Salmonella Derby is recognized as a major human food-borne pathogen causing food poisoning,septicaemia and other symptoms.Meanwhile,it can represent a severe threat to livestock breeding and health.The objective of this review is to summarize novel research progress on epidemic,genomics,pathogenic mechanism of Salmonella Derby for provide reference to related research.

The importance and necessity of undergraduates participating in the training plan of the medical research was clarified.Based on the actual ability of students and the characteristic of experimental teaching plan,we think that combination of experimental teaching of small group with research training is a strategy for enhancing the ability of the medical undergraduates to do research.This proposal will speed up the medical educational goal by the activation of novel idea,the cultivation of innovatory thought and the enhancement of creative ability.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the characteristic chromatogram of Baphicacanthis Cusiae Rhizoma et Radix and its decoction pieces by HPLC for the identification of authentic and counterfeit products. METHODS: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used with Agilent Zorbax C18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water with gradient elution. The detector was a secondary tube array (DAD). The column temperature was maintained at 35 ℃, the flow rate was 1.0 mL•min-1, and the injection volume was 10 μL. RESULTS: Fifteen batches of genuine crude drug and twelve batches of genuine decoction pieces were determined. Five common peaks were found, among which three peaks were 2-benzoxazolinone, indigo and indirubin. CONCLUSION: The established characteristic chromatogram of Baphicacanthis Cusiae Rhizoma et Radix can effectively distinguish the authentic from the counterfeit. The methodological demonstration shows that the method is accurate, stable and reproducible.

Objective To observe the effect of ginkolide B derivative(XQ) on animal thrombosis.Methods SD male rats were randomized into the model group,troxerutin(48 mg?kg-1?d-1) group,ginkolide B(7.8 mg?kg-1?d-1) group,and low-,middle-and high-dose XQ(in the dose of 3.9,7.8 and 15.6 mg?kg-1?d-1 respectively) groups.The anti-thrombotic effect of XQ was observed on rats mixed thrombosis model induced by arterio-venous shunt method and electrical stimulation.Meanwhile,ICR male mice were randomized into the model group,troxerutin(96 mg?kg-1?d-1) group,ginkolide B(15.6 mg?kg-1?d-1) group,and low-,middle-and high-dose XQ(in the dose of 7.8,15.6 and 31.2 mg?kg-1?d-1 respectively) groups.The anti-thrombotic effect of XQ was also observed on mice acute pulmonary embolism model induced by adenosine diphosphate(ADP).Results XQ at the dose of 7.8 and 15.6 mg?kg-1?d-1 decreased the dry and wet weight of the thrombosis,and obviously prolonged the formation time of rats carotid artery thrombosis as compared to the model group(P

AlM:To observe the efficacy of using botulinum toxin A in the treatment of blepharospasm.
METHODS: Totally 113 patients with blepharospasm were managed with a local injection of botulinum toxin A, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated.
RESULTS:Fifty-nine cases ( 52. 2%) had a complete remission of symptoms, 49 patients ( 43. 4%) presented with obvious relieved spasm, 4 cases ( 3. 5%) were partially relieved and the 1 patient ( 0. 9%) remained unchanged. The total effective rate was 99. 1%. The time of beginning effect was 1-14d. The recover time was mostly in 14d. The average of therapeutic effect lasted 1-9mo. Adverse reactions such as mild palpebra dysraphism, palpebra ptosis and local subcutaneous blood stasis were found in 23 patients, and the symptoms disappeared in 2-4wk.
CONCLUSlON:Botulinum toxin A can effectively control medium and severe blepharospasm by injecting a little dose on local muscle.

Objective To explored vascular epithelium growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression profiles in rat liver regeneration after selective portal vein embolization (SPVE).Methods The SPVE model was constructed by embolization of the left portal vein and regenerative liver tissues were collected in postoperative days 1-9.Fifty of the SD rats were divided into the SPVE group (45 rats) and control group (5 rats).The expressions of VEGF and TGF-β1 in regenerative rat liver tissues were detected with immunohistochemistry and Western blot.The relationship between VEGF/TGF-β1 and time-phased rat liver regeneration was analyzed.Results In the SPVE group compared to the control group,the expression of VEGF increased from post operative day 1 to 5,peaking at day 5.The expression of TGF-β1 increased from post operative day 3 to 7,peaking at day 7.Conclusions The results suggest that after SPVE,VEGF fluctuation may correlate with the start of hepatic regeneration,and TGF-β1 fluctuation may correlate with the termination of hepatic regeneration.

Salmonella is an important zoonosis.China is the largest pork consumer.Contaminated pork is the main source of Salmonella disease at home and abroad.There are many swine Salmonella vaccine in use in Europe.Now the current swine Salmonella vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine,Salmonella can reduce colonization in pigs,and can induce immune response efficiently after the two immunizations.The control effect is poor,at this stage of swine vaccine cross protection research,type of Salmonella and vaccine antigen are not the same.This paper reviews the research progress of swine Salmonella vaccine.

Objective:Prepared the specific chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) against the cell wall protein of Trichophyton mentagrophytes (tmCWP) and detected its biological activities,which was to establish the basis for the preventment and treatment in dermatophytes disease.Methods: In this work,tmCWP was extracted and purified by cold alkali method,and being used as immunogen to immunized healthy laying hens.The IgY was extracted from the egg yolk by polyethylene glycol method and purified by saturated ammonium sulfate method,respectively.The concentration of the extracted IgY was detected by Bradford method.The purity and molecular weight of the specific anti-tmCWP IgY were analysed by SDS-PAGE.The titer of IgY was obtained by ELISA.The immunoreactivity of IgY was performed by Western blot.Results: The purity of the extracted IgY reached to 87.27％.ELISA indicated that the titer of the specific anti-tmCWP IgY gradual rised 20 days after primary immunization and reached to the highest value (1∶32 000) after 45 days.Western blot revealed that the specific IgY showed a good immunoreactivity and a specifically combination capacity.Conclusion: In our work,the tmCWP could be regarded as the immunogen to prepare the specific anti-tmCWP IgY,which could provide a novel thought for the therapy of Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection.

Salmonella is a pathogenic bacteria to human and animals ,which can cause seriously complication and death . Salmonella pathogenicity is from the reactions of SP‐1 and SP‐2 T3SS effector proteins .In this paper ,the functions of different T3ss effector proteins in different infection periods is reviewed to provide a reference for further understanding the pathogenesis mechanisms of Salmonella .

Objective • To investigate the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on the development and neurobehavior of zebrafish. Methods • The zebrafish fertilized eggs that developed to 4 hpf (hours post-fertilization) were treated with different concentrations of BPA (0, 2.5, 25, 250, and 2 500 μg/L). Survival rates, malformation rates, hatching rates, 24 hpf autonomic movement, and 48 hpf heart rates in the groups were observed and recorded. And the neurobehavioral test of larval zebrafish that developed to 144 hpf was performed. Results • The BPA exposure did not affect the survival rates, malformation rates and hatching rates of zebrafish. Compared with the control group, the autonomic movement in 24 hpf and heart rate in 48 hpf of zebrafish embryos that exposed to 2 500 μg/L BPA decreased (P=0.000), and the total distance and average speed of larval zebrafish that developed to 144 hpf also decreased (P=0.000). The behavior of larval zebrafish exposed to 250 μg/L and 2 500 μg/L BPA changed on light-evoked startle escape response activity, mainly including the decrease of total distance under strong light stimulation (P<0.05). Conclusion • BPA exposure during embryonic phase has developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity on zebrafish.