Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin C of 3 kinds of pollen from Yunnan were studied by fluorescence spectrophotometer．The sample we re Pinusthunbergii, Fagopyrum esculentum and Brassica compestris． The results s howed that the content of Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, of pollen were rich． Th e content of Vitaimin Bl of Fagopyrum esculentum was the highest(0.39?mg/l00 g), and the Vitamin　B2, of Brassica compestris was the richest(0.70?mg/l00 ?g)． It was worth to utilize．

Objective To explore resting state network in patients with hepatic cirrhosis using functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI).Methods 14 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and 14 healthy volunteers were included in this study.Modified Stroop task in Chinese character was used as target stimulus,block-design fMRI was used to acquire resource data.Group analysis(control epoch minus task epoch) was performed for both tasks in both groups.Results Comparing with controls,the patients with hepatic cirrhosis had abnormal deactivation mode.The absence of posterior cingulate cortex(PCC) and precuneus was present when performing incongruous word-reading task,deactivation of PCC,precuneus,and ventral medial prefrontal cortex were increased when performing incongruous color-naming task.Conclusion Cirrhosis patients have abnormal deactivation mode,the absence of PCC and precuneus is a sensitive not specific biomarker in detecting the brain changes of the patients with hepatic cirrhosis.

Objective To study the best parameters of low dose MSCT in examining the pharyngeal disease.Methods 20 volunteers were scanned by MSCT using 10 mm collimation,10 mm interval,120 kV,200 mA,100 mA,50 mA,25 mA parameters,respectively.All of the data was reformed(collimation 2.5 mm,interval 1.3 mm) on ADW 4.0 workstation.The image quality in different dose were scored respectively by 4 experienced radiolagists. Results The best appropriate parameter was 10 mm collimation,10 mm interval,120 kV,50 mA.Conclusion In examining the pharyngeal disease,the application of low dose(120 kV,50 mA) scan mode not only can assure the image quality but can decrease the exposure to patients.

Objective To perform Low dose dynamic MSCT( multi-slice CT) in sleeping obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ( OSAS) patients correcting the imprecise measure values in waking state, and to exactly analyse the location and extension of the dynamic changes about the condition. Methods Sixteen OSAS patients were scanned both in waking and naturally sleeping period ( end phase of inspiration and expiration). Measured at the narrowest part of the retropalatal ( RP) and retroglossal ( RG) and 5 mm under the tip of epiglottis at the epiglottal ( EPG) at the end period of inspiration in sleeping, respectively, and compared the accurate pos(?)on of the narrowest or occlusive level in 3 phases. All patients were also scanned using cine mode at the narrowest level at the end period of inspiration in sleeping to show the pharyngeal cavity changes during sleep. Results The smallest XSA of RP region (Mw = 47. 50 mm2 ,Me =73. 00 mm2 , Mi =2. 00 mm2 ;Zwe =2. 897,Pwe =0. 003 ;Zwi =4. 192,Pwi

Objective To determine the volume reduction of the primary olfactory cortex (POC) in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and investigate the potential relationship of functional olfactory activation and anatomical atrophy changes. Methods Twelve patients with AD, eight patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and twenty normal controls (NC) underwent standardized UPSIT (University of Pennsylvania smell identification test) behavior smell test and neuropsychological tests. Then all of the subjects underwent the high resolution MRI and an olfactory fMRI scan on a 3T system. Volumetric measurement of the POC was conducted and the areas were also saved as a ROI which would be used during the processing of fMRI data to get the activation voxels in local region. The Kruskal-Wallis rank test was used to examine the significance of POC volume and activation in three groups, If P-value was less than 0.05,Bonferroni method was used for multiple comparisons. The correlation between the anatomical volume and functional activation was analyzed with partial correlation adjusted for age. Results The POC volume of NC, MCI and AD groups were 3024--4734, 1409--4553 and 1561--3759 mm~3, and the medians were 3749, 2752 and 2156 mm~3. The activation voxels of each group were 0--2360, 0--2160 and 0--100 mm~3, while the medians were 430, 40 and 0 mm~3. There were significant differences of both POC volume atrophy and activation between the three groups, with a trend of reduction from NC to MCI to AD group (H is 14.942 and 16.587, both P<0.05). The volume of olfactory activation at POC was highly correlated with the volume of POC (r=0.364, P=0.023). Conclusions In this study, we explored the morphological and functional changes in the POC. It is revealed that POC suffers prominent local atrophy and dysfunction as well as hippocampus in AD. These results can provide neuropathological and neurofunctional bases for olfactory deficit in Alzheimer Disease.

Objective To study the application of SLINKY technique in MRA of head and neck by comparison of four TOF MRA methods. Methods We obtained images on 21 patients and 5 volunteers with SLINKY on all the 26 cases, MOTSA on 18 cases, single volume on 16 cases, and 2D on 12 cases. Three experienced radiologists evaluated the images, unknowing which method the images were. The evaluations included clearness of vessel branches, smoothness of vascular wall, and vascular continuity. Signal-to-noise (SNR), contrast-to-noise (C/Ns), and scan time were measured. Results SLINKY displayed vessel branches better and had better smoothness of vascular wall and vascular continuity than the other three methods(P

AIM: To investigate the effect of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathway after severe diffuse brain injury (DBI) in rats, and to provide base for treatment. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, traumatic group, low dose of inhibitor U0126 treatment group and high dose of inhibitor U0126 treatment group. DBI rat model was established according to the description of Marmarou's diffused brain injury. At 30 min and 1 h, 6 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after injury, morphological changes were observed under light and electronic microscopes. The ERK1/2 phosphorylation and c-Fos were measured by Western blotting. Apoptosis was measured with TUNEL method. Learning and memory function were performed with Morris water maze from 3 days to 7 days after injury. RESULTS: After trauma, some neurons displayed histopathologic changes of necrosis and apoptosis, axon myelin sheath internalization and disconnection. ERK1/2 phosphorylation protein was apparently increased at 30 min after injury, approached peak at 6 h and continued to 24 h. c-fos protein was markedly increased at 30 min after injury, approached peak at 6 h and returned to bottom at 24 h. The number of apoptotic nerve cells increased at 6 h after and approached peak at 72 h. Latencies of searching safety island prolonged. Rats treated with U0126 had reduction in ERK1/2 activity, c-Fos protein, neuronal apoptosis and searching safety island latencies. CONCLUSION: The activated ERK1/2 signaling pathway plays an important role in processing of nerve cell apoptosis after severe DBI.

Objective To learn dietary and nutritional status of the toxic diffuse goiter (GD) patients in Yunnan region,to investigate dietary nutrition intake levels of GD patients.Methods By using food frequency method and self-programmed food frequency table,GD patients' dietary nutrition was investigated.We calculated GD patients' intake of all kinds of food and a variety of nutrients per capita per day,and compared them with the suggested values in Chinese residents balanced diet pagoda and dietary nutrients reference intakes (RNIs);measured the patients' body weight,height and calculating body mass index in the field.Results (1) Dietary structure:GD patients' food intake kinds were various in Yunnan region,the intakes of cereals,tuber crops,meat,poultry,oils and fats and nuts were high;the intakes of vegetables,homonemeae,fruits,eggs,fish and shrimp,milk and milk products were low.(2) Energy and nutrient intake:the energy contribution from fats exceeded the recommended value,the energy contribution from carbohydrates was lower than the recommended value,the intakes of dietary fiber,vitamin A,thiamine,riboflavin,calcium and sodium were low,the intakes of vitamin E,phosphorus and iron were high.(3) Physical examination:GD patients' marasmus rate,overweight rate and obesity rate were 25.2％,7.0％ and 1.7％,respectively.There was no statistically significant difference between males and females (P＞0.05) Conclusion GD patients' food intake kinds are various in Yunnan region,but the dietary structure is unreasonable.