Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin C of 3 kinds of pollen from Yunnan were studied by fluorescence spectrophotometer．The sample we re Pinusthunbergii, Fagopyrum esculentum and Brassica compestris． The results s howed that the content of Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, of pollen were rich． Th e content of Vitaimin Bl of Fagopyrum esculentum was the highest(0.39?mg/l00 g), and the Vitamin　B2, of Brassica compestris was the richest(0.70?mg/l00 ?g)． It was worth to utilize．

Objective To study the best parameters of low dose MSCT in examining the pharyngeal disease.Methods 20 volunteers were scanned by MSCT using 10 mm collimation,10 mm interval,120 kV,200 mA,100 mA,50 mA,25 mA parameters,respectively.All of the data was reformed(collimation 2.5 mm,interval 1.3 mm) on ADW 4.0 workstation.The image quality in different dose were scored respectively by 4 experienced radiolagists. Results The best appropriate parameter was 10 mm collimation,10 mm interval,120 kV,50 mA.Conclusion In examining the pharyngeal disease,the application of low dose(120 kV,50 mA) scan mode not only can assure the image quality but can decrease the exposure to patients.

Objective To perform Low dose dynamic MSCT( multi-slice CT) in sleeping obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ( OSAS) patients correcting the imprecise measure values in waking state, and to exactly analyse the location and extension of the dynamic changes about the condition. Methods Sixteen OSAS patients were scanned both in waking and naturally sleeping period ( end phase of inspiration and expiration). Measured at the narrowest part of the retropalatal ( RP) and retroglossal ( RG) and 5 mm under the tip of epiglottis at the epiglottal ( EPG) at the end period of inspiration in sleeping, respectively, and compared the accurate pos(?)on of the narrowest or occlusive level in 3 phases. All patients were also scanned using cine mode at the narrowest level at the end period of inspiration in sleeping to show the pharyngeal cavity changes during sleep. Results The smallest XSA of RP region (Mw = 47. 50 mm2 ,Me =73. 00 mm2 , Mi =2. 00 mm2 ;Zwe =2. 897,Pwe =0. 003 ;Zwi =4. 192,Pwi

Objective To explore resting state network in patients with hepatic cirrhosis using functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI).Methods 14 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and 14 healthy volunteers were included in this study.Modified Stroop task in Chinese character was used as target stimulus,block-design fMRI was used to acquire resource data.Group analysis(control epoch minus task epoch) was performed for both tasks in both groups.Results Comparing with controls,the patients with hepatic cirrhosis had abnormal deactivation mode.The absence of posterior cingulate cortex(PCC) and precuneus was present when performing incongruous word-reading task,deactivation of PCC,precuneus,and ventral medial prefrontal cortex were increased when performing incongruous color-naming task.Conclusion Cirrhosis patients have abnormal deactivation mode,the absence of PCC and precuneus is a sensitive not specific biomarker in detecting the brain changes of the patients with hepatic cirrhosis.

Objective To study the application of SLINKY technique in MRA of head and neck by comparison of four TOF MRA methods. Methods We obtained images on 21 patients and 5 volunteers with SLINKY on all the 26 cases, MOTSA on 18 cases, single volume on 16 cases, and 2D on 12 cases. Three experienced radiologists evaluated the images, unknowing which method the images were. The evaluations included clearness of vessel branches, smoothness of vascular wall, and vascular continuity. Signal-to-noise (SNR), contrast-to-noise (C/Ns), and scan time were measured. Results SLINKY displayed vessel branches better and had better smoothness of vascular wall and vascular continuity than the other three methods(P

Objective To determine the volume reduction of the primary olfactory cortex (POC) in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and investigate the potential relationship of functional olfactory activation and anatomical atrophy changes. Methods Twelve patients with AD, eight patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and twenty normal controls (NC) underwent standardized UPSIT (University of Pennsylvania smell identification test) behavior smell test and neuropsychological tests. Then all of the subjects underwent the high resolution MRI and an olfactory fMRI scan on a 3T system. Volumetric measurement of the POC was conducted and the areas were also saved as a ROI which would be used during the processing of fMRI data to get the activation voxels in local region. The Kruskal-Wallis rank test was used to examine the significance of POC volume and activation in three groups, If P-value was less than 0.05,Bonferroni method was used for multiple comparisons. The correlation between the anatomical volume and functional activation was analyzed with partial correlation adjusted for age. Results The POC volume of NC, MCI and AD groups were 3024--4734, 1409--4553 and 1561--3759 mm~3, and the medians were 3749, 2752 and 2156 mm~3. The activation voxels of each group were 0--2360, 0--2160 and 0--100 mm~3, while the medians were 430, 40 and 0 mm~3. There were significant differences of both POC volume atrophy and activation between the three groups, with a trend of reduction from NC to MCI to AD group (H is 14.942 and 16.587, both P<0.05). The volume of olfactory activation at POC was highly correlated with the volume of POC (r=0.364, P=0.023). Conclusions In this study, we explored the morphological and functional changes in the POC. It is revealed that POC suffers prominent local atrophy and dysfunction as well as hippocampus in AD. These results can provide neuropathological and neurofunctional bases for olfactory deficit in Alzheimer Disease.

BACKGROUND: Animal tests verified that alcohol could cause lipid accumulation in femoral head, leading to osteonecrosis. Molecular biology tests verified that alcohol could induce differentiation of marrow stromal cells (MSCs) into adipocytes. If a drug can resist the differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes induced by alcohol, it can prevent and treat alcoholinduced osteonecrosis.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of inhibition of puerarin on differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes induced by alcohol from the aspect of cell biology.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital,Zhengzhou University and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University from April 2000 to December 2002. A total of 50 clean healthy Kunming mice aged 6-8 weeks, of either sex, were selected. Bone marrow cells of the bilateral femur were obtained, with the inoculated density of 1.5×106/cm2, implanted into 6 wells and 24 wells cultured plate, randomized into groups, a well as a specimen and 24 specimens in each group.METHODS: MSCs were separated, cultured and assigned into 3 groups at random: model group (cells were treated with 0.09 mol/L alcohol), experimental group (0.09 mol/L alcohol and 0.01 mg/mL final concentration of puerarin) and controlled group (no alcohol and puerarin). Sudan Ⅲ staining was performed and adipose cells was counted under light microscope.Content of triacylglycerol, activity of alkaline phosphatase and content of osteocalcin in cell culture fluid were measured.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Result of differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes in micé of the three groups, ②content of triacylglycerol in MSCs of mice of the three groups, ③activity of alkaline phosphatase in MSCs of mice of the three groups, ④content of osteocalcin in cell culture fluid in the three groups.RESULTS: ①After being disposed and cultured for 21 days, number of adipocytes in the experimental group and control group decreased markedly compared with the model group. The number of adipocytes in the model group was 8.9 times of that in the experimental group, and 15.6 times of that in the control group [(319.17±19.92), (35.92±23.77)(20.42±12.15)per cm2,P＜0.001]. ②After being disposed and cultured for 21 days, coutent of triacylglycerol in the experinental group and control group was remarkably lower than that in the model group [(4.15±1.92) and (3.42±1.60),(11.55±4.42) μgin a well, P ＜ 0.001]. ③After being disposed and cultured for 12 days, activity of alkaline phosphatase in the experimental group and control group was distinctly higher than that in the model group [(9.51±2.96),(11.18±3.11), (4.84±2.23) μkat/g,P ＜ 0.001]. ④After being disposed and cultured for 14 days, content of osteocalcin in the experimental group and control group was 2.2 times and 2.7 times of that in the model group, respectively, and the difference was very significant com pared with themodel group [(11.11±4.57),(13.43±5.29), (4.95±2.31) μg/g,P ＜ 0.001].CONCLUSION: Puerarin can inhibit the differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes induced by alcohol, and maintain the osteogenic differentiation,which may prevent the development of osteonecrosis.

Objective To assess the value of arterial spin labeling(ASL) MRI in the staging of early renal allograft function. Methods Sixty two renal allograft recipients (2 to 4 weeks after kidney transplantation) and 20 age match volunteers were included in this study. All subjects underwent conventional MRI and ASL MRI which was performed in the oblique-sagittal plane. Recipients were divided into two groups according to the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), recipients with good allograft function (eGFR≥60 ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2,n=37) and recipients with impaired allograft function (eGFR<60 ml · min - 1 · 1.73 m - 2,n=25). Renal blood flow (RBF) was measured and an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to confirm the reproducibility of the measured results from two doctors. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni were used to compare the different cortical RBF among three groups. Correlation of RBF with eGFR was evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of using cortical RBF to discriminate allografts with impaired function from good function. Results RBF values showed good reproducibility between doctors with an ICC larger than 0.90 in different group. Mean cortical RBF were (390 ± 61),(290 ± 69),(201 ± 86) ml · 100 g-1 · min-1 for healthy controls, recipients with good and impaired allograft function, respectively(F=37.313,P<0.01). RBF exhibited a significant correlation with renal function as determined by eGFR for recipients (r=0.60,P<0.01). Mean cortical RBF showed a high area under the ROC curve (0.773) to discriminate renal allografts with different function, with a sensitivity of 56.0% (14/25) and a specificity of 89.2% (33/37). Conclusion ASL MRI can assess the early renal allografts perfusion, and provide valuable information in the staging of renal function. It could be a useful method for evaluating renal function noninvasively.