi-scale fuzzy entropy (MSFuzzyEn) feature was introduced and applied to the pattern recognition of six type action SEMG signals of the forearm. Firstly, multi-scale decomposition was applied to original signal using wavelet decomposition. Then MSFuzzyEn of the decomposed signals were calculated and inputted to support vector machine (SVM) for classification as feature vectors. The mean recognition accuracy reached 97%, which was 3% greater than that when FuzzyEn of original signal is applied to the classification of SEMG signals. The results have proved that the MSFuzzyEn is effective and precise in the classification of action SEMG signals.
Algorithms ; Electromyography ; methods ; Entropy ; Fuzzy Logic ; Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiology ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; methods ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Wavelet Analysis

Objective To explore the feasibility of endothelial function of dorsal artery of foot in patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM) by high frequency ultrasound combined with warm bath test.MethodsThirty-five patients with T2DM and thirty normal people were collected,all subjects were examined by high frequency ultrasound.Diameter of brachial artery in baseline and after reactive hyperaemia were detected;Diameter of dorsal artery of foot in baseline and after the foot immersed in 40℃ warm water for 5 minutes were acquired.Flow mediated dilatation of dorsalis pedis artery(FMDDPA) and flow mediated dilatation of brachial artery(FMDBA) were calculated and compared.Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to examine the correlation between FMDDPA and hemoglobin A1c(HbAlc). Results The FMDDPA and FMDBA were decreased in patients with T2DM (P<0.01).The FMDDPA and FMDBA were correlated significantly(r=0.864,P<0.01).In stepwise regression analysis,HbA1c is the most affecting factor for FMDDPA (R2=0.321,P<0.01).Conclusions Ultrasound combined with warm bath test can be used to detect the change of endothelial function of dorsal artery of foot in patients with T2DM,which have a certain clinical application value in endothelial function of terminal limb artery.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Hedyotis diffusa Willd (HDW) on the proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and invasion of human renal carcinoma cells, and to explore the possible mechanisms. Methods: After human renal adenocarcinoma ACHN cells and human renal proximal tubule HK-2 cells were treated with HDW for 24 h, the cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay, and the cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by FCM assay. The phenotypes of ACHN and HK-2 cells treated with HDW were observed by light microscopy and rhodamine staining. The expressions of mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET)-related proteins were detected by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting, respectively. The effects of HDW on the migration and invasion of ACHN and HK-2 cells were detected by wound-healing and Transwell chamber assay. RNAsequencing was used to detect the effect of HDW on the transcriptome in ACHN cells. The expression levels of RAP1 pathway-related genes [RAP1 GTPase activating protein (RAP1GAP), RAS guanyl releasing protein 2 (RASGRP2), RAP guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 (RAPGEF3), membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain containing 1 (MAGI1) and G protein subunit alpha i1 (GNAI1)] were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The expression levels of mitogen-activate protein kinase (MAPK) pathway-related proteins [c-Jun N -terminal kinase (JNK), phospho-JNK (p-JNK), protein kinase B (PKB, Akt), phospho-Akt (p-Akt), extracellular signalregulated kinase (ERK) and phospho-ERK (p-ERK)] were detected by Western blotting. Results: HDW selectively inhibited the proliferation of ACHN cells (P < 0.01), blocked cell cycle at S-phase (P < 0.01), and induced apoptosis (P < 0.01). After treatment with HDW, the morphology of ACHN cells significantly changed. HDW promoted the expressions of MET-related proteins (E-cadherin 1 and β-catenin) in ACHN cells, and inhibited the expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins (Vimentin and Snail1) (all P < 0.01). HDW inhibited the migration and invasion of ACHN and HK-2 cells (all P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference between ACHN and HK-2 cells. HDW affected the expressions of cell cycle-related genes and transcription factor E2F and Myc target genes, and activated the p53 signaling pathway. HDW significantly downregulated the expression levels of RAP1GAP, RASGRP2, RAPGEF3, MAGI1 and GNAI1 (all P < 0.000 1) and the phosphorylation level of JNK in ACHN cells. Conclusion: HDW may selectively inhibit cell proliferation, and promote MET, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of ACHN cells by inhibiting RAP1-JNK signaling pathway.

Objective: To study on the changes of serum small metabolites in patients with lung cancer and pneumonia, assess the performance of these metabolites on differential diagnosis between lung cancer and pneumonia, and establish diagnostic model. Methods: Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) was applied to test the serum metabolites, including 13 amino acids and 15 bile acids, of 95 patients with lung cancer, 69 patients with pneumonia and 90 healthy people. T test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the differences among the three groups. Binary logistic regression was applied to screen valuable indexes and establish diagnostic model. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to compare the differential diagnostic value of single index and diagnostic model. Results: Compared with the control group, 3 kinds of amino acids and 7 kinds of bile acids were decreased significantly, while 1 kind of amino acid and 2 kinds of bile acids were increased significantly in pneumonia patients. 6 kinds of amino acids and 2 kinds of bile acids were decreased significantly, while 2 kinds of amino acids and 4 kinds of bile acids were increased significantly in lung cancer patients. Deoxycholic acid was the most valuable metabolite in differential diagnosis. Citrulline, phenylalanine and deoxycholic acid were screened to establish differential diagnostic model of lung cancer and pneumonia. The area under curve (AUC) of the model was 0.829, and the Cut-Off value was 0.55, while the sensitivity was 76.8%, the specificity was 79.7%, and the coincidence rate was 78.3%. Conclusion: This study revealed that some small metabolites in serum of the patients with pneumonia and lung cancer have changed significantly. The diagnostic model composed of some metabolites has the potential value to assist differential diagnosis of lung cancer and pneumonia.