Aim This study was to investigate the effect of isoflurane on contracted renal arterial smooth muscle and to determine whether the MAPK pathway is involved in the intracellular signaling. Methods ①Rabbit renal arterial strips were treated with sapoin to make the sarcolemma permeability. And the calcium stored in reticulum (SR) was released using caffeine.Stead state tense was obtained when the strips were soaked in submaximal calcium concentration buffer.Then the submaximal calcium concentration buffer with various concentration isoflurane was admininstered,the change of tensions was detected.②primary renal arterial smooth muscle cells were cultured and treated with different concentration of isoflurane for different duration,and the levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in different groups were detected with western blot.Result Isoflurane all caused rabbit renal artery strips further contraction after they have reached equilibrium,and the tension altitude was isoflurane concentration dependent. Isoflurane upregulates ERK1/2 (p44/42) phosphorylation in cultured renal arterial smooth muscle cells in a concentration and time depend way.Conclusion Isoflurane can upregulates the tension of contracted renal arterial smooth muscle. And it may involve the activation of p44/42 MAPK pathway.

Two kinds of splint consisted of light-cured orselfcuring resin with nylon yarn were applied to fixthe loosed teeth caused by periodontitis. The re-sults showed that the light-cured resin with nylonyarn splint is much better than the self-cured resinwith nylon yarn splint (P

Objective To evaluate the effect of pronase on amoxicillin and metronidazole concentrations in gastric tissue. Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into experimental group ( n = 70 ) and control group ( n = 70 ) . Amoxicillin ( 28. 6 mg/kg ) , metronidazole ( 22. 5 mg/kg) and omeprazole (138.2 mg/kg) were administered orally to C57BL/6 mice, combined with pronase (110 mg/kg) or same amount of sterile PBS. Gastric tissue and blood plasma samples were taken at 10 point-in time (7 mice/time) from 15 min up to 360 min after administration. Concentrations of amoxicillin and metronidazole were detected by high performance liquid chromatography. Gastritis index of gastric mucosa ( hematoxylin-eosin staining) and the gastric tissue expressions of mucin 5 AC (Western blot) were detected at 120 min and 360 min after administration. Results The time to peak concentration of amoxicillin and metronidazole in gastric tissue appeared earlier than that in blood plasma (15 min vs 60 min). Tissue concentrations of amoxicillin and metronidazole of experimental group were significantly higher than those of control, and they were mainly at 15 min to 90 min (P ＜0. 05). Plasma concentrations of amoxicillin and metronidazole of experimental group at 15 min and 30 min were higher than those of control ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). There was no difference in gastritis index between experimental group and control at 120 min and 360 min after administration (0.28±0. 18 vs 0. 14 ±0. 14,P＞0.05; 0. 43 ±0. 20 vs 0. 28 ±0. 18,P ＞0. 05). The expressions of mucin 5 AC in experimental group were lower than those of control ( 0. 036 ± 0. 006 vs 0. 197 ± 0. 058; P ＜0. 05; 0. 039 ± 0. 008 vs 0. 208 ± 0. 072, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Pronase can significantly enhance the drugs penetration from mucus into gastric tissue. Concentrations of amoxicillin and metronidazole of experimental group in local gastric tissue and plasma are higher than those of control, especially in improving concentrations of gastric tissue and prolongation of exposed time.

Objective To evaluate analgesic effect of bupivacaine infiltration in trocar incision after laparoscopic surgery.Methods 90 patients were randomly divided into 3 groups after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.In group 10.25% bupivacaine 20 ml(50 mg) injection, in group 2 sterile NS 20 ml infiltrated in the muscular fasciae of the trocars, in group 3 patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA) was used.In 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after the intervention, the pain intensity was recorded with the use of a Visual Analogue Scale ( VAS), time of flatus passing was recorded as well.Results Patients with bupivacaine or PCIA had statistically significant in pain score compared with patients with NS especially within 12 hours after the surgery (t2h = 8.475; t6h = 5.356; t12h = 3.496, P ＜ 0.05) while the difference was not statistically significant between the 3 groups at 24 hours.The time of passing flatus in group 1 patients with bupivacaine was earlier than with PCIA ( x224h = 5.406, P ＜ 0.05 ) .Conclusions Bupivacaine infiltrated in trocar incision after laparoscopic surgery reduced postoperative pain, and did not disturb peristalsis reflex recovery of the intestines.

Objective To evaluate the influences of laryngeal mask airway(LMA) combined with epidural anesthesia on hemodynamics in hypertensive patients.Methods 72 gynecological patients with stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ hypertension were randomly divided into four groups(n=18 for each):general anesthesia with tracheal intubation(group G) or LMA(group L),combination of epidural anesthesia and general anesthesia with tracheal intubation(group GE) or LMA(group LE).BP,HR,ECG,SpO2 were monitored in different time.Intraoperative awareness,the time of extubation or LMA removal and anesthetic dosages were recorded.Results During insertion of the tube or LMA,SBP,DBP,HR were significantly higher than those before anesthesia in group G and GE(P

AIM: To investigate the heterogeneity of basal intracellular free calcium concentration( i) in peritoneal macrophages(PM) and whether it is relative to the reactivity of PM at the single cell level. METHODS: i implicated stimulated were measured by fluorescent microscopic imaging system after loading with fluorescent probe fura-2/AM. Superoxide(O _2)produced by single PM was determined by modified NBT test. RESULTS: The values of basal i determined in 392 PMs of 7 mice showed normal distribution [(54?24) nmol/L, n=392] with wide range(less than 20 nmol/L to more than 100 nmol/L), among which about 50% were in the range of 40-60 nmol/L. When stimulated with PMA or fMLP, i was increased, the peak values were positively correlated with the basal i in one mouse(PMA stimulated cells: r=0.52, P

ObjectiveTo review the experience on the diagnosis and surgical treatment nonfunctional islet cell tumors (NIT) of the pancreas. MethodsData of 32 NIT patients of the pancreas during the past 46 years in Tianjin Cancer Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.ResultThe average of patients was 32 years old,with female to male ratio of 2.6∶1. The major symptoms included abdominal mass, bellyache, abdominal distension, obstructive jaundice, and back pain. The average diameter of the tumor was 9 cm. Tumors were single in 94% of all cases and multiple in 6%. Tumors located in the head of pancreas in 47% of all cases, in the body in 16%, in the tail in 31%. Tumors were malignant in 69%(22/32) and benign in 31% (10/32 ) .Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed in 22%, resection of the spleen and pancreatic body-tail in 34%, resection of the body and tail of the pancreas in 16%, biopsy and biliary-enterostomy in 13%, tumor enucleation in 9%, biopsy only in 6%. The main postoperative complications were pancreatic fistulae (25%) and wound infection (9%). The 1? 3 and 5-year survival rates of malignant patients were 90%, 80% and 69%, respectively.ConclusionNIT is often single and large at the time when the patients sought medical consultation. The postoperative prognosis of patients with malignant tumor is favorable.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy and safety between spleen total resection splenectomy and spleen partial splenectomy in the treatment of patients with traumatic spleen rupture.Methods:84 cases of patients with traumatic spleen rupture from March 2013 to March 2016 were selected and divided into two groups.42 cases in the spleen total resection group were treated with spleen total resection,while the other 42 cases in the spleen partial nephrectomy group were treated with spleen partial splenectomy.The operative effect,the levels of platelet count,serum IgA,IgG,IgM,CD3 +,CD4 +,CD8 +,CD4 + / CD8 + levels before and after treatment,the incidence of complications were compared between two groups.Results:The intraoperative blood loss,exhaust time,length of hospital stay of spleen partial nephrectomy group were shorter than those of the spleen total resection group,but the operation time of research group was longer than that of the spleen total resection group (P＜0.05).The platelet count,CD8+ of spleen partial nephrectomy group were lower than those of the spleen total resection group (P＜0.05).The IgA,IgG,IgM,CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+ of spleen partial nephrectomy group were significantly higher than those of the spleen total resection group (P＜0.05).The incidence rate of complications in the spleen partial nephrectomy group was lower than that of the spleen total resection group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Spleen partial splenectomy was more effective than spleen total resection in the treatment of traumatic splenic rupture,which had little effect on the platelet and immune function.

CB2-selective agonists have drawn attention in drug discovery, since CB2 becomes a promising target for the treatment of neuropathic pain without psychoactive or other CNS-related side effects. However, the lack of experimental data of the 3D structures of human cannabinoid receptors hampers the understanding of the binding modes between ligands and CB2 by traditional methods. In the present work, combinational molecular modeling studies including flexible docking, MD simulations and free energy calculations were performed to investigate the interaction modes and mechanism of CB2-unselective agonist CP55940 and CB2-selective agonist GW842166X, separately binding with the homology model of CB2 in a DPPC/TIP3P simulated membrane environment. The binding free energies calculated by MM-PBSA method give an explanation for the activity differences of the studied ligands. Binding free energies decomposition by MM-GBSA method shows that the van der Waals interaction is the dominant driving force during the binding process. Our MD simulations demonstrate that Phe197 could be a critical residue for the binding of CB2-selective agonists. Furthermore, by using the MD simulated binding conformer as a template, the 3D-QSAR studies were performed with the comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) approach on a set of GW842166X analogues. A combinational exploration of both CoMFA steric and potential contour maps for CB2 affinities and the MD studied interaction modes sheds light on the structural requirements for CB2 agonists and serves as a basis for the design of novel CB2 agonists.

Objective To observe the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation on the motor function and activity of daily living in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods 110 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into rehabilitation group and control group. The patients in control group were treated with medicine, while the patients in rehabilitation group were treated with comprehensive therapy, including medicine, physical therapy and neuromuscular electrical stimulation. They were assessed with the simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), modified Barthel index (MBI), and the clinical defect of neurol function before and 4 weeks after treatment. Results The scores of FMA and MBI improved significantly in both groups after treatment, and improved more in rehabilitation group than in control group (P<0.05). The effective rate was 75% in the rehabilitation group, and 56% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive rehabilitation can promote the recovery of motor function and activity of daily living in patients with acute cerebral infarction.