Deletions,insertions,duplications,and complex multi-site variants,now formally termed copy number variations(CNVs),are regions larger than 1 kb that are present with variable copy numbers in comparison with the reference genome.CNVs in humans and other mammals are associated with a series of complex genetic diseases including congenital heart disease.The studies of CNVs have become hot topics.This review mainly discusses the principle of CNVs,the detection techniques and CNVs in the pathogenesis of congenital heart

A comparative observation of the quality of human immunoglobulin separated by the Rivanol-coldethanol combination method(R-E),the cold ethanol method(E)and the Rivanol-Ammoniumsulphate method(R-As)was performed.The experimental data and control data are as follows:Purityof immunoglobulin:96.67?0.93%(R-E,n=10);89.20?5.45%(E,n=8)and 96.22?0.67%(R-As,n=6).Proportion of IgG,IgA and IgM:89.26?0. 81%,6.29?0.38% and 1.16?0.28%(R-E,n=10);88.59?4. 87%,0.34?0.21% and 0.15%?0.09%(E,n=8)and 88.90?1.46%,7.08?1.28% and 0.24?0.29%(R-As,n=6)respectively.Proportion of IgG monomers and dimers,polymers,and fragments:95.96?1.38%,3.04?0.73% and 1.02?1.04%(R—E,n=7)and 98.43?0.57%,0.96?0.25% and 0.62?0.33%(E,n=3)respectively.All the preparations separated bythe three methods have been heated for 4 hours at 57℃,with their appearance being unchanged.

The lipid A component of Re-lipopolysaccharide from S.typhimurium SL 1102 was prepared by hydrolysis with a 0.1 mol/L acetate buffer.Chemical as well as advanced l3C-,and 31P-NMR investigations revealed a ?1' ,6-interlinked D-glucosamine diasaccharide, which is substituted by two phosphate(P)groups, one being esterlinked to the non-reducing residue,and another bound glycosidically to the C1 of the reducing residue, is as the central backbone.Its structure is shown as follows:-P-GlcN(?1', 6)GlcN-P-The amino(2 and 2')and hydroxy(3 and 3')groups of the backone are substituted by 3-OH-14: 0, and unhydroxy fatty acids appear to be the subtituents of the hydroxy group of 3-OH-14 :0, in the means of formation of 3-acyloxyacyl ester and amides.

0), 3-hydroxy-15-methyl-hexadecanoic (3-OH-l5-Me-l6 : 0) and 13-methyl-tetradecanoic acid(13-Me-14 s 0).Approximately one mole of 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-mannooctonate was detected after treatment of LPS with 48% hydrofluoric acid, indicating it was present as a phosphorylated molecule.

Objective To establish a method for direct determination of arsenic in water by graphite furnace atomic absorp-tion spectrometry.Methods The contents of arsenic in water samples were directly determined by graphite furnace atomic ab-sorption spectrometry under given conditions of wavelength,ashing and atomization temperature after adding an appropriate amount of nickel sulfate to water samples without enrichment,extraction or transformation of arsenic into hydrogen arsenide of the samples.Results The linear range of the method was0.005-0.200mg /L with a correlation coefficient of0.9996.The re-covery rate,relative standard deviation and detection limit were95.0%-105.0%,4.0%-7.5%and0.005mg /L respectively.Con clu sion Compared with the silver salt method and hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry,this method had many advantages such as simplicity of operation,rapidity and suitability for the analysis of batch samples.

The ocean is a huge resource of organisms and about 80% of the world species live in it.Marine organisms synthesize various structurally-unique and pharmacologically-active metabolites which differ from those derived from the land organisms and serve as lead compounds for drug development.More than 15 000 new compounds have been isolated and identified from marine animals,plants and microorganisms since decades ago,and drugs like cephalosporins,ziconotide(Prialt),cytarabine(AraC) and vidarabine(AraA) were developed using these compounds as precursors.

Objective: To study the features of the emotional status of patients with thyroid dysfunction and analyze the relationship between levels of thyroid hormone and the emotion status.Methods: The levels of FT3,FT4 and TSH of 32 patients with hyperthyroidism,25 patients with hypothyroidism and 30 healthy persons(as normal control group) were measured.And Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD) were used for evaluation of emotion status.The status of anxiety and depression in all groups were compared and the relationship between thyroid function and total scores of HAMA and HAMD were also analyzed.Results: There was statistical significant difference between the total scores of HAMA and HAMD in the hyperthyroidism group and hypothyroidism group and those of the normal control group(P

Objective To control the quality of Huoxue Quyu syrup,the content of Ferulic acid was determined by RP -HPLC.Methods Ferulic acid was separated on C18column.Methanol -water -acetic acid(40∶60∶2)was used as mobile phase and the detecting wavelength at 322nm.Results The linearity of Ferulic acid was in t he range of 10～40?g?mL -1 (r =0.9997,n=5);the average recovery was 99.52%with RSD being 0.58%(n=5).Conclusion The method is simple and rapid and can be used for controlling the quality o f Huoxue Quyu syrup.

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of the LigaSure vessel sealing system for vascular control during transvaginal hysterectomy and compared it with suture group. Methods One hundred and sixty-one transvaginal hysterectomy were performed with LigaSure while 62 with traditional suture from Sept 2002 to Mar 2003. Meanwhile, the operating time, the estimated blood loss, the postoperative recovery and hospital stay were explored. Results All of the surgery were successfully performed with both LigaSure and traditional suture. Compared with suture group the LigaSure has many advantages in operating time, estimated blood loss and postoperative recovery. Conclusion For transvaginal hysterectomy LigaSure vessel sealing system is a more useful instrument and also an ideal option. It may be used safely in large, difficult uterus during transvaginal hysterectomy with less blood lose, short operating time, quick recovery after surgery.

Objective:To confirm the efficacy of Compound Xueshuantong Capsule on diabetic retinopathy in hemorrhage period.Methods:Randomly selected out-patient cases,took oral medicine accordance with the dose on time,observed visual acuity and retinal changes before and after treatment.Results:After 3 months observation,visual acuity was improved overall response rate 76.6%,retinal hemorrhage to improve the overall efficiency 70%.Conclusion:The Compound Xueshuantong Capsule was effective in clinical treatment of diabetic retinopathy in hemorrhage period.